al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 88

فَإِنَّFor indeedاللَّهَGodعَدُوٌّis an enemyلَهُto him

For indeed God is an enemy to him

بِدَلِيلِby evidence ofالْآيَةِthe verseالتَّالِيَةِfollowing

by the evidence of the following verse

وَأَبْدَلَand he substitutedمِنْهُfrom it{فَإِنَّهُ{for indeed heنَزَّلَهُrevealed itعَلَىuponقَلْبِكَ}your heart}

and substituted for it {for indeed he revealed it upon your heart}

إِبْدَالُSubstitution ofالتَّنْكِيرِindefinitenessبِالتَّعْرِيفِ:with definiteness:

Substitution of indefiniteness with definiteness:

٥5- وَأَحْيَانًا- And sometimesيَقْتَضِيrequiresالْكَلامُthe speechالتَّنْكِيرَindefiniteness

5 - And sometimes speech requires indefiniteness

- فِي- inظَاهِرِapparentالْأَمْرِmatter

- in appearance

- وَلَكِنْ- butقَدْmayيَتَصَرَّفُونَthey disposeفِيهِin itبِالتَّعْرِيفِby definitenessوَالْإِضَافَةِand annexation

- but they may treat it with definiteness and annexation

وَيَبْقَىand remainsالْمَعْنَىthe meaningعَلَىuponالتَّنْكِيرِindefinitenessكَمَاasكَانَit was

and the meaning remains upon indefiniteness as it was

وَمِنْand fromأَمْثِلَتِهِ:its examples:قَوْلُsaying of- تَعَالَى- the Most High-:-:

and among its examples: the saying of the Most High -

  • - {وَقِيلِهِ- {and his sayingيَاOرَبِّ}Lord}أَيْ:meaning:قِيلَit was saidلَهُto himيَاOرَبِّLord
  • - {And his saying: O Lord} meaning: it was said to him O Lord

    فَأَبْدَلَso he substitutedبِقِيِلِهِwith his sayingلِأَنَّهُbecause itأَحْصَرُmore conciseفِيinاللَّفْظِwording

    so he substituted with his saying because it is more concise in wording

  • - {حَقُّ- {The truthالْيَقِينِ}of certainty}أَيْmeaningحَقُّtruthيَقِينٍof certainty
  • - {The truth of certainty} meaning true certainty

    أُضِيفَit was annexedلِيَكُونَso that it may beأَيْسَرَeasierفِيinاللَّفْظِwording

    it was annexed so that it may be easier in wording

    إِبْدَالُSubstitution ofالتَّأْنِيثِfemininityوَالتَّذْكِيرِand masculinityوَالْإِفْرَادِand singularityبِأَضْدَادِهَاwith their opposites

    Substitution of femininity, masculinity, and singularity with their opposites

    ٦6- وَأَحْيَانًا- And sometimesيَكُونُisالْكَلَامُthe speechعَلَىuponسُنَنِهِits courseالطَّبِيعِيِّnaturalالْمَعْرُوفِknown

    6 - And sometimes speech is upon its known natural course

    يَقْتَضِيrequiringتَذْكِيرَmasculinization ofالضَّمِيرِthe pronounأَوْorتَأْنِيثَهُits feminizationأَوْorإِفْرَادَهُits singularity

    requiring the masculinization of the pronoun, or its feminization, or its singularity

    فَيُصْرَفُso it is divertedعَنِfromالسُّنَنِthe courseالطَّبِيعِيِّnatural

    so it is diverted from the natural course

    وَيُبْدَلُand is substitutedالْمُذَكَّرُthe masculineبِالْمُؤَنَّثِwith the feminineوَالْمُؤَنَّثُand the feminineبِالْمُذَكَّرِwith the masculine

    and the masculine is substituted with the feminine, and the feminine with the masculine

    وَيُجْعَلُand is madeالْمُفْرَدُthe singularجَمْعًاa pluralلِلنُّزُوعِdue to the inclinationإِلَىtowardsالْمَعَانِيthe meanings

    and the singular is made a plural due to inclination towards meanings

    وِرِعَايَةِand observance ofالِاعْتِبَارَاتِthe considerationsاللَّطِيفَةِsubtle

    and observance of subtle considerations

    وَمِنْand fromأَمْثِلَتِهِ:its examples:قَوْلُsaying of- تَعَالَى- the Most High-:-:

    and among its examples: the saying of the Most High -

  • - {فَلَمَّا- {So whenرَأَىhe sawالشَّمْسَthe sunبَازِغَةًrisingقَالَhe saidهَذَاthis isرَبِّيmy Lordهَذَاthis isأَكْبَرُ}greater}
  • - {So when he saw the sun rising, he said, This is my Lord, this is greater}