بِمُقْتَضَاهَاAccording to its requirementsفَإِنَّthenذَلِكَthatغَيْرُis notنَافِعٍbeneficialبِالْإِجْمَاعِby consensus
According to its requirements, then that is not beneficial by consensus.
وَقَالَAnd he saidرَحِمَهُmay God have mercy on himاللَّهُAllahوَلَاand there is noرَيْبَdoubtأَنَّهُthat itلَوْifقَالَهَاsaid itأَحَدٌsomeoneمِنَfromالْمُشْرِكِينَthe polytheists
And he said, may Allah have mercy on him: And there is no doubt that if one of the polytheists said it
وَنَطَقَand spokeأَيْضًاalsoبِشَهَادَةِwith the testimonyأَنَّthatمُحَمَّدًاMuhammadرَسُولُis the messengerاللَّهِof Allah
and also spoke with the testimony that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,
وَلَمْand did notيَعْرِفْknowمَعْنَىthe meaningالْإِلَهِof the deityوَلَاnorمَعْنَىthe meaningالرَّسُولِof the messenger
and did not know the meaning of the deity nor the meaning of the messenger,
وَصَلَّىand prayedوَصَامَand fastedوَحَجَّand performed Hajjوَلَاand does notيَدْرِيknowمَاwhatذَلِكَthat is
and prayed, and fasted, and performed Hajj, and does not know what that is
إِلَّاexceptأَنَّهُthat heرَأَىsawالنَّاسَthe peopleيَفْعَلُونَهُdoing itفَتَابَعَهُمْso he followed them
except that he saw the people doing it, so he followed them,
وَلَمْand did notيَفْعَلْdoشَيْئًاanythingمِنَfromالشِّرْكِshirkفَإِنَّهُthen heلَاnoيَشُكُّdoubtsأَحَدٌanyoneفِيinعَدَمِthe absenceإِسْلَامِهِof his Islam
and did not do anything of shirk, then no one doubts the absence of his Islam.
وَقَدْAnd indeedأَفْتَىissued a fatwaبِذَلِكَwith thatفُقَهَاءُthe juristsالْمَغْرِبِof the Maghrebكُلُّهُمْall of them
And indeed the jurists of the Maghreb all issued a fatwa with that
فِيinأَوَّلِthe beginningالْقَرْنِof the centuryالْحَادِيthe eleventhعَشَرَeleventhأَوْorقَبْلَهُbefore it
at the beginning of the eleventh century or before it,
فِيinشَخْصٍa personكَانَwasكَذَلِكَlike thatكَمَاasذَكَرَهُmentioned himصَاحِبُthe authorالدُّرِّof Al-DurrالثَّمِينِAl-Thamin
in a person who was like that, as mentioned by the author of Al-Durr Al-Thamin
فِيinشَرْحِthe explanationالْمُرْشِدِof Al-MurshedالْمُعِينِAl-Mu'eenمِنَfromالْمَالِكِيَّةِthe Maliki school
in the explanation of Al-Murshed Al-Mu'een from the Maliki school.
ثُمَّThenقَالَhe saidشَارِحُهُhis explainerهَذَاthisالَّذِيwhichأَفْتَوْاthey issued a fatwaبِهِwith it
Then his explainer said: This which they issued a fatwa with
جَلِيٌّis clearفِيinغَايَةِthe utmostالْجَلَاءِclarityلَاnoيُمْكِنُis possibleأَنْthatيَخْتَلِفَdifferفِيهِin itاثْنَانِtwo people
is clear in the utmost clarity, it is not possible that two people differ in it.
انْتَهَىFinished.
Finished.
وَلَاAnd there is noرَيْبَdoubtأَنَّthatعُبَّادَworshippersالْقُبُورِof gravesأَشَدُّare more severeمِنْthanهَذَاthis
And there is no doubt that worshippers of graves are more severe than this,
لِأَنَّهُمْbecause theyاعْتَقَدُواbelievedالْإِلَهِيَّةَdivinityفِيinأَرْبَابٍlordsمُتَفَرِّقِينَscattered
because they believed divinity in scattered lords.
وَقَالَAnd he saidابْنُIbnسَعْدِيٍّSa'diرَحِمَهُmay God have mercy on himاللَّهُAllah
And Ibn Sa'di said, may Allah have mercy on him:
الْعِلْمُKnowledgeلَابُدَّis necessaryفِيهِin itمِنْfromإِقْرَارِaffirmationالْقَلْبِof the heart
Knowledge necessitates the affirmation of the heart
وَمَعْرِفَتِهِand its knowledgeبِمَعْنَىwith the meaningمَاof whatطُلِبَwas soughtمِنْهُfrom itعِلْمُهُits knowledge
and its knowledge of the meaning of what knowledge is sought from it,
وَتَمَامُهُand its completionأَنْis thatيَعْمَلَhe actsبِمُقْتَضَاهُaccording to its requirement
and its completion is that he acts according to its requirement.
وَهَذَاAnd thisالْعِلْمُknowledgeالَّذِيwhichأَمَرَorderedاللَّهُAllahبِهِwith it
And this knowledge, which Allah commanded with it,
وَهُوَand it isالْعِلْمُthe knowledgeبِتَوْحِيدِof the onenessاللَّهِof Allah
and it is the knowledge of the oneness of Allah,
فَرْضُis an obligationعَيْنٍindividuallyعَلَىuponكُلِّeveryإِنْسَانٍperson
is an individual obligation upon every person,
لَاnoيَسْقُطُfallsعَنْfromأَحَدٍanyoneكَائِنًاbeingمِنْfromكَانَhe was
it does not fall from anyone, whoever they may be,
بَلْratherكُلٌّeveryoneمُضْطَرٌّis in needإِلَىtoذَلِكَthat
rather everyone is in need of that.
وَالطَّرِيقُAnd the wayإِلَىtoالْعِلْمِknowledgeبِأَنَّهُthatلَاnoإِلَهَdeityإِلَّاexceptاللَّهُAllahأُمُورٌare matters
And the way to knowledge that 'There is no deity except Allah' are matters:
أَحَدُهَاThe first of themبَلْratherأَعْظَمُهَاthe greatest of them
The first of them, rather the greatest of them,
تَدَبُّرُcontemplatingأَسْمَائِهِHis namesوَصِفَاتِهِand His attributesوَأَفْعَالِهِand His actions
is contemplating His names and His attributes and His actions
الدَّالَّةِindicatingعَلَىonكَمَالِهِHis perfectionوَعَظَمَتِهِand His greatnessوَجَلَالِهِand His majesty
that indicate His perfection, His greatness, and His majesty.
فَإِنَّهَاFor theyتُوجِبُnecessitateبَذْلَexertingالْجُهْدِeffortفِيinالتَّأَلُّهِworshipلَهُfor Him
For they necessitate exerting effort in worship for Him
وَالتَّعَبُّدِand servitudeلِلرَّبِّto the Lordالْكَامِلِthe perfectالَّذِيwhoلَهُfor Himكُلُّallحَمْدٍpraiseوَمَجْدٍand gloryوَجَلَالٍand majestyوَجَمَالٍand beauty
and servitude to the perfect Lord, who has all praise and glory, and majesty and beauty.
الثَّانِيThe secondالْعِلْمُis the knowledgeبِأَنَّهُthat Heتَعَالَىis Exaltedهُوَisالْمُنْفَرِدُthe One who is aloneبِالْخَلْقِin creationوَالتَّدْبِيرِand management
The second is the knowledge that He, Exalted, is the One who is alone in creation and management.
فَيُعْلَمُSo it is knownبِذَلِكَby thatأَنَّهُthat Heالْمُفْرَدُis the one who is aloneبِالْأُلُوهِيَّةِin divinity
So it is known by that that He is the one who is alone in divinity.
الثَّالِثُThe thirdالْعِلْمُis the knowledgeبِأَنَّهُthat Heالْمُنْفَرِدُis the One who is aloneبِالنِّعَمِin blessingsالظَّاهِرَةِthe apparentوَالْبَاطِنَةِand the hiddenالدِّينِيَّةِthe religiousوَالدُّنْيَوِيَّةِand the worldly
The third is the knowledge that He is the One who is alone in the apparent and hidden, religious and worldly blessings.
فَإِنَّForذَلِكَthatيُوجِبُnecessitatesتَعَلُّقَattachmentالْقَلْبِof the heartبِهِto Himوَمَحَبَّتَهُand its loveوَالتَّأَلُّهَand worshipلَهُfor Himوَحْدَهُaloneلَاnoشَرِيكَpartnerلَهُfor Him
For that necessitates the attachment of the heart to Him, its love for Him, and worship for Him alone, no partner for Him.