نَقُولُWe say::عَدَمَThe lack ofنَقْلِtransferمَاwhatيُخَالِفُcontradictsظَاهِرَهَاits apparent meaningعَنْهُمْfrom themدَلِيلٌis evidenceالإِجْمَاعِthe consensus
We say: the lack of transferring what contradicts its apparent meaning from them is evidence of the consensus.
مَاWhatنَسْتَفِيدُهُwe benefitمِنَfromالْنَّاحِيَةِthe aspectالْمَسْلَكِيَّةِbehavioralفِيinإِثْبَاتِprovingصِفَةِattributeالْمَكَرِcunningوَandالْكَيْدِdeceptionوَالْمُحَالِand unreasonableness
What we benefit from the behavioral aspect in proving the attribute of cunning and deception and unreasonable actions.
المَكْرُCunning::يَسْتَفيدُis benefited byبِهِfrom itالإِنْسَانُa personبِالنِّسْبَةِwith respect toلِأَمْرٍthe matterالْمَسْلَكِيِّbehavioralمُرَاقَبَةِwatchfulnessاللَّهِAllahسُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىExalted and Most Highوَandعَدَمِthe lack ofالتَّحَيُّلِdeceivingعَلَىonمَحَارِمِهِHis prohibitions,,وَمَاand whatأَكْثَرَis moreالمُتَحَيِّلِينَdeceiversعَلَىonالمَحَارِمِthe prohibitions
Cunning is benefited by a person with respect to the behavioral matter of watchfulness of Allah, Exalted and Most High, and the lack of deceiving His prohibitions; and how many are the deceivers of the prohibitions!
فَهذاSo theseالمُتَحَيِّلونَdeceiversعَلَىonالمَحَارِمِthe prohibitionsإِذَاIfعَلِمُواthey knowأَنَّthatاللَّهَAllahتَعَالَىExaltedخَيْرٌis betterمِنْهُمْthan themمَكْراًin cunning,,وَأَسْرَعُand swifterمِنْهُمْthan themمَكْراًin cunning;فَإنَّthenذَٰلِكَthatيَسْتَلْزِمُrequiresأَنْthatيَنْتَهُواthey refrainعَنْfromالْمَكْرِcunning
So these deceivers of the prohibitions, if they know that Allah, Exalted, is better than them in cunning, and swifter than them in cunning; then that requires that they refrain from cunning.
رُبَّمَاPerhapsيَفْعَلُa person doesالإِنْسَانُthe personشَيْئاًsomethingفِيمَاin whatيَظْهَرُit seemsلِلنَّاسِto peopleأَنَّهُthat it isجَائِزٌpermissibleلَاnotبَأْسٌbadبِهِwith it,,لَكِنَّهُbut itعِندَwith Allahلَيْسَis notبِجَائِزٍpermissible,,فَيَخَافُso he fears,,وَيَحْذَرُand is cautious
Perhaps a person does something that seems to people to be permissible and not harmful; but with Allah, it is not permissible, so he fears and is cautious.
وَهَذَاAnd thisلَهُhasأَمْثِلَةٌexamplesكَثِيرَةٌmanyجِدًّاveryفِيinالْبَيْوعِthe salesوَالْأَنْكِحَةِand marriagesوَغَيْرِهَاand others
And this has many examples in the sales and marriages and others.
مَثَالٌAn exampleذَٰلِكَof thatفِيinالْبَيْوعِthe salesرَجُلٌa manجَاءَcameإِلَىtoآخَرَanother؛;قَالَhe said::أَقْرِضْنِيLoan meعَشَرَةَtenآلافٍthousandsدِرْهَمٍdirhams..قَالَHe said::لَاNoأَقْرِضُكَI will loan youإِلَّاexceptبِاثْنَيْwith twelveعَشَرَtenأَلْفٍthousand!!وَهَذَاAnd thisرِبًاis usuryوَحَرَامٌand is forbiddenسَيَتَجَنَّبُهُhe will avoidلِأَنَّهُbecause heيَعْرِفُknowsأَنَّهُthat it isرِبًاusuryصَرِيحٌexplicitلَكِنَّbutبَاعَhe soldعَلَيْهِto himسِلْعَةًa commodityبِاثْنَي عَشَرَfor twelveأَلْفٍthousandمُؤَجَّلَةًdeferredإِلَىtoسَنَةٍa yearبَيْعًاa saleتَامًّاcomplete,,وَكَتَبُواand wroteالْوَثِيقَةَthe documentبَيْنَهُمَاbetween them,,ثُمَّthenإِنْifالْبَائِعُthe sellerأَتَىcameإِلَىtoالْمُشْتَرِيthe buyer,,وَقَالَand he said::بِعْنِيSell it to meبِعَشَرَةٍfor tenآلافًاthousandsنَقْدًاcash..فَقَالَHe said::بِعْتُكَI sold youإِيَّاهَاit..وَكَتَبُواAnd they wroteبَيْنَهُمَاbetween themوَثِيقَةًa documentبِالْبَيْعِfor the sale,,فَظَاهَرَSo it appearsهَذَاthisالْبَيْعُsaleالصَّحَّةُvalidityوَلَكِنَّbutنَقُولُwe say::هَذِهِthisحِيلَةٌis a trick؛;فَإنَّfor ifهَذَاthisلِمَاbecauseعَرَفَhe knewأَنَّهُthat it isلَاnotيَجُوزُallowedأَنْtoيُعْطِيَهُgive himعَشَرَةَtenآلافًاthousandsبِاثْنَيْ عَشَرَwith twelveأَلْفٍthousand؛;قَالَhe said::أَبِيعُI sellالسِّلْعَةَthe commodityعَلَيْهِto himبِاثْنَي عَشَرَfor twelveعَشَرَtenوَأَشْتَرِيَهَاand I will buy itنَقْدًاin cashبِعَشَرَةٍfor ten!!
An example of that in the sales: a man came to another; he said: Loan me ten thousand dirhams. He said: I will loan you nothing except with twelve thousand! And this is usury and forbidden; he will avoid it because he knows that it is explicit usury. But he sold him a commodity for twelve thousand deferred to a year, a complete sale, and wrote the document between them, then if the seller came to the buyer, and said: Sell it to me for ten thousand cash. He said: I sold you it. And they wrote between them a document for the sale!