قَالَ:Heوَقِيلَsaid:لِمُعَاوِيَةَAndبْنِitأَبِيwasسُفْيَانَ:said
He said: And it was said to Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan:
مَنْ"Whomرَأَيْتَdidشَرَّyouالنَّاسِ؟see
"Whom did you see as the worst of people?"
فَقَالَ:Heعَلْقَمَةُsaid:ابْنُ"Alqamaوَائِلٍibnالْحَضْرَمِيُّ،Wail
He said: "Alqama ibn Wail al-Hadrami.
قَدِمَHeعَلَىcameرَسُولِtoاللَّهِ،theصَلَّىMessengerاللَّهُofعَلَيْهِGod,وَسَلَّمَ،peace
He came to the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him,
فَأَمَرَنِيandأَنْheأَنْطَلِقَcommandedبِهِmeإِلَىtoمَنْزِلِsetرَجُلٍoutمِنَwithالْأَنْصَارِhimأُنْزِلُهُtoعَلَيْهِ،the
and he commanded me to take him to the house of a man from the Ansar to lodge him there.
فَانْطَلَقْتُSoمَعَهُIوَهُوَsetعَلَىoutنَاقَتِهِwithوَأَنَاhimأَمْشِيwhileفِيheسَاعَةٍwasحَارَّةٍonوَلَيْسَhisعَلَيَّcamelحِذَاءٌ،and
So I set out with him while he was on his camel and I was walking in a hot hour with no shoes on my feet.
فَقُلْتُ:SoاحْمِلْنِيIيَاsaid:عَمِّ"Carryمِنْme,هَذَاuncle,الْحَرِّfromفَإِنَّهُthisلَيْسَheat,عَلَيَّforحِذَاءٌ.I
So I said: "Carry me, O uncle, from this heat, for I have no shoes."
فَقَالَ:Heلَسْتَsaid:مِنْ"Youأَرْدَافِareالْمُلُوكِ.not
He said: "You are not of the riders of kings."
قُلْتُ:Iأَنَاsaid:ابْنُ"Iأَبِيamسُفْيَانَ،the
I said: "I am the son of Abi Sufyan."
قَالَ:Heقَدْsaid:سَمِعْتُ"Iرَسُولَhaveاللَّهِ،heardصَلَّىtheاللَّهُMessengerعَلَيْهِofوَسَلَّمَ،God,يَقُولُpeaceذَلِكَ.and
He said: "I heard the Messenger of God, peace and blessings be upon him, saying that."
قَالَHeفَقُلْتُ:said,أَلْقِsoإِلَيَّIنَعْلَيْكَ.said:
He said, so I said: "Throw your sandals to me."
قَالَ:Heلَاsaid:تُقِلُّهُمَا"Doقَدَمَاكَ،notوَلَكِنْletامْشِyourفِيfeetظِلِّcarryنَاقَتِيthem,وَكَفَىbutلَكَwalkبِذَلِكَinشَرَفاً،theوَإِنَّshadowالظِّلَّofلَكَmyلَكَثِيرٌ.camel,
He said: "Do not let your feet carry them, but walk in the shadow of my camel, and that is honor enough for you, and the shadow is abundant for you."
فَمَاSoمَرَّthereبِيhasمِثْلُnotذَلِكَpassedالْيَوْمِ.by
So no day like that has ever passed by me.
ثُمَّThenأَدْرَكَmyسُلْطَانِيauthorityفَلَمْcameأُؤَاخِذْهُabout,بِذَلِكَandبَلْIأَجْلَسْتُهُdidعَلَىnotسَرِيرِيholdهَذَاhimوَقَضَيْتُaccountableحَوَائِجَهُ.for
Then when my authority came about, I did not hold him accountable for that, but rather I seated him on this couch of mine and fulfilled his needs.
وَمِنْهُمْAndدُرَيْدُamongبْنُthemالصِّمَّةِisبْنِDuraydغَزِيَّةَibnوَكَانَal-SimmaمِنَibnالْمُعَمَّرِينَGhaziyya,
And among them is Durayd ibn al-Simma ibn Ghaziyya, and he was one of the long-lived ones.
قَالَ:Heيَاsaid:بُنَيَّ"Oأُوصِيكُمْmyبِالنَّاسِlittleشَرّاً،son,
He said: "O my little son, I advise you regarding people with evil,
لَاdoتَتْبَعُواnotلَهُمْpursueخَيْراً،any
do not pursue any good for them,
كَلِمُوهُمْspeakنَزْراًtoوَالْحَظُوهُمْthemشَزْراًsparsely,
speak to them sparsely, look at them with disdain,
وَلَاandتَقْبَلُواdoلَهُمْnotعُذْراًacceptوَلَاanyتُقِيلُوهُمْexcuseعَثْرَةً،from
and do not accept any excuse from them, nor overlook any stumble for them.
ثُمَّThenأَنْشَأَheيَقُولُ:began
Then he began to recite:
يَا"Oرُبَّmanyنَهْبٍaصَالِحٍrighteousحَوَيْتُهُplunder...didوَرُبَّIغَيْلٍgather...حَسَنٍAndلَوَيْتُهُmany
O many a righteous plunder did I gather... And many a good valley did I twist...
لَوْIfكَانَTimeلِلدَّهْرِhadبِلًىaأَبْلَيْتُهُwear,...Iأَوْwouldكَانَhaveقِرْناًwornوَاحِداًitكَفَيْتُهُout...
If Time had a wear, I would have worn it out... Or if it were a single opponent, I would have sufficed against him.
الْيَوْمَTodayيُبْنَىisلِدُرَيْدٍDurayd'sبَيْتُهُhouse
Today Durayd's house is being built
[مَحَاسِنُ[Theذِكْرِvirtuesالتَّنَعُّمِ]of
[The Virtues of Mentioning Luxury]
يُضْرَبُTheالْمَثَلُproverbبِخُرَيْمٍisالنَّاعِمِ،citedوَهُوَbyخُرَيْمُKhuraymبْنُal-Na'im,عَمْرٍوandمِنْheبَنِيisمُرَّةَKhuraymبْنِibnعَوْفٍ،Amr
The proverb is cited regarding Khuraym al-Na'im, and he is Khuraym ibn Amr from Banu Murra ibn Awf.
قِيلَHeلَهُwasالنَّاعِمُcalledلِأَنَّهُal-Na'imكَانَbecauseيَلْبَسُheالْخَلَقَusedفِيtoالصَّيْفِwearوَالْجَدِيدَworn-outفِيclothesالشِّتَاءِ.in
He was called al-Na'im because he used to wear worn-out clothes in the summer and new clothes in the winter.
وَسَأَلَهُAndالْحَجَّاجُ:al-Hajjajمَاaskedالنِّعْمَةُ؟him:
And al-Hajjaj asked him: "What is luxury?"
قَالَ:Heالْأَمْنُsaid:فَإِنِّي"Security,رَأَيْتُforالْخَائِفَIلَاhaveيَنْتَفِعُseenبِنَفْسِهِthatوَلَاtheبِعَيْشِهِ.fearful
He said: "Security, for I have seen that the fearful person does not benefit himself nor his life."
قَالَ:Heزِدْنِي.said: "Tell me more."
He said: "Tell me more."
قَالَ:Heالْغِنَىsaid:فَإِنِّي"Wealth,رَأَيْتُforالْفَقِيرَIلَاhaveيَنْتَفِعُseenبِعَيْشٍ.that
He said: "Wealth, for I have seen that the poor person does not benefit from life."
قَالَ:Heزِدْنِي.said: "Tell me more."
He said: "Tell me more."
قَالَ:Heالصِّحَّةُsaid:فَإِنِّي"Health,رَأَيْتُforالسَّقِيمَIلَاhaveيَنْتَفِعُseenبِعَيْشٍ.that
He said: "Health, for I have seen that the sick person does not benefit from life."
قَالَ:Heزِدْنِي.said: "Tell me more."
He said: "Tell me more."
قَالَ:Heالشَّبَابُsaid:فَإِنِّي"Youth,رَأَيْتُforالشَّيْخَIلَاhaveيَنْتَفِعُseenبِعَيْشٍ.that
He said: "Youth, for I have seen that the old man does not benefit from life."
قَالَ:Heزِدْنِي.said: "Tell me more."
He said: "Tell me more."
قَالَ:Heلَاsaid:أَجِدُ"Iمَزِيداً.find
He said: "I find no more."
قَالَ:Heوَقَالَsaid:زِيَادٌAndلِجُلَسَائِهِ:Ziyad
He said: And Ziyad said to his companions:
مَنْ"Whoأَنْعَمُisالنَّاسِtheعَيْشاً؟most
"Who is the most luxurious of people in life?"
قَالُوا:Theyأَمِيرُsaid:الْمُؤْمِنِينَ."The
They said: "The Commander of the Faithful."
قَالَ:Heهَيْهَاتَsaid:فَأَيْنَ"Farمَاfromيَلْقَىit!مِنَSoالرَّعِيَّةِ؟where
He said: "Far from it! So where is what he encounters from the subjects?"
قَالُوا:Theyفَأَنْتَsaid:أَيُّهَا"Thenالْأَمِيرُ.you
They said: "Then you, O Prince."
قَالَ:Heفَأَيْنَsaid:مَا"Thenيَرِدُwhereعَلَيَّisمِنَwhatالثُّغُورِcomesوَالْخَرَاجِ؟to
He said: "Then where is what comes to me from the borderlands and the land tax?
بَلْRather,أَنْعَمُtheالنَّاسِmostعَيْشاًluxuriousشَابٌّofلَهُpeopleسِدَادٌinمِنْlifeعَيْشٍisوَحَظٌّaمِنْyoungدِينٍmanوَامْرَأَةٌwhoحَسْنَاءُhasرَضِيَهَاcompetenceوَرَضِيَتْهُinلَاliving,يَعْرِفُنَاaوَلَاshareنَعْرِفُهُ.of
Rather, the most luxurious of people in life is a young man who has competence in living, a share of religion, a beautiful woman whom he is pleased with and who is pleased with him, who does not know us and whom we do not know."
قَالَHeوَقَالَsaidعَمْرُandبْنُAmrالْعَاصِibnلِمُعَاوِيَةَ:al-As
He said: And Amr ibn al-As said to Mu'awiya:
يَا"OأَمِيرَCommanderالْمُؤْمِنِينَofمَاtheبَقِيَFaithful,مِنْwhatشَبَابِكَremainsوَتَلَذُّذِكَ؟of
"O Commander of the Faithful, what remains of your youth and your enjoyment?"
قَالَ:Heوَاللَّهِsaid:مَا"ByبَقِيَGod,شَيْءٌnothingيُصِيبُهُremainsالنَّاسُthatمِنَpeopleالدُّنْيَاobtainإِلَّاfromوَقَدْtheأَصَبْتُهُ،world
He said: "By God, nothing remains that people obtain from the world except that I have obtained it.
أَمَّاAsالنِّسَاءُforفَلَاwomen,إِرْبَIلِيhaveفِيهِنَّnoوَلَاdesireلَهُنَّforفِيَّ،them
As for women, I have no desire for them nor do they have any desire for me.
وَأَمَّاAndالطِّيبُasفَقَدْforشَمَمْتُهُperfume,حَتَّىIمَاhaveأُبَالِيsmelledبِهِ،it
And as for perfume, I have smelled it until I no longer care for it.
وَأَمَّاAndالثِّيَابُasفَقَدْforلَبِسْتُclothes,مِنْIلَيِّنِهَاhaveوَجَيِّدِهَاwornحَتَّىtheirمَاsoftأُبَالِيandمَاfineأَلْبَسُ،ones
And as for clothes, I have worn their soft and fine ones until I no longer care what I wear.
فَمَاSoشَيْءٌnothingأَلَذُّisعِنْدِيmoreمِنْdelightfulشَرْبَةٍtoبَارِدَةٍmeفِيthanيَوْمٍaصَائِفٍcoldوَنَظَرِيdrinkإِلَىonبَنِيَّaوَبَنِيhotبَنِيَّdayيَدْرُجُونَandحَوْلِي،my
So nothing is more delightful to me than a cold drink on a hot day and looking at my children and my grandchildren walking around me.
فَأَنْتَSoيَاyou,عَمْرُوOمَاAmr,بَقِيَwhatمِنْremainsلَذَّتِكَ؟of
So you, O Amr, what remains of your enjoyment?
قَالَ:Heأَرْضٌsaid:أَغْرِسُهَا"LandفَآكُلُwhichمِنْIثَمَرِهَاplantوَأَنْتَفِعُsoبِغَلَّتِهَا.I
He said: "Land which I plant so I eat from its fruit and benefit from its yield."
ثُمَّThenالْتَفَتَMu'awiyaمُعَاوِيَةُturnedإِلَىtoوَرْدَانَWardanفَقَالَ:andيَاsaid:وُرَيْدُ"OمَاWurayd,بَقِيَwhatمِنْremainsلَذَّتِكَ؟of
Then Mu'awiya turned to Wardan and said: "O Wurayd, what remains of your enjoyment?"
قَالَ:Heصَنَائِعُsaid:كَرِيمَةٌ"NobleأَعْتَقِدُهَاdeedsفِيwhichأَعْنَاقِIالرِّجَالِplaceلَاuponيُكَافِئُونِيtheعَلَيْهَاnecksتَكُونُofلِأَعْقَابِيmen,مِنْwhichبَعْدِي.they
He said: "Noble deeds which I place upon the necks of men, for which they do not reward me, so they are for my descendants after me."
فَقَالَSoمُعَاوِيَةُ:Mu'awiyaتُبّاًsaid:لِهَذَا"Woeالْمَجْلِسِtoيَغْلِبُنَاthisعَلَيْهِassembly,هَذَاthisالْعَبْدُ!slave
So Mu'awiya said: "Woe to this assembly, this slave overcomes us in it!"
قَالَHeوَقَالَsaidقُتَيْبَةُandبْنُQutaybaمُسْلِمٍibnلِوَكِيعِMuslimبْنِsaidأَبِيtoسُوودٍ:Waki' ibn Abi Suwd:
He said and Qutayba ibn Muslim said to Waki' ibn Abi Suwd:
مَا"Whatالسُّرُورُ؟is
"What is joy?"
قَالَ:Heلِوَاءٌsaid:مَنْشُورٌ"Aوَجُلُوسٌspreadعَلَىbannerالسَّرِيرِandوَالسَّلَامُsittingعَلَيْكَonأَيُّهَاtheالْأَمِيرُ.couch
He said: "A spread banner, sitting on the couch, and 'Peace be upon you, O Prince.'"
وَقَالَAndلِحُضَيْنِheبْنِsaidالْمُنْذِرِ:toمَاHudhaynالسُّرُورُ؟ibn
And he said to Hudhayn ibn al-Mundhir: "What is joy?"
قَالَ:Heامْرَأَةٌsaid:حَسْنَاءُ"Aفِيbeautifulدَارٍwomanقَوْرَاءَinوَفَرَسٌaبِالْفِنَاءِ.spacious
He said: "A beautiful woman in a spacious house and a horse in the courtyard."
وَقِيلَAndلِرَجُلٍitمِنْwasبَنِيsaidقُشَيْرٍ:toمَاaالسُّرُورُ؟man
And it was said to a man from Banu Qushayr: "What is joy?"
قَالَ:Heالْأَمْنُsaid:وَالْعَافِيَةُ."Security
He said: "Security and well-being."
قَالَ:Heصَدَقْتَ.said: "You have spoken the truth."
He said: "You have spoken the truth."
وَقَدْAndقِيلَ:itالْعَيْشُhasفِيbeenسَعَةِsaid:الرِّزْقِLifeوَصِحَّةِisالْجِسْمِinوَإِقْبَالِabundanceالزَّمَانِofوَعِزِّprovision,السُّلْطَانِsoundnessوَمُعَاشَرَةِofالْإِخْوَانِ.body,
And it has been said: Life is in abundance of provision, soundness of body, the turning of time with favor, might of authority, and associating with brothers.
وَقِيلَ:Andنَعِيمُitالْمُتَوَسِّطِينَwasلَوْنٌsaid:مُشْبَعٌTheوَكَأْسٌluxuryمُتْرَعٌofوَصَدِيقٌpeopleمُمْتِعٌofوَغِنًىmoderateمُقْنِعٌ.means
And it was said: The luxury of people of moderate means is a satisfying meal, a brimful cup, an enjoyable friend, and a sufficient wealth.
وَقِيلَ:Andرَاحَةُitالْبَدَنِwasالنَّوْمُ،said:وَرَاحَةُTheالدَّارِrestأَنْofتَسْكُنَ.the
And it was said: The rest of the body is sleep, and the rest of the house is that you dwell in it.
وَقَالَAndبَعْضُهُمْ:someلَيْسَofسُرُورُthemالنَّفْسِsaid:بِالْجِدَّةِTheإِنَّمَاjoyسُرُورُهَاofبِالْأَمَلِ.the
And some of them said: The joy of the soul is not in new wealth, rather its joy is in hope.
وَقِيلَAndلِبَعْضِهِمْ:itأَيُّwasالْأُمُورِsaidأَمْتَعُ؟to
And it was said to some of them: "Which matters are most enjoyable?"
قَالَ:Heالْأَمَانِيُّ،said:وَأَنْشَدَ"Hopes,فِيandذَلِكَ:he
He said: "Hopes," and he recited regarding that:
إِذَا"Whenتَمَنَّيْتَyouبِتُّwish,اللَّيْلَyouمُغْتَبِطاًspend...theإِنَّnightالْمُنَىrejoicing...رَأْسُIndeed,أَمْوَالِhopesالْمَفَالِيسِare
When you wish, you spend the night rejoicing... Indeed, hopes are the capital of the bankrupt.
لَوْلَاHadالْمُنَىitمُتُّnotمِنْbeenهَمٍّforوَمِنْhopes,جَزَعٍI...wouldإِذَاhaveتَذَكَّرْتَdiedمَاofفِيgriefدَاخِلِandالْكِيسِpanic...
Had it not been for hopes, I would have died of grief and panic... When you remembered what is inside the purse.
وَقِيلَAndلِعَبْدِitاللَّهِwasبْنِsaidالْأَهْتَمِ:toمَاAbdullahالسُّرُورُ؟ibn
And it was said to Abdullah ibn al-Ahtam: "What is joy?"
قَالَ:Heرَفْعُsaid:الْأَوْلِيَاءِ"Elevatingوَحَطُّtheالْأَعْدَاءِ.friends
He said: "Elevating the friends and lowering the enemies."
وَقَالَAndبَعْضُهُمْ:someالسُّرُورُofتَوْقِيعٌthemنَافِذٌsaid:وَأَمْرٌJoyجَائِزٌ.is
And some of them said: Joy is an effective signature and a permitted command.
وَقَالَAndعَبْدُAbd al-RahmanالرَّحْمَنِibnبْنُAbiأَبِيBakrبَكْرٍ:said:السُّرُورُJoyإِدْرَاكُisالْأَمَانِيِّ.attaining
And Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr said: Joy is attaining hopes.
وَقَالَAndآخَرُ:anotherالسُّرُورُsaid:مُعَانَقَةُJoyالْأَحِبَّةِisوَالرُّجُوعُembracingإِلَىlovedالْكِفَايَةِ.ones
And another said: Joy is embracing loved ones and returning to sufficiency.
وَقَالَAndبَعْضُهُمْ:someالْعَيْشُofمُحَادَثَةُthemالْإِخْوَانِsaid:وَالْانْتِقَالُLifeإِلَىisكِفَايَةٍ.conversing
And some of them said: Life is conversing with brothers and moving on to sufficiency.