al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 75

وَإِذَاAnd whenضَرَبْتُمْyou travelفِيinالْأَرْضِthe earth

And when you travel in the earth

فَلَيْسَthen there is notعَلَيْكُمْupon youجُنَاحٌany blameأَنْthatتَقْصُرُواyou shortenمِنَofالصَّلَاةِthe prayer

then there is no blame upon you for shortening the prayer

إِنْifخِفْتُمْyou fearأَنْthatيَفْتِنَكُمُwill afflict youالَّذِينَthose whoكَفَرُواdisbelieved

if you fear that those who disbelieved will afflict you

الْآيَةَthe verseفَقَالَso he said- صَلَّى -may Allah bestow peaceاللَّهُAllahعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَand grant him security

the verse, so he - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - said

"صَدَقَةٌ"A charityتَصَدَّقَgiven as charityاللَّهُAllahبِهَاwith itعَلَيْكُمْ"upon you"

"A charity which Allah has bestowed upon you as charity"

أَيْmeaningأَنَّthatالْكُرَمَاءَthe generous peopleلَاdo notيُضَايِقُونَmake things tightفِيinالصَّدَقَةِ،charity

meaning that generous people do not make charity restrictive,

كَذَلِكَlikewiseالرَّبُّthe LordتَبَارَكَBlessedوَتَعَالَىand Exalted is Heلَمْdid notيَذْكُرْmentionهَذَاthisالْقَيْدَconditionلِلتَّضْيِيقِ،for restriction

likewise the Lord, Blessed and Exalted is He, did not mention this condition for restriction,

بَلْratherإِنَّمَاonlyوَرَدَcameالْقَيْدُthe conditionاتِّفَاقاً.incidentally

rather the condition merely came incidentally.

وَأَمْثِلَةُAnd the examples ofالتَّوجِيهِguidanceكَثِيرَةٌ،are many

And the examples of guidance are many,

وَالْغَرَضُand the purposeهُنَاhereالتَّنْبِيهُis to draw attentionعَلَىtoمَعْنَاهُits meaningوَالْمَقْصُودِand what is intendedمِنْهُ.from it

and the purpose here is to draw attention to its meaning and what is intended by it.

تَنْقِيحُRefiningأَسْبَابِthe causes ofالنُّزُولِrevelationوَتَوْجِيهُand guidingالْمُشْكِلِthe problematic partsمِنْfromتَفْسِيرَاتِthe interpretations ofالْبُخَارِيِّAl-BukhariوَالتِّرْمِذِيِّAt-Tirmidhiوَالْحَاكِمِ:and Al-Hakim

Refining the causes of revelation and explaining the problematic aspects in the interpretations of Al-Bukhari, At-Tirmidhi, and Al-Hakim:

وَيَحْلُوAnd it pleasesلِيmeأَنْtoأَنْقُلَtransmitفِيinالْبَابِthe chapterالْخَامِسِfifth

And it pleases me to transmit in the fifth chapter

مِنْfromتَفْسِيرَاتِthe interpretations ofالْبُخَارِيِّAl-BukhariوَالتِّرْمِذِيِّAt-Tirmidhiوَالْحَاكِمِand Al-Hakim

from the interpretations of Al-Bukhari, At-Tirmidhi, and Al-Hakim

مَاthat whichيَتَعَلَّقُrelatesبِأَسْبَابِto the causes ofالنُّزُولِrevelationوَتَوْجِيهِand explainingالْمُشْكِلِthe problematic parts

what relates to the causes of revelation and explaining the problematic parts

مِمَّاfrom whatرَوَوْهُthey narrated itبِأَسَانِيدِهِمْwith their chains of narrationإِلَىtoالصَّحَابَةِthe Companions- رَضِيَ -may Allah be pleasedاللَّهُAllahعَنْهُمْ -with them

from what they narrated through their chains of transmission back to the Companions - may Allah be pleased with them -

وَإِلَىand toالرَّسُولِthe Messenger- صَلَّى -may Allah bestow peaceاللَّهُAllahعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَ -and grant him securityبِتَنْقِيحٍwith refinementوَتَهْذِيبٍand editingوَاخْتِصَارٍand abbreviationلِفَائِدَتَيْنِfor two benefitsمُهِمَّتَيْنِ.important

and to the Messenger - may Allah bless him and grant him peace - with refinement, editing, and abbreviation, for two important benefits.

أُولَاهُمَا:The first of them:أَنَّthatاسْتِحْضَارَbringing to mindهَذَاthisالْقَدْرِamountمِنَofالْآثَارِreportsوَالرِّوَايَاتِand narrationsلَاis notبُدَّavoidableمِنْهُfrom itلِكُلِّfor everyمُفَسِّرٍexegete

The first is that having this amount of reports and narrations at hand is indispensable for every exegete

مِثْلَlikeشَرْحِexplainingغَرِيبِthe uncommon words ofالْقُرْآنِ،the Quranلَاit is notبُدَّavoidableلِلْمُفَسِّرِfor the exegeteمِنْtoحِفْظِmemorizeالْقَدْرِthe amountالَّذِيthatذَكَرْنَاهُwe mentionedمِنْهُof itفِيمَاin whatتَقَدَّمَ.has preceded

just like explaining the unusual words of the Quran; the exegete must memorize the amount we mentioned of it previously.

الثَّانِيَةُ:The second:أَنْthatيَعْلَمَhe knowsأَنَّهُthatلَاnoدَخْلَrelevance / entryلِأَكْثَرِto most ofمَاwhatيُرْوَىis narratedمِنْofأَسْبَابِcauses ofالنُّزُولِrevelation

The second is that he should know that most of what is narrated concerning the causes of revelation has no bearing

فِيinفَهْمِunderstandingمَعَانِيthe meanings ofالْآيَاتِthe versesالْكَرِيمَةِnobleاللَّهُمَّexceptإِلَّاthatشَيْئاًsomethingقَلِيلاًlittleمِنَofالْقَصَصِthe storiesوَالرِّوَايَاتِand narrations

upon understanding the meanings of the noble verses, except for a very small amount of the stories and narrations

الَّتِيthatوَرَدَتْcameفِيinهَذِهِtheseالتَّفَاسِيرِinterpretationsالثَّلَاثَةِthreeالَّتِيwhichهِيَthey areأَصَحُّthe most authenticالتَّفَاسِيرِinterpretationsلَدَىaccording toالْمُحَدِّثِينَ.the hadith scholars

that were mentioned in these three interpretations which are the most authentic interpretations according to the hadith scholars.