دَلَّتْit indicatedعَلَىonمَاwhatيَدُلُّit indicatesعَلَيْهِon itالِاسْمُthe nounالْوَاحِدُthe singleفِيinلُغَةِlanguageالْعَرَبِthe Arabs
It indicated what the single noun indicates in the language of the Arabs.
فَمَنْso whoeverقَضَىjudgedعَلَيْهِمْagainst themبِالْغِشِّwith deceptionمِنْfromهَذَاthisالْوَجْهِaspectفَقَدْthen indeedظَلَمَ1he wronged
So whoever judged them with deception from this aspect has indeed wronged.
[حَدِيثُ[The narration ofإِبْرَاهِيمَIbrahimبْنِson ofعَبْدِAbdالْعَزِيزِ]al-Aziz]
[The narration of Ibrahim ibn Abd al-Aziz]
وَحَدَّثَنِيand he narrated to meإِبْرَاهِيمُIbrahimبْنُson ofعَبْدِAbdالْعَزِيزِ،al-Aziz,قَالَ:he said:
And Ibrahim ibn Abd al-Aziz narrated to me, saying:
تَغَدَّيْتُI ate lunchمَعَwithرَاشِدٍRashidالْأَعْوَرِ،al-A'war,
I ate lunch with Rashid al-A'war,
فَأَتَوْنَاand they brought usبِجَامٍa bowlفِيهِin itبَيَّاحٌa fish (baiyah)سِبَخِيٌّ2marsh،,الَّذِيthe one thatيُقَالُis calledلَهُfor itالدُّرَّاجُad-durraj (a type of fish)
And they brought us a bowl containing a marsh fish called ad-durraj.
فَجَعَلْتُthen I startedآخُذُI takeالْوَاحِدَةَthe one (fish)فَأَقْطَعُand I cutرَأْسَهَا،its head,
I started taking one fish and cutting off its head.
ثُمَّthenأَعْزِلُهُI set it aside
Then I set it aside.
ثُمَّthenأَشُقُّهَاI split itبِاثْنَيْنِinto twoمِنْfromقِبَلِthe direction ofبَطْنِهَا،its belly,
Then I split it into two from the direction of its belly.
فَآخُذُand I takeشَوْكَةَthe spineالصُّلْبِof the backوَالْأَضْلَاعِ،and the ribs,
And I take out the spine and ribs.
فَأَعْزِلُهَا،and I set them aside,
And I set them aside.
وَأَرْمِيand I throw awayبِمَاwhatفِيinبَطْنِهَا،its belly,
And I throw away what is in its belly.
وَبِطَرَفِand the tip ofالذَّنَبِthe tailوَالْجَنَاحِand the wing
And the tip of the tail and the fin.
ثُمَّthenأَجْمَعُهَاI gather itفِيinلُقْمَةٍa morselوَاحِدَةٍoneوَآكُلُهَاand I eat it
Then I gather it into one morsel and eat it.
وَكَانَand he wasرَاشِدٌRashidيَأْخُذُtakesالْبَيَّاحَةَthe fishفَيَقْطَعُهَاand cuts itقِطْعَتَيْنِ،into two pieces,
And Rashid used to take the fish and cut it into two pieces.
فَيَجْعَلُand he putsكُلَّeachقِطْعَةٍpieceفِيinلُقْمَةٍ،a morsel,لَاnotيُلْقِيhe throwsرَأْسًاa headوَلَاnorذَنَبًاa tail
He puts each piece into a morsel, not discarding a head or a tail.
فَصَبَرَand he showed patienceلِيto meعَلَىforلُقَمٍmorselsعِدَّةٍseveral
And he patiently tolerated several morsels from me.
فَلَمَّاwhenبَلَغْتُI reachedالْمَجْهُودَthe limitمِنْهُof himقَالَ:he said:
When I reached the limit of his patience, he said:
«أَيْ"Oبُنَيَّmy sonإِذَاwhenأَكَلْتَyou eatلِطَعَامٍfor foodفَكُلْthen eatخَيْرَهُits goodبِشَرِّهِwith its bad»"
"O my son, when you eat food, eat the good of it with the bad of it."
الزِّنْجِيُّthe Zanj (black African)وَالْأَصْبَهَانِيُّand the Isfahaniوَالتَّمْرُand dates
The Zanj, the Isfahani, and dates
قَالَ:he said:
He said:
وَكَانَand he wasيَقُولُ:saying:
And he used to say:
لَمْnotأَنْتَفِعْI benefittedبِأَكْلِby eatingالتَّمْرِdatesقَطُّeverإِلَّاexceptمَعَwithالزِّنْجِthe Zanjوَأَهْلِand the peopleأَصْبَهَانَof Isfahan
I never benefitted from eating dates except with the Zanj and the people of Isfahan.
فَأَمَّاas forالزِّنْجِيُّthe Zanjفَإِنَّهُthen heلَاdoes notيَتَخَيَّرُselectوَأَنَاand Iأَتَخَيَّرُselect
As for the Zanj, he does not select, and I select.
وَأَمَّاand as forالْأَصْبَهَانِيُّthe Isfahaniفَإِنَّهُthen heيَقْبِضُgraspsالْقَبْضَةَthe handfulوَلَاand does notيَأْكُلُeatمِنْfromغَيْرِهَا،other than it,
And as for the Isfahani, he grasps a handful and does not eat from anything else.
وَلَاand does notيَنْظُرُlookإِلَىatمَاwhatبَيْنَis betweenيَدَيْهِhis handsحَتَّىuntilيَفْرُغَhe finishesمِنَfromالْقَبْضَةِthe handful
And he does not look at what is in front of him until he finishes the handful.
وَهَذَاand thisسَدَلٌ،is letting drop,وَالتَّخَيُّرُand selectionقِرْفَةٌis pickingوَجَوْرٌ3and injustice
And this is letting drop, and selection is picking and injustice.
وَلَاand notجَرَمَdoubtlessأَنَّthatالَّذِيwhichيَبْقَىremainsمِنَofالتَّمْرِthe datesلَاnotيُنْتَفَعُis benefittedبِهِfromالْعِيَالُthe familyإِذَاwhenكَانَisقُدَّامَin front ofمَنْone whoيَتَخَيَّرُselects
And doubtless, the dates that remain are not benefitted by the family when there is someone who selects.
وَكَانَand he wasيَقُولُ:saying:
And he used to say:
لَيْسَnotمِنَfromالْأَدَبِgood mannersأَنْthatتَجُولَroamيَدُكَyour handفِيinالطَّبَقِthe dish
It is not good manners that your hand roams in the dish.
وَإِنَّمَاbut onlyهُوَit isتَمْرٌdatesوَمَاand whatأَصَابَyou get
It is only dates and what you get.
Footnotes
- 1.يُشِيرُ الْمُؤَلِّفُ إِلَى أَنَّ الْأَلْفَاظَ الْمُفْرَدَةَ تَدُلُّ عَلَى الْمَعْنَى الْكُلِّيِّ، وَمَنْ قَالَ إِنَّ الْأَلْفَاظَ الْمُفْرَدَةَ لَا تَدُلُّ إِلَّا عَلَى الْجُزْئِيَّاتِ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ.
The author indicates that individual words denote universal meaning, and whoever says that individual words denote only particulars has wronged.
- 2.الْبَيَّاحُ: سَمَكٌ بَحْرِيٌّ صَغِيرٌ، وَالسِّبَخِيُّ: نِسْبَةٌ إِلَى السِّبَاخِ، وَهُوَ الْأَرْضُ الْمَالِحَةُ، وَيُقَالُ لَهُ الدُّرَّاجُ.
Al-Baiyah: a small sea fish, and al-Sibakhi: relative to sabakh (salt marsh), and it is called al-durraj.
- 3.السَّدَلُ: أَنْ يُرْخِيَ يَدَهُ فِي الطَّعَامِ كَيْفَمَا اتَّفَقَ، وَالْقِرْفَةُ: أَخْذُ مَا فِي وَجْهِ الطَّعَامِ، وَالْجَوْرُ: الظُّلْمُ وَالْعُدْوَانُ.
Al-Sadal: letting one's hand drop into food randomly. Al-Qirfah: taking only what is on top of the food. Al-Jawr: injustice and aggression.