فَالْصِّفَاتُSo the attributesالذَّاتِيَّةُof the essenceهِيَareالَّتِيthatلَمْnotيَزَلْceaseوَلَاand notيَزَالُstillمُتَّصِفاًcharacterizedبِهَاby them,,وَهِيَand they areنَوْعَانِtwo types::مَعْنَوِيَّةٌabstractوandخَبَرِيَّةٌattributive::فَالْمَعْنَوِيَّةُ؛As for the abstract;مَثَلُlike::الْحَيَاةُ،life,وَالْعِلْمُand knowledgeوَالْقُدْرَةُ،and power,وَالْحِكْمَةُand wisdom...وَمَاand whatأَشْبَهَis similarذَٰلِكَ،to that,وَهَذَاand thisعَلَىis asسَبيلِan exampleالتَّمْثِيلِof representationلَاnotالْحَصْرُ.limited.
So the attributes of the essence are those that have never ceased and still are characterized by them. They are two types: abstract and attributive.
وَالْخَبَرِيَّةُ؛And the attributive;مَثَلُlike::الْيَدَيْنِthe handsوَالْوَجْهُand the faceوَالْعَيْنَيْنِand the eyes...وَمَاand whatأَشْبَهَis similarذَٰلِكَto thatمِمَّاof whatسَمَّاهُ،He called it,نَظِيرُهُits counterpartأَبْعَاضٌpartsوَأَجْزَاءٌand entities for us.
And the attributive; such as the hands, the face, and the eyes... and what is similar to that of what has been called, its counterpart being parts and entities for us.
فَاللَّهُSo Allahتَعَالَىthe Exaltedلَمْhas notيَزَلْceaseلَهُfor Himيَدَانِtwo handsوَوَجْهٌand a faceوَعَيْنَانِ،and two eyes,لَمْdid notيَحْدُثْhappenلَهُfor Himشَيْءٌanythingمِنْofذَٰلِكَthatبَعْدَafterأَنْthatلَمْwas notيَكُن،exist,وَلَنْand will notيَنْفَكَّceaseعَنْfromشَيْءٌanythingمِنْهُ؛from it;كَمَاasأَنْthatاللَّهُAllahلَمْhas notيَزَلْceaseحَيّاًaliveوَلَاand notيَزَالُis stillحَيّاً،alive,لَمْhas notيَزَلْceaseعَالِماًknowledgeableوَلَاand notيَزَالُis stillعَالِماً،knowledgeable,وَلَمْand has notيَزَلْceaseقَادِرًاableوَلَاand notيَزَالُis stillقَادِرًاable...وَهَكَذَا؛And so;يَعْنِيmeans::لَيْسَnotحَيَاتُهُHis lifeتَتَجَدَّدُ،is renewed,وَلَاand notقُدْرَتُهُHis powerتَتَجَدَّدُ،is renewed,وَلَاand notسَمْعُهُHis hearingيَتَجَدَّدُ،is renewed,بَلْbutهُوَHe isمَوْصُوفٌdescribedبِهَذَاby thisأَزَلًاeternallyوَأَبَدًا،and forever,وَتَجَدُّدُand the renewalالْمَسْمُوعِof the heardلَاdoes notيَسْتَلْزِمُnecessitateتَجَدُّدَthe renewalالسَّمْعِ؛of hearing;فَأَنَاSo Iمَثَلًاfor example,عِنْدَمَاwhenأَسْمَعُI hearالأَذَانَthe call to prayerالْآنَ؛now;فَهَذَاthisلَيْسَis notمَعْنَاهُmeaningأَنَّهُthat itحَدَثَhappenedلِيto meسَمْعٌa new hearingجَدِيدٌnew hearingعِندَatسَمَاعِthe hearing ofالأَذَانِ،the call to prayer,بَلْbutهُوَit isمِنْذُsinceخَلَقَHe createdاللَّهُAllahفِيinلَكِنbutالْمَسْمُوعُthe heardيَتَجَدَّدُ،is renewed,وَهَذَاand thisلَاdoes notأَثَرٌaffectلَهُon itفِيinالْصِّفَةِ.the attribute.
So Allah has eternally two hands, a face, and two eyes. Nothing of those attributes occurred after they did not exist, nor will He be separated from any of them; as Allah has never ceased being alive and still is alive, never ceased being knowledgeable and still is knowledgeable, never ceased being able and still is able... and so; meaning: His life does not renew, nor does His power renew, nor does His hearing renew, rather He is eternally and always described thus. The renewal of the heard does not necessitate the renewal of hearing; for example, when I hear the call to prayer now; this does not mean that a new hearing has occurred for me upon hearing the call to prayer, but rather, it has existed since Allah created me, but the heard is renewed, and this does not have an effect on the attribute.
وَاصْطَلَحَAnd the scholarsالْعُلَمَاءُagreedرَحِمَهُمُmay Allah have mercy on themاللَّهُAllahعَلَىtoأَنْthatيَسْمُوهَاthey call itالْصِّفَاتُthe attributesالذَّاتِيَّةُ؛of the essence;قَالُواthey saidلِأَنَّهَاbecause it isمُلَازَمَةٌattachedلِلذَّاتِ،to the essence,لَاnotتَنْفَكُّseparatedعَنْهَا.from it.
And the scholars, may Allah have mercy on them, agreed that they call it the attributes of the essence; they said because it is attached to the essence and does not separate from it.
وَالصِّفَاتُAnd the attributesالْفِعْلِيَّةُof actionهِيَareالْصِّفَاتُthe attributesالْمُتَعَلِّقَةُrelatedبِمَشِيئَتِهِ،to His will,وَهِيَand they areنَوْعَانِtwo types.
And the attributes of action are the attributes related to His will, and they are two types.
صِفَاتٌAttributesلَهَاfor herسَبَبٌreasonمَعْلُومٌ؛known;مَثَلُsuch asالرَّضَا؛the satisfaction;فَاللَّهُSo Allahعَزَّ وَجَلَّthe AlmightyإِذَاifرَضِيَHe is pleasedعَنْwithشَيْءٍ؛something;فَإِنَّهُthen Heرَاضٍ؛is satisfied;وَيَكُونُand He isمُفْتَخِرًاproud
Attributes that have a known reason; such as the satisfaction; if Allah, the Almighty, is pleased with something; then He is satisfied and He is proud.