جَادَwas generousبِحُوبَائِهِwith his difficult situationعِنْدَatالْمُصَافَنَةِ1the peace treaty
He was generous in his dire straits at the peace treaty ⟦1⟧.
فَمَاand notرَأَيْنَاwe sawعَرَبِيًّاan Arabسَفَّهَdeemed foolishحُلْمَthe forbearanceحَاتِمٍof Hatimبِجُودِهِin his generosityبِجَمِيعِwith allمَالِهِhis wealth
And we never saw an Arab deem foolish the forbearance of Hatim for his generosity with all his wealth.
وَلَاand notرَأَيْنَاwe sawأَحَدًاanyoneمِنْهُمْamong themسَفَّهَdeem foolishحُلْمَthe forbearanceكَعْبٍof Ka'bعَلَىuponجُودِهِhis generosityبِنَفْسِهِwith himself
And we never saw any of them deem foolish the forbearance of Ka'b for his generosity with his own life.
بَلْratherجَعَلُواthey madeذَلِكَthatمِنْfromكَعْبٍKa'bلِإِيَادَfor Iyadمَفْخَرًاa source of pride
Rather, they considered that from Ka'b for Iyad as a glory.
وَجَعَلُواand they madeذَلِكَthatمِنْfromحَاتِمٍHatimلِطَيِّئٍfor Tayyمَأْثَرَةًa noble deed
And they considered that from Hatim for Tayy as a virtuous act.
ثُمَّthenلِعَدْنَانَfor Adnanعَلَىoverقَحْطَانَ2Qahtan
Then for Adnan over Qahtan ⟦2⟧.
ثُمَّthenلِلْعَرَبِfor the Arabsعَلَىoverالْعَجَمِthe non-Arabs
Then for the Arabs over the non-Arabs.
ثُمَّthenلِسُكَّانِfor the inhabitantsجَزِيرَةِof the islandلِعَرَبِof the Arabs
Then for the inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula.
وَلِأَهْلِand for the peopleتِلْكَthatالتُّرْبَةِlandعَلَىoverسَائِرِthe restالْجَزَائِرِof the islands/landsوَالتُّرَبِand lands
And for the people of that land over all other lands and regions.
فَمَنْso whoeverأَرَادَwantedأَنْtoيُخَالِفَcontradictمَاwhatوَصَفَdescribedاللهُGodجَلَّglorifiedذِكْرُهُHis mentionبِهِwith itنَفْسَهُHimself
So whoever wants to contradict what God—glorified be His mention—described Himself with
وَمَاand whatمَنَحَHe grantedمِنْofذَلِكَthatنَبِيَّهُHis ProphetصَلَّىblessاللهُGodعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَand grant peace
And what He granted from that to His Prophet—may God bless him and grant him peace—
وَمَاand whatفُطِرَwas innately disposedعَلَىuponتَفْضِيلِهِhis preferenceالْعَرَبُthe Arabsقَاطِبَةًallوَالْأُمَمُand the nationsكَافَّةًall
And what the Arabs all and the nations all were created with the innate disposition of preferring him—
لَمْnotيَكُنْwould beعِنْدَنَاin our viewفِيهِconcerning himإِلَّاexceptإِكْفَارُهُdeclaring him an infidelوَاسْتِسْقَاطُهُ3and deeming him despicable
In our view, there is nothing for him except declaring him an infidel and deeming him despicable ⟦3⟧.
وَلَمْand notنَرَwe sawالْأُمَّةَthe nationأَبْغَضَتْhatedجَوَادًاa generous personقَطُّeverوَلَاnorحَقَرَتْهُdespised him
And we never saw the nation hate a generous person ever, nor despise him.
بَلْratherأَحَبَّتْهُloved himوَأَعْظَمَتْهُand magnified him
Rather, they loved him and magnified him.
بَلْratherأَحَبَّتْlovedعَقِبَهُhis offspringوَأَعْظَمَتْand magnifiedمِنْforأَجْلِهِhis sakeرَهْطَهُhis clan
Rather, they loved his descendants and magnified his clan for his sake.
وَلَاand notوَجَدْنَاهُمْwe found themأَبْغَضُواhatedجَوَادًاa generous personلِمُجَاوَزَتِهِbecause of his exceedingحَدَّthe limitالْجُودِof generosityإِلَىtoالسَّرَفِextravagance
And we did not find them hating a generous person because he exceeded the limit of generosity into extravagance.
وَلَاnorحَقَرَتْهُdespised him
Nor did they despise him.
بَلْratherوَجَدْنَاهُمْwe found themيَتَعَلَّمُونَlearningمَنَاقِبَهُ4his virtues
Rather, we found them learning his noble qualities ⟦4⟧.
وَيُدَارِسُونَand studyingمَحَاسِنَهُhis good deeds
And studying his excellent traits.
وَحَتَّىand evenأَضَافُواthey attributedإِلَيْهِto himمِنْofنَوَادِرِrareالْجَمِيلِbeautiful actsمَاthatلَمْnotيَفْعَلْهُhe did not do
And even attributed to him rare beautiful deeds that he never did.
وَنَحَلُوهُ5and they credited himمِنْwithغَرَائِبِmarvelousالْكَرَمِgenerositiesمَاthatلَمْnotيَكُنْhe would notيَبْلُغُهُreach it
And they attributed to him ⟦5⟧ marvelous acts of generosity that he would not attain.
وَلِذَلِكَand for thatزَعَمُواthey claimedأَنَّthatالثَّنَاءَpraiseفِيinالدُّنْيَاthe worldيُضَاعَفُis multipliedكَمَاjust asتُضَاعَفُare multipliedالْحَسَنَاتُgood deedsفِيinالْآخِرَةِthe Hereafter
And for that reason, they claimed that praise in this world is multiplied, just as good deeds are multiplied in the Hereafter.
نَعَمْyesوَحَتَّىand evenأَضَافُواthey attributedإِلَيْهِto himكُلَّeveryمَدِيحٍpraiseشَارِدٍ6stray
Yes, and even attributed to him every stray praise ⟦6⟧.
وَكُلَّand everyمَعْرُوفٍfavorمَجْهُولِunknownالصَّاحِبِthe doer
And every favor whose doer is unknown.
ثُمَّthenوَجَدْنَاwe foundهَؤُلَاءِtheseبِأَعْيَانِهِمْthemselvesلِلْبَخِيلِtowards the miserعَلَىonضِدِّthe oppositeهَذِهِthisالصِّفَةِquality
Then we found these same people towards the miser on the opposite of this quality.
وَعَلَىand onخِلَافِthe contraryهَذَاthisالْمَذْهَبِway
And on the contrary of this disposition.
وَجَدْنَاهُمْwe found themيُبْغِضُونَهُhating himمَرَّةًonceوَيُحَقِّرُونَهُand despising himمَرَّةًonce
We found them hating him at one time and despising him at another.