al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 10

لَاnotيَحْصُلُit is obtainedبِالِاكْتِسَابِby acquisition

It is not obtained by acquisition

عَنْthroughطَرِيقِthe way ofالْحَوَاسِّthe senses

through the senses

وَالدَّلِيلِand the rational proofالْعَقْلِيِّrational

and rational proof,

وَالْمَنَامِand dreamsوَالْإِلْهَامِand inspiration

and dreams, inspiration,

وَأَمْثَالِand the likes ofهَذِهِtheseالْوَسَائِلِmeansالْمَادِّيةِmaterial

and the likes of these material means

أَوْorالرُّوحِيَّةِspiritual

or spiritual ones,

أَوْorإِثْبَاتِthe establishment ofإِيجَادِbringing aboutشِفَاءِcure ofالْمَرِيضِthe sick person

or establishing the cure of the sick person,

أَوْorإِثْبَاتِthe establishment ofاللَّعْنَةِthe curseعَلَىuponشَخْصٍa person

or establishing a curse upon a person

أَوْorالسَّخَطِwrathعَلَيْهِupon him

or wrath upon him

بِحَيْثُsuch thatيَنْقَلِبُhe turnsنَتِيجَةَas a result ofهَذَاthisاللَّعْنِcurseوَالسَّخَطِand wrath

such that as a result of this curse and wrath

مَعْدُوماًnon-existentأَوْorمَرِيضاًsickأَوْorشَقِيّاًwretched

he becomes non-existent, sick, or wretched,

أَوْorالرَّحْمَةِmercyلِشَخْصٍfor a personوَالرِّضَاand pleasureعَنْهُwith him

or mercy for a person and pleasure with him

بِحَيْثُsuch thatيَنْقَلِبُhe turnsهُوَheبِسَبَبِbecause ofهَذِهِthisالرَّحْمَةِmercyوَالرِّضَاand pleasure

such that he turns because of this mercy and pleasure

غَنِيّاًwealthyصَحِيحاًhealthyمُعَافًىcuredسَعِيداًhappy

wealthy, healthy, cured, and happy.

وَهَؤُلَاءِand theseالْمُشْرِكُونَpolytheistsلَاdo notيَعْرِفُونَrecognizeمَعَalong withاللَّهِGodتَعَالَىthe Most Highشَرِيكاًa partner

And these polytheists do not recognize alongside God - the Most High - a partner

فِيinخَلْقِthe creation ofالْجَوَاهِرِsubstancesأَيْmeaningأُصُولِfoundations ofالْمَادَّةِmatter

in the creation of substances (meaning the foundations of matter)

وَتَدْبِيرِand the management ofالْأُمُورِmattersالْعِظَامِgreat

and the management of great affairs,

وَيَعْتَرِفُونَand they acknowledgeبِأَنَّهُthatلَاnoقُدْرَةَpowerلِأَحَدٍfor anyone

and they acknowledge that no one has power

إِذَاifأَبْرَمَdecreedاللَّهُGodتَعَالَىthe Most Highشَيْئاًa thingوَقَضَىand judgedبِهِwith it

if God - the Most High - decrees a thing and judges it

أَنْtoيُمَانِعَهُresist Himوَيَقِفَand standدُونَهُbefore it

to resist Him and stand before it.

إِنَّمَاratherإِشْرَاكُهُمْtheir polytheism isفِيinأُمُورٍmattersخَاصَّةٍspecificبِبَعْضِto some ofالْعِبَادِthe servants

Rather, their polytheism is in matters specific to some of the servants,

إِذْsinceأَنَّهُمْthat theyيَظُنُّونَthinkأَنَّthatسُلْطاناًa sultanعَظِيماًgreat

since they think that a great sultan

مِنَamongالسَّلَاطِينِthe sultansالْعِظَامِgreat

among the great sultans,

كَمَاjust asيُرْسِلُhe sendsعَبِيدَهُhis servantsوَأَصْحَابَهُand his companionsالزُّلْفَىclose ones

just as he sends his servants and close companions

لَدَيْهِnear himإِلَىtoبَعْضِsomeنَوَاحِيregions ofمَمْلَكَتِهِhis kingdom

near him to some regions of his kingdom

لِلْقِيَامِto undertakeبِبَعْضِsomeالْأُمُورِaffairsالْجُزْئِيَّةِparticular

to undertake some particular affairs,

وَيَجْعَلُهُمْand makes themمُتَصَرِّفِينَacting freelyفِيهَاin them

and makes them act freely in them

إِلَىuntilأَنْthatيَصْدُرَis issuedعَنْهُfrom himقَرَارٌa decisionآخَرُanother

until another decision is issued by him

بِاخْتِيَارِهِمْby their choiceوَسُلْطَتِهِمْand their authority

by their choice and their authority,

وَأَنَّهُand that heلَاdoes notيَقُومُundertakeبِشُئُونِthe affairs ofالرَّعِيَّةِthe subjects

and that he does not undertake the affairs of the subjects

وَأُمُورِهِمْand their mattersالْجُزْئِيَّةِparticularبِنَفْسِهِhimself

and their particular matters himself,

بَلْratherيَكِلُhe entrustsذَلِكَthatإِلَىtoالْوُلَاةِthe governorsوَالْحُكَّامِand rulers

rather he entrusts that to the governors and rulers,

وَيَقْبَلُand he acceptsمِنْهُمْfrom themشَفَاعَتَهُمْtheir intercessionوَتَزْكِيَتَهُمْand their recommendation

and he accepts from them their intercession and recommendation

لِلْمُوَظَّفِينَfor the employeesالَّذِينَwhoيَعْمَلُونَworkتَحْتَunderإِشْرَافِهِمْtheir supervision

for the employees who work under their supervision,

وَالْمُتَّصِلِينَand those connectedبِهِمْto themوَالْمَتَزَلِّفِينَand those seeking closenessلَدَيْهِمْto them

and those connected to them and seeking closeness to them.

كَذَلِكَLikewiseقَدْhasخَلَعَbestowedمَلِكُKing ofالْمُلُوكِkings

Likewise, the King of kings

عَلَىuponالْإِطْلَاقِabsoluteتَعَالَىExalted isشَأْنُهُHis status

absolute - Exalted is His status -

عَلَىuponبَعْضِsome ofعِبَادِهِHis servantsالْمُقَرَّبِينَthe close ones

upon some of His close servants

خِلْعَةَthe robe ofالْأُلُوهِيَّةِdivinity

the robe of divinity,

وَجَعَلَand madeسَخَطَهُمْtheir wrathوَرِضَاهُمْand their pleasureمُؤَثِّراًinfluentialفِيinعِبَادِهِHis servantsالْأَخَرِينَthe others

and made their wrath and pleasure influential in His other servants.