ٱللَّهُGod»(١).
God » (1).
مَعَwith
with.
وَبِالْجُمْلَةِ،And in general,فَحُسْنَthe goodالظَّنِّassumptionإِنَّمَاis onlyيَكُونُbeمَعَwithٱنْعِقَادِthe establishmentأَسْبَابِcausesالنَّجَاحِ.of success.
And in general, the good assumption is only with the establishment of the causes of success.
وَأَمَّاAs forٱنْعِقَادِthe establishmentأَسْبَابِcausesٱلْهَلاكِ،of ruin,فَلَاit does notيَتَأَتَّىoccurإِحْسَانُthe goodالظَّنِّassumption.
As for the establishment of the causes of ruin, it does not occur to have a good assumption.
فَإِنْFor ifقِيلَ:it was said:بَلْratherيَتَأَتَّىit occurs,وَيَكُونُand it isمُسْتَنَدًاbased onحُسْنِthe goodالظَّنِّassumptionسِعَةَthe vastness ofمَغْفِرَةِforgivenessٱللَّهِGodوَرَحْمَتِهِand His mercyوَعَفْوِهِand His pardonوُجُودِهِ،and His existence,وَأَنَّand thatرَحْمَتَهُHis mercyسَبَقَتْprecededغَضَبَهُ،His anger,وَأَنَّهُand that Heلَاdoes notتَنْفَعُهُbenefit himٱلْعُقُوبَةُthe punishmentوَلَاnorيَضُرُّهُdoes it harm himٱلْعَفْوُ.the pardon.
For if it were said: rather it occurs, and it is based on the good assumption the vastness of God's forgiveness and His mercy and His pardon and His existence, and that His mercy preceded His anger, and that He does not benefit from the punishment nor does it harm him the pardon.
قِيلَ:It was said:ٱلْأَمْرُthe matterهَكَذَاis like thisوَٱللَّهُand Godفَوْقَis aboveذَٰلِكَ،that,وَأَجَلٌّ (٢)and more exaltedوَأَكْرَمُand more generousوَأَجْوَدُand more bountifulوَأَرْحَمُ.and more merciful.
It was said: the matter is like this and God is above that, and more exalted and more generous and more bountiful and more merciful.
وَلَكِنَّButإِنَّمَاit is onlyيَضَعُplacedذَٰلِكَthatفِيinمَحَلِّهِits appropriate placeٱلَّائِقِsuitableبِهِ،for it,فَإِنَّهُfor HeسُبْحَانَهُGlory be to Himمَوْصُوفٌis describedبِٱلْحِكْمَةِwith wisdomوَٱلْعِزَّةِand mightوَٱلْانْتِقَامِand vengeanceوَشِدَّةِand severityٱلْبَطْشِ،of coercion,وَعُقُوبَةِand punishmentمِنof whomيَسْتَحِقُّdeservesٱلْعُقُوبَةَ.the punishment.
But it is only placed in its appropriate place suitable for it, for He, Glory be to Him, is described with wisdom and might and vengeance and severity of coercion, and punishment of whom deserves the punishment.
فَلَوْSo ifكَانَit was[١/١١]مَعَوَّلُthe reliance ofحُسْنِgoodالظَّنِّassumptionعَلَىonمَجَرَّدِthe mereصِفَاتِهِattributesوَأَسْمَائِهِand namesلَاشْتَرَكَwould have sharedفِيinذَٰلِكَthatٱلْبِرِّthe righteousوَٱلْفَاجِرِand the wickedوَٱلْمُؤْمِنِand the believerوَٱلْكَافِرِand the disbelieverوَوَلِيِّهِand his allyوَعدُوِّهِ.and his enemy.
So if the reliance of the good assumption was on the mere attributes and names, the righteous and the wicked and the believer and the disbeliever would have shared in that along with his ally and his enemy.
فَمَاSo whatيُنْفِعُbenefitsٱلْمُجْرِمُthe criminalأَسْمَاؤُهُare his namesوَوَصَفَاتِهِ،and attributes,وَقَدْand he hasبَاءَmetبِسَخَطِهِwith His wrathوَغَضَبِهِ،and His anger,وَتَعَرَّضَand exposedلِلْلَّعْنَةِ،himself to the curse,وَأَوْضَعَand plungedفِيintoمَحَارِمِهِ،His prohibitions,وَانْتَهَكَand violatedحُرُمَاتِهِ؟His sanctities?
So what benefits the criminal are his names and attributes, and he has met with His wrath and anger, and exposed himself to the curse, and plunged into His prohibitions, and violated His sanctities?
بَلْRatherحُسْنُgoodالظَّنِّassumptionيُنْفِعُbenefitsمِنthose whoتَابَ،repent,وَنَدِمَ،and regret,وَأَقْلَعَ،and desist,وَبَدَّلَand replaceٱلسَّيِّئَةَthe badبِٱلْحَسَنَةِ،with the good,وَٱسْتَقْبَلَand embraceبَقِيَّةَthe remainderعُمُرِهِof his lifeبِٱلْخَيْرِwith goodnessوَٱلطَّاعَةِ،and obedience,ثُمَّthenحُسْنُgoodالظَّنِّ.assumption.
Rather, the good assumption benefits those who repent, and regret, and desist, and replace the bad with the good, and embrace the remainder of his life with goodness and obedience, then the good assumption.
فَهَذَاThis isحُسْنُgoodالظَّنِّassumption(٣)،(3),وَٱلْأَوَّلُand the first isغُرُورٌdeceptionوَٱللَّهُand Godٱلْمُسْتَعَانُ.is the One sought for help.
This is the good assumption (3), and the first is deception and God is the One sought for help.
(١)(1)أَخْرَجَهُNarrated byٱلْتِّرْمِذِيُّAl-Tirmidhi(٢٤٥٩)(2459)وَأَحْمَدُand Ahmad(١٢٤/٤(124/4(١٧١٢٣)(17123)وَٱبْنُand IbnمَاجَهMajah(٤٢٦٠)(4260)وَٱلْحَاكِمُand Al-Hakim(١٢٥/١(125/1(١٩١)(191)وَغَيْرُهُمْand othersمِنfromطَرِيقِthe narration ofأَبِيAbuبَكْرٍBakrابْنِson ofأَبِيAbuمَرْيَمَMariamعَنْfromضَمْرَةَDumrahابْنِson ofحَبِيبٍHabibعَنْfromشَدَّادَShaddadابْنِson ofأَوْسٍ،Aws,فَذَكَرَهُ.and he mentioned it.
(1) Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi (2459) and Ahmad (124/4 (17123) and Ibn Majah (4260) and Al-Hakim (125/1 (191) and others from the narration of Abu Bakr son of Abu Mariam from Dumrah son of Habib from Shaddad son of Aws, and he mentioned it.
قَالَHe saidٱلْتِّرْمِذِيُّ :Al-Tirmidhi:هَذَاthisحَدِيثٌhadithحَسَنٌ.»is good."وَقَالَAnd he saidٱلْحَاكِمُ:Al-Hakim:هَذَاthisحَدِيثٌhadithصَحِيحٌis authenticعَلَىthe conditionٱلْبُخَارِيّof Bukhariوَلَمand he did notيَخْرِجَاهُ،narrate it,فَتَعَقَّبَهُand it was commented onٱلذَّهَبِيُّby Al-Dhahabiبِقَوْلِهِ :saying:«لَا"Noوَٱللَّهُ،by God,أَبُوAbuبَكْرٍBakrوَاهٍ.is weak.
Al-Tirmidhi said: this hadith is good. Al-Hakim said: this hadith is authentic on the condition of Bukhari and he did not narrate it; and it was commented on by Al-Dhahabi saying: "No, by God, Abu Bakr is weak."
(٢)(2)«أَجَلٌّ»"Most exalted"سَاقِطٌis omittedمِنfromز.Z.
(2) "Most exalted" is omitted from Z.
(٣)(3)سَ ،S,زَ ،Z,ل :L:حَسَنٌgoodظَنٌّassumptionوَٱلْمُثْبَتُand the confirmed oneمِنbyفَ،F,وَكَذَٰلِكَand likewiseفِيinخَا،Kha,خَبَرٌ.Khab.
(3) S, Z, L: good assumption and the confirmed one by F, and likewise in Kha, Khab.