Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 112

الْفَصْلُ

The chapter

الثَّانِي

second

The second chapter

فِي

In

تَقْسِيمِ

dividing

السُّوَرِ

the chapters

إِلَى

into

الْآيَاتِ

verses

وَأُسْلُوبِهَا

and its style

الْفَرِيدِ

unique

On dividing the chapters into verses and its unique style

بَيْنَ

Between

الْآيَاتِ

the verses

وَالْأَبْيَاتِ:

and the poetic lines:

Between verses and poetic lines:

لَقَدْ

Indeed

جَرَتْ

has run

سُنَّةُ

the way

اللَّهِ

of Allah

- تَعَالَى -

- the Most High -

فِي

in

السُّوَرِ

the surahs

الْقُرْآنِيَّةِ

Quranic

بِتَقْسِيمِهَا

by dividing them

إِلَى

into

الْآيَاتِ

verses

Indeed, Allah's way - the Most High - in the Quranic surahs has been to divide them into verses

كَمَا

just as

أَنَّ

that

الْقَصَائِدَ

poems

تُقَسَّمُ

are divided

إِلَى

into

الْأَبْيَاتِ،

poetic lines,

just as poems are divided into poetic lines,

وَمَعْلُومٌ

and it is known

أَنَّ

that

هُنَاكَ

there is

فَرْقاً

a difference

بَيْنَ

between

الْآيَاتِ

verses

وَالْأَبْيَاتِ،

and poetic lines,

and it is known that there is a difference between verses and poetic lines,

ثُمَّ

then

إِنَّ

indeed

الْآيَاتِ

the verses

وَالْأَبْيَاتِ

and poetic lines

كُلَّ

each

وَاحِدَةٍ

one

مِنْهُمَا

of them

مِنْ

is from

قَبِيلِ

the category

النَّشِيدِ،

of chant,

then each of the verses and poetic lines belongs to the category of chant,

الَّذِي

which

يُقَالُ

is said

وَيُنْشَدُ

and chanted

لِالتِذَاذِ

for the enjoyment

نَفْسِ

of the soul

الْمُتَكَلِّمِ

of the speaker

وَالسَّامِعِ

and the listener

وَمُتْعَتِهِمَا

and their pleasure

الْفَنِّيَّةِ،

artistic,

which is spoken and chanted for the enjoyment and artistic pleasure of both the speaker and the listener,

إِلَّا

except

أَنَّ

that

الْأَبْيَاتِ

poetic lines

الشِّعْرِيَّةَ

poetic

تَكُونُ

are

مُقَيَّدَةً

bound

بِالْعَرُوضِ

by prosody

وَالْقَوَافِي

and rhymes

الَّتِي

which

دَوَّنَهَا

recorded

الْخَلِيلُ

Al-Khalil

بْنُ

son of

أَحْمَدَ،

Ahmad,

except that poetic lines are bound by prosody and rhymes which Al-Khalil bin Ahmad recorded,

وَتَلَقَّاهَا

and received them

مِنْهُ

from him

الشُّعَرَاءُ

poets

وَجَرَوْا

and followed

عَلَيْهَا.

them.

and poets received them from him and followed them.

بِنَاءُ

The construction

الْآيَاتِ

of the verses

عَلَى

upon

الْوَزْنِ

the meter

وَالْقَافِيَةِ

and rhyme

الطَّبِيعِيَّةِ:

natural:

The construction of verses upon natural meter and rhyme:

أَمَّا

As for

الْآيَاتِ

the verses

فَإِنَّ

then indeed

بِنَاءَهَا

their construction

عَلَى

is upon

الْوَزْنِ

the meter

وَالْقَافِيَةِ

and rhyme

الْإِجْمَالِيَّةِ

overall

الَّتِي

which

تُشْبِهُ

resembles

الْحَقِيقَةَ

the truth

الطَّبِيعِيَّةَ

natural

As for the verses, their construction is upon overall meter and rhyme which resembles natural truth

لَا

not

عَلَى

upon

أَفَاعِيلِ

the measures

الْعَرُوضِيِّينَ

of prosodists

وَتَفَاعِيلِهِمْ،

and their feet,

not upon the measures of prosodists and their feet,

وَالْقَوَافِي

and the rhymes

الْمَحْدُودَةِ

limited

الَّتِي

which

هِيَ

are

شَيْءٌ

something

صِنَاعِيٌّ

artificial

وَاصْطِلَاحِيٌّ

and conventional

لَيْسَ

not

غَيْرَ.

other than that.

and the limited rhymes which are merely something artificial and conventional.

الْقَدْرُ

The amount

الْمُشْتَرَكُ

shared

بَيْنَ

between

الْآيَاتِ

verses

وَالْأَبْيَاتِ:

and poetic lines:

The shared amount between verses and poetic lines:

أَمَّا

As for

تَنْقِيحُ

refining

الْقَدْرِ

the amount

الْإِجْمَالِيِّ

overall

الْمُشْتَرَكِ

shared

الَّذِي

which

يَنْفَقُ

applies

فِي

to

الْآيَاتِ

verses

As for refining the overall shared amount which applies to verses