وَصْفُdescriptionالمَحمُودِthe praisedبالكَمَالِwith perfectionمَعَwithالمَحَبَّةِloveوَالتَّعْظِيمِand glorification
The description of the praised one is with perfection, love, and glorification.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd his saying: لِلَّهِ: For Allah::اللامُThe 'lam'هُنَاhereلِلِاسْتِحْقَاقِis for deservingوَالِاخْتِصَاصِand specialization
And His saying: 'For Allah': The 'lam' here is for deserving and specialization.
لِلِاسْتِحْقَاقِFor deserving؛;لأنَّbecauseاللَّهَAllahتَعَالَىthe Exaltedيُحْمَدُis praisedوَهُوَand He isأَهْلٌworthyلِلْحَمِيدِof praiseوَandالْاخْتِصَاصِspecialization
For deserving; because Allah the Exalted is praised and He is worthy of praise and specialization.
وَالحَمْدُAnd the praiseالَّذِيwhichيُحْمَدُis praisedاللَّهُAllahبَهِby Himلَيْسَis notكَالحَمْدِlike the praiseالَّذِيthatيُحْمَدُis praisedبِهْby himغَيْرُهُothers، بَلْbutهُوَit isأَكْمَلُmore completeوَأَعْظَمُand greaterوَأَعْمُand more comprehensiveوَأَشْمَلُand more inclusive
And the praise that Allah is praised by is not like the praise that is praised by others; but it is more complete, greater, more comprehensive, and more inclusive.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying: ( الَّذِي: ( whichلَمْdid notيَتَّخِذْtakeوَلَدًاa son
And His saying: (which did not take a son)
هَذَاThisمِنْis fromالصِّفَاتِthe attributesالسَّلْبِيَّةِnegative
This is from the negative attributes.
لَمْdid notيَتَّخِذْtakeوَلَدًاa son؛;لِكَمَالِfor the completenessصِفَاتِهِof His attributesوَكَمَالِand the fullnessغِنَاهُof His wealthعَنْfromغَيْرِهِothers،,وَلأَنَّهُand becauseلاthere is noمَثِيلٌsimilarلَهُto Him؛;فَلَوْifاتَّخَذَhe tookوَلَدًاa son؛;لَكَانَhe would beالْوَلَدُthe childمِثْلَهُlike himلَوْifكَانَwasلَهُto himوَلَدٌa son؛;لَكَانَhe would beمُحْتَاجًاin needإِلَىtoالْوَلَدِthe childيُسَاعِدُهُto help himوَيُعِينُهُand support him،,لَوْifكَانَwasلَهُto himوَلَدٌa son;;لَكَانَhe would beنَاقِصًاdeficient؛;لأَنَّهُbecauseإِذَاifشَابَهَهُone similar to himأَحَدٌoneمِنْofخَلْقِهِHis creation؛;فَهُوَso he isنَقْصٌa deficiency
He did not take a son; for the completeness of His attributes and the completeness of His wealth from others, and because there is no similarity to Him; for if he took a son; the son would be like him if he had a son; he would be in need of the son to help and support him, if he had a son; he would be deficient; because if anyone is similar to His creation; it is a deficiency.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying::﴿﴿وَلَدًاa son؛;يُشْمَلُincludesالذَّكَرَthe maleوَالْأُنْثَىand the female؛;فِيهِso in itرَدٌّis a refutationعَلَىagainstالْيَهُودِthe Jewsوَالْنَّصَارَىand the Christiansوَالْمُشْرِكِينَand the polytheists
And His saying: 'a son'; includes the male and the female; so in it is a refutation against the Jews, Christians, and polytheists.
الْيَهُودُThe Jewsقَالُواsaidلِلَّهِfor Allahوَلَدٌa son،,وَهُوَand He isعُزَيْرٌUzair،,وَالْنَّصَارَىAnd the Christiansقَالُواsaidلِلَّهِfor Allahوَلَدٌa son،,وَهُوَand He isالْمَسِيحُthe Messiah!!وَالْمُشْرِكُونَAnd the polytheistsقَالُواsaidلِلَّهِfor Allahوَلَدٌa sonوَهُمْand theyالْمَلَائِكَةُthe angels!!
The Jews said: 'for Allah, a son', and He is Uzair; and the Christians said: 'for Allah, a son', and He is the Messiah! And the polytheists said: 'for Allah, a son', and they are the angels!
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying::﴿﴿وَلَوْAnd if notيَكُنَwould beلَمُرُone withشَرِيكٌpartnerفِيinالْمُلْكِthe kingdom
And His saying: 'And if not, there would be a partner in the kingdom'
هَذَاThisمَعْطُوفٌis attachedعَلَىtoقَوْلُهُHis saying::﴿﴿لَمْdid notيَتَّخِذْtakeوَلَدًاa son؛;يَعْنِيmeaning::وَالَّذِيand whichلَمْdid notيَكُنْisلَهُfor himشَرِيكٌpartnerفِيinالْمُلْكِthe kingdom؛;لَاnoفِيinالْخَلْقِthe creation،,وَلَاand notفِيinالْمُلْكِthe kingdom،,وَلَاand notفِيinالتَّدْبِيرِthe management
This is attached to His saying: 'did not take a son'; meaning: and which is not for him a partner in the kingdom; neither in creation, nor in the kingdom, nor in management.
كُلُّAllمَاthat whichسِوَىother thanاللَّهِAllah؛;فَهُوَso he isمَخْلُوقٌcreatedلِلَّهِfor Allahمَمْلُوكٌownedلَهُto Him،,يُدَبِّرُهُHe manages itكَمَاas
All that which is other than Allah; so he is created for Allah and owned by Him, He manages it as...