والْإِحْسَانِAnd benevolenceقَدْmayيَكُونَbeوَاجِبًاobligatory،,وَقَدْand mayيَكُونَbeمُسْتَحَبًّاrecommendedمَنْدُوبًاencouragedإِلَيْهِto it؛;فَمَاSo whatكَانَwasيَتَوَقَّفُdependsعَلَيْهِon itأَدَاءَthe performanceالْوَاجِبِof the obligation;;فَهُوَit isوَاجِبٌ؛obligatory;وَمَاand whatكَانَwasزَائِدًاextraعَلَىonذَٰلِكَ؛that;فَهُوَit isمُسْتَحَبٌّ .recommended.
Benevolence may be obligatory, and it may be recommended; what depends on the performance of the obligation is obligatory, and what is additional to that is recommended.
وَبِنَاءًAnd basedعَلَىonذَٰلِكَthat؛;نَقُولُwe say( وَأَحْسِنُوا )(And do good)::فِعْلٌa commandأَمْرٌactionمُسْتَعْمَلٌusedفِيinالْوَاجِبِthe obligationوَالْمُسْتَحَبِّ .and the recommended.
And based on that, we say: (And do good): it is a command used in the obligatory and the recommended.
والْإِحْسَانُAnd benevolenceيَكُونُisفِيinعِبَادَةِthe worshipاللَّهِ،of God,وَيَكُونُand it isفِيinمُعَامَلَةِtreatingالْخَلْقِ؛the creation;فَالْإِحْسَانُfor benevolenceفِيinعِبَادَةِthe worshipاللَّهِof Godفُسِّرَwas explainedالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetﷺ(peace be upon him)حِينَwhenسُئِلَhe was askedجِبْرِيلُ،Gabriel,فَقَالَ:he said:مَاWhatالْإِحْسَانُ؟is benevolence?
And benevolence is in the worship of God, and it is in treating creation; for benevolence in the worship of God was explained by the Prophet (peace be upon him) when he was asked by Gabriel, he said: What is benevolence?
قَالَ:He said:أَنْthatتَعْبُدَyou worshipاللَّهَGod,كَأَنَّكَas if youتَرَاهُsee Himوَهَذَاand thisأَكْمَلُis more completeمِنَthanالَّذِيthe one whoبَعْدَهُ؛after it;لِأَنَّbecauseالَّذِيthe one whoيَعْبُدُworshipsاللَّهَGodكَأَنَّهُas if heيَرَاهُsees Himيَعْبُدُهُworships Himعِبَادَةًa worshipطَلَبًاwith desireوَرَغْبَةً؛and longing;فَإِنْfor ifلَمْnotتَكُنْyou reachتَرَاهُ؛see Him;فَإِنَّهُthen Heيَرَاكَ؛sees you;أَيْ:that is:فَإِنْifلَمْnotتَصِلْyou reachإِلَىtoهَذِهِthisالْحَالِ؛condition;فَاعْلَمْthen knowأَنَّهُthat Heيَرَاكَ،sees you,وَالَّذِيand the one whoيَعْبُدُworshipsاللَّهَGodعَلَىonهَذِهِthisالْمَرْتَبَةِlevelيَعْبُدُهُworships Himعِبَادَةًwith worshipخَوْفٍwith fearوَهَرَبٍ؛and escape;لِأَنَّهُbecauseيَخَافُfearsمِمَّنْfrom whomيَرَاهُ .sees him.
He said: 'That you worship God as if you see Him; this is more complete than the one after it; because the one who worships God as if he sees Him worships Him with desire and longing; and if you cannot see Him; then know that He sees you; that is: if you cannot reach this condition; then know that He sees you, and the one who worships God at this level worships Him with fear and escape; because he fears from whom sees him.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forالإِحْسَانِbenevolenceبِالنِّسْبَةِwith respectلِمُعَامَلَةِto the treatment ofالْخَلْقِ؟the creation?فَقِيلَIt was saidفِيinتَفْسِيرِهِ:interpretation:بَذْلِto giveالْندى،generosity,وَكَفِّand to refrainالْأَذَى،harm,وَطَلَاقَةِand opennessالْوَجْهِ.of the face.
And as for benevolence regarding the treatment of creation? It was said in its interpretation: to give generosity, to refrain from harm, and to have an openness of face.
جَهَالَةً .Ignorance.
Ignorance.
بَذْلُTo giveالْنَّدَىgenerosity;أَيthat isالْمَعْرُوفَ؛the good;سَوَاءًWhetherكَانَit isمَالِيًّاfinancialأَمْorبَدَنِيًّاphysicalأَمْorكَفٍّto refrainالْأَذَىfrom harm.
To give generosity; that is the good; whether it is financial or physical or refraining from harm.
وَطَلَاقَةُAnd opennessالْوَجْهِ:of the face:أَنْthatلَاnotتَكُونَbeعَبُوسًاscowlingعِندَwhenالنَّاس،the people,لَكِنْbutأَحْيَانًاsometimesالْإِنْسَانُa personيَغْضَبُgets angryوَيَعْبَسُ،and frowns,فَنَقُولُ:so we say:هَذَاthisلِسَبَبٍ،for a reason,وَقَدْand mayيَكُونَbeمِنْof(۱)(1)رَوَاهُreportedمُسْلِمٌMuslim(۸)(8)عَنْfromعُمَرَOmarبْنِbinالْخَطَّابِAl-Khattabرَضيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ .may Allah be pleased with him.
And openness of the face: that you may not be scowling in front of people, but sometimes a person gets angry and frowns, and we say: this for a reason, and it may be from (1) reported by Muslim (8) from Omar bin Al-Khattab may Allah be pleased with him.