Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 115

فِي

in

بَيْتٍ

a house

قُبُوراً

graves

In a house 'graves'

وَفِي

and in

الْبَيْتِ

the house

الْآخَرِ

other

كَبِيراً

big

and in the other house 'big'

عَلَى

upon

الْعَكْسِ

the contrary

مِنَ

of

الشُّعَرَاءِ

the poets

الْعَجَمِ

non-Arab

contrary to the non-Arab poets.

وَهَكَذَا

and thus

يَرَى

sees

الشُّعَرَاءُ

the poets

الْعَرَبُ

Arab

And thus the Arab poets see

أَنَّ

that

حَاصِلَ

result

دَاخِلٍ

entering

that the result of 'entering'

وَنَازِلٍ

and descending

مِنْ

from

قِسْمٍ

part

وَاحِدٍ

one

and 'descending' are from one part

بِخِلَافِ

unlike

الشُّعَرَاءِ

the poets

الْعَجَمِ

non-Arab

unlike the non-Arab poets.

تَوْزِيعُ

distribution

الْكَلِمَةِ

the word

الْوَاحِدَةِ

single

فِي

in

شَطْرَيْ

two halves

الْبَيْتِ

of the verse

Distribution of a single word in the two halves of the verse:

كَذَلِكَ

similarly

وُقُوعُ

occurrence

كَلِمَةٍ

word

وَاحِدَةٍ

single

بَيْنَ

between

شَطْرَيْ

two halves

الْبَيْتِ

of the verse

Likewise, the occurrence of a single word between the two halves of the verse

بِحَيْثُ

such that

يَكُونُ

is

نِصْفُهَا

its half

فِي

in

الشَّطْرِ

the half

الْأَوَّلِ

first

such that half of it is in the first half

وَالنِّصْفُ

and the half

الْآخَرُ

other

فِي

in

الشَّطْرِ

the half

الثَّانِي

second

and the other half in the second half

صَحِيحٌ

correct

عِنْدَ

with

الْعَرَبِ

the Arabs

خَطَأٌ

error

عِنْدَ

with

الْعَجَمِ

the non-Arabs

is correct for the Arabs, an error for the non-Arabs.

وَبِالْجُمْلَةِ

and in summary

فَإِنَّ

indeed

الْأَمْرَ

the matter

الْجَامِعَ

unifying

الْمُشْتَرَكَ

common

And in summary, the unifying common matter

هُوَ

is

التَّوَافُقُ

the harmony

التَّقْرِيبِيُّ

approximate

التَّقْدِيرِيُّ

estimated

لَا

not

التَّوَافُقُ

the harmony

الْحَقِيقِيُّ

real

is approximate estimated harmony, not real harmony.

أَوْزَانُ

meters

الْهُنُودِ

of the Indians

[Indian Meters]

وَقَدْ

and indeed

وَضَعَ

laid down

الْهُنُودُ

the Indians

أَوْزَانَ

meters

شِعْرِهِمْ

of their poetry

And the Indians have laid down their poetry meters

عَلَى

upon

عَدَدِ

number

الْحُرُوفِ

of letters

مِنْ

from

دُونِ

without

مُلَاحَظَةٍ

observing

based on the number of letters without observing

وَاعْتِبَارٍ

and considering

لِلْحَرَكَاتِ

the vowels

وَالسَّكَنَاتِ

and quiescences

and considering vowels and consonants.

وَهِيَ

and it

كَذَلِكَ

similarly

تَمْنَحُ

grants

لَذَّةً

pleasure

وَمُتْعَةً

and enjoyment

فَنِّيَّةً

artistic

And it likewise grants artistic pleasure and enjoyment.

أَلْحَانُ

melodies

الْقَرَوِيِّينَ

of the villagers

Villagers' Melodies:

وَقَدْ

and indeed

سَمِعْنَا

we have heard

أَلْحَانَ

melodies

بَعْضِ

some

الْقَرَوِيِّينَ

villagers

الرِّيفِيِّينَ

rural

And we have heard the melodies of some rural villagers

الَّتِي

which

يُلَحِّنُونَ

they compose/sing

بِهَا

with it

لِلْحُصُولِ

to obtain

عَلَى

of

الْمُتْعَةِ

enjoyment

وَالذَّوْقِ

and taste

which they use for melodies to obtain enjoyment and taste,

وَهِيَ

and it

فِي

in

الْوَاقِعِ

reality

تَشْتَمِلُ

includes

عَلَى

upon

تَوَافُقٍ

harmony

تَقْرِيبِيٍّ

approximate

and it - in reality - includes approximate harmony

بَيْنَ

between

أَجْزَاءِ

parts

الْكَلَامِ

of speech

أَوْ

or

تَشْتَمِلُ

includes

عَلَى

upon

رَدِيفٍ

a refrain

between parts of speech, or includes a refrain.