حَقِيقَةُRealityأَسْبَابِof the causesالنُّزُولِ:of revelation:
Reality of the causes of revelation:
وَقَدْAnd indeedرَبَطَhave linkedعَامَّةُmostالْمُفَسِّرِينَof the exegetes
And indeed most exegetes have linked every verse of rulings and disputes to a story narrated regarding the reason for its revelation.
كُلَّeveryآيَةٍverseمِنْfromآيَاتِversesالْأَحْكَامِof rulings
every verse from the verses of rulings
وَآيَاتِand versesالْمُخَاصَمَةِof disputesبِقِصَّةٍto a storyتُرْوَىnarratedفِيinسَبَبِreasonنُزُولِهَا،for its revelation,
and verses of disputes to a story narrated in the reason for its revelation,
وَظَنُّواand they thoughtأَنَّهَاthat itهِيَisسَبَبُthe reasonالنُّزُولِ،for revelation,
and they thought that it is the reason for revelation,
وَالْحَقُّand the truthأَنَّis thatنُزُولَrevelationالْقُرْآنِof the QuranالْكَرِيمِNoble
and the truth is that the revelation of the Noble Quran
إِنَّمَاwas onlyكَانَforلِتَهْذِيبِrefiningالنُّفُوسِthe soulsالْإِنْسَانِيَّةِ،human,
was only for refining human souls,
وَإِزَالَةِand removingالْعَقَائِدِbeliefsالْبَاطِلَةِ،false,وَالْأَعْمَالِand deedsالْفَاسِدَةِ.corrupt.
and removing false beliefs, and corrupt deeds.
فَالسَّبَبُSo the reasonالْحَقِيقِيُّtrue- إِذْنَ -- then -فِيinنُزُولِrevelation ofآيَاتِversesالْمُخَاصَمَةِof disputes
So the true reason - then - for the revelation of the verses of disputes
هُوَisوُجُودُthe presenceالْعَقَائِدِof beliefsالْبَاطِلَةِfalseفِيinنُفُوسِsoulsالْمُخَاطَبِينَ.of those addressed.
is the presence of false beliefs in the souls of those addressed.
وَسَبَبُAnd the reasonنُزُولِfor revelation ofآيَاتِversesالْأَحْكَامِof rulings
And the reason for the revelation of the verses of rulings
إِنَّمَاis onlyهُوَtheشُيُوعُspreadالْمَظَالِمِof injusticesوَوُجُودُand presenceالْأَعْمَالِof deedsالْفَاسِدَةِcorruptفِيهِمْ.among them.
is only the spread of injustices and the presence of corrupt deeds among them.
وَسَبَبُAnd the reasonنُزُولِfor revelation ofآيَاتِversesالتَّذْكِيرِof reminder
And the reason for the revelation of the verses of reminder
(بِآلَاءِ(of the favorsاللَّهِof Allahوَأَيَّامِهِand His daysوَبِالْمَوْتِ)and with death)
(of Allah's favors, His days, and death)
إِنَّمَاis onlyهُوَtheعَدَمُlackتَيَقُّظِهِمْof their wakefulnessوَتَنَبُّهِهِمْand their awareness
is only their lack of wakefulness and awareness
بِمَاof whatيَرَوْنَthey seeوَيَمُرُّونَand pass byعَلَيْهِofمِنْfromآلَاءِfavorsاللَّهِof Allahوَأَيَّامِهِ،and His days,
of what they see and pass by of Allah's favors and His days,
وَحَوَادِثِand eventsالْمَوْتِ،of death,وَمَاand whatسَيَكُونُwill beبَعْدَهُafter itمِنْofوَقَائِعَeventsهَائِلَةٍ.tremendous.
and events of death, and what will be after it of tremendous events.
أَمَّاAs forالْأَسْبَابُthe causesالْخَاصَّةُspecificوَالْقِصَصُand the storiesالْجُزْئِيَّةُpartial
As for the specific causes and partial stories
الَّتِيwhichتَجَشَّمَtook the troubleبَيَانَهَاto explain themالْمُفَسِّرُونَthe exegetes
which the exegetes took the trouble to explain
فَلَيْسَit hasلَهَاfor itدَخْلٌany roleفِيinذَلِكَthatإِلَّاexceptفِيinبَعْضِsomeالْآيَاتِversesالْكَرِيمَةِ،noble,
they have no role in that except in some noble verses,
الَّتِيwhichتَشْتَمِلُincludeعَلَىanتَعْرِيضٍallusionبِحَادِثٍto an eventمِنَfromالْحَوَادِثِthe events
which include an allusion to an event from the events
فِيinعَهْدِthe eraالنَّبِيِّof the Prophet- صَلَّى- peaceاللَّهُbe uponعَلَيْهِhim- وَسَلَّمَ -and blessings -أَوْorقَبْلَهُ،before it,
in the era of the Prophet - peace and blessings be upon him - or before it,
بِحَيْثُsuch thatيَقَعُfallsالْقَارِئُthe readerبَعْدَafterهَذَاthisالتَّعْرِيضِallusion
such that the reader falls after this allusion
فِيintoتَرَقُّبٍanticipationوَانْتِظَارٍand waitingلِمَاfor whatكَانَwasوَرَاءَهُbehind it
into anticipation and waiting for what was behind it
مِنْofقِصَّةٍstoryأَوْorحَادِثٍeventأَوْorسَبَبٍ،reason,
of a story, event, or reason,
وَلَاand notيَزَالُceasesتَرَقُّبُهُhis anticipationإِلَّاexceptبَسْطُthe elaborationالْقِصَّةِof the storyوَبَيَانُand explanationسَبَبِof the reasonالنُّزُولِ.for revelation.
and his anticipation ceases only with the elaboration of the story and the explanation of the reason for revelation.
لِأَجْلِForذَلِكَthatيَلْزَمُنَاit is necessary for usأَنْtoنَشْرَحَexplainهَذِهِtheseالْعُلُومَsciences
For that reason, it is necessary for us to explain these sciences
بِطَرِيقَةٍin a wayلَاnotنَحْتَاجُwe needمَعَهَاwith itإِلَىtoإِيرَادِbringingقِصَصٍstoriesجُزْئِيَّةٍ.partial.
in a way that does not require us to bring forth partial stories.