الْبَابُThe chapterالْأَوَّلُfirst
The first chapter
الْعُلُومُThe sciencesالْخَمْسَةُfiveالْأَسَاسِيَّةُbasicالَّتِيthatيَشْتَمِلُcomprisesعَلَيْهَاitالْقُرْآنُthe Quran
The five basic sciences that the Quran comprises
لِيُعْلَمَSo that it is knownأَنَّthatالْمَعَانِيَthe meaningsالَّتِيthatيَشْتَمِلُcomprisesعَلَيْهَاitالْقُرْآنُthe Quranلَاdo notتَخْرُجُgo outsideعَنْofخَمْسَةِfiveعُلُومٍsciences
So that it is known that the meanings which the Quran comprises do not go outside of five sciences:
1 - The science of rulings:
such as the obligatory, the recommended, the permissible, the disliked, and the forbidden,
whether they were from the category of acts of worship, transactions,
or society, or civil politics.
وَيَرْجِعُAnd returnsتَفْصِيلُdetailingهَذَاthisالْعِلْمِscienceوَشَرْحُهُand its explanationإِلَىtoالْفَقِيهِthe jurist
The detailing of this science and its explanation return to the jurist.
2 - The science of argumentation:
and it is debating with the four false sects:
the Jews, the Christians, the polytheists, and the hypocrites.
وَيَرْجِعُAnd returnsفِيinشَرْحِexplainingهَذَاthisالْعِلْمِscienceوَتَعْرِيفِهِand defining itإِلَىtoالْمُتَكَلِّمِthe theologian
And explaining this science and defining it returns to the theologian.
3 - The science of reminding of the bounties of Allah:
such as explaining the creation of the heavens and the earth,
and inspiring the servants with what they need,
and explaining the divine attributes.
4 - The science of reminding of the days of Allah:
and it is explaining those events and incidents
that Allah - the Most High - brought about
as a blessing upon the obedient and as a punishment for the criminals
(such as the stories of the prophets - upon them be prayers