وَقَدْAndقَالَsaidتَعَالَى:The Almighty:﴿﴿وَمَاAnd whatأَصَبَكُمhas befallen youمِّنofمُّصِيبَةٍcalamityفَبِمَاis because of whatكَسَبَتْyour hands have earnedأَيْدِيكُمْyour handsوَيَعْفُواand He forgivesعَنaboutكَثِيرٍmuch﴾﴾
And Allah the Almighty said: "And what has befallen you of calamity is because of what your hands have earned, and He forgives much."
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَىThe Almighty(۱)(1):﴿﴿ذَلِكَThatبِأَنَّis becauseاللَّهَAllahلَمْhas notيَكُbeمُغَيْرًاchangingنِعْمَةٌthe blessingأَنْعَمَهَاHe has bestowedعَلَىonقَوْمٍa peopleحَتَّىuntilيُغَيِّرُواthey changeمَاwhatبِأَنفُسِهِمْis in their souls﴾﴾
And Allah the Almighty said: "That is because Allah has not changed a blessing which He has bestowed on a people until they change what is in their souls."
فَأَخْبَرَSo He informedتَعَالَىThe Almighty(٢)(2) that...أَنَّهُthat Heلَاdoes notيُغَيِّرُchangeنِعَمَهُHis blessingsالَّتِيwhichأَنْعَمَHe has bestowed(۳)(3) عَلَيْهِمْبِهَاon themعَلَىonأَحَدٍanyoneحَتَّىuntilيَكُونَHe isهُوَthe oneالَّذِيwhoيُغَيِّرُchangesمَاwhatبِنَفْسِهِis in himselfفَيُغَيِّرَand changesطَاعَةَobedienceاللَّهِof Allahبِمَعْصِيَتِهِ،with His disobedience,وَشُكْرَهُand His gratitudeبِكُفْرِهِ،with His ingratitude,وَأَسْبَابَand the causesرِضَاهُof His pleasureبِأَسْبَابِwith the causesسَخَطِهِ .of His anger.
So He informed the Almighty that He does not change His blessings upon anyone until he himself is the one who changes what is in himself, and then he changes obedience to Allah with his disobedience, His gratitude with his ingratitude, and the causes of His pleasure with the causes of His anger.
فَإِذَاAnd ifغَيَّرَhe changesغُيِّرَhe will be changed(٤)(4) بِجَزَاءٍعَلَيْهِupon himجَزَاءٍa recompenseوَفَاقًا،in accordance,وَمَاand whatرَبُّكَyour Lordبِظُلْمٍis not unjustلِّلْعِبَادِ.to the servants.
And if he changes, he will be changed in accordance with a recompense, and your Lord is not unjust to the servants.
فَإِنَّFor ifغَيَّرَhe changesالْمَعْصِيَةَthe disobedienceبِالطَّاعَةِwith obedienceغَيَّرَAllah will changeاللَّهُAllahعَلَيْهِupon himالْعُقُوبَةَthe punishmentبِالْعَافِيَةِ،with wellness,وَالذُّلِّand disgraceبِالْعِزِّ .with honor.
For if he changes disobedience with obedience, Allah will change the punishment upon him with wellness, and disgrace with honor.
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَى:The Almighty:﴿﴿إِنَّIndeedاللَّهَAllahلَاdoes notيُغَيِّرُchangeمَاwhatبِقَوْمٍis with a peopleحَتَّىuntilيُغَيِّرُواthey changeمَاwhatبِأَنفُسِهِمْis in themselvesوَإِذَاAnd ifأَرَادَHe willsاللَّهُAllahبِقَوْمٍfor a peopleسُوءٌevilأَفَلَاis there notمَرَدَّa returnلَهُfor Himوَمَاand whatلَهُمfor themمِّنofدُونِهِbesides Himمِنofوَالguardians
And Allah the Almighty said: "Indeed, Allah does not change what is with a people until they change what is in themselves. And if Allah wills evil for a people, there is no return for Him, and they do not have any guardians besides Him."
وَفِيAnd inبَعْضِsome(٥)(5) [٣٥/ ب]الْآثَارِthe effectsالإِلَٰهِيةdivineعَنْaboutالرَّبِّthe LordتَبَارَكَBlessedوَتَعَالَىand Exaltedأَنَّهُthat Heقَالَ:said:وَعِزَّتِيAnd by My mightوَجَلاَلِيand My majestyلَاthere is noيَكُونَbeعَبْدٌa servantمِّنofعِبَادِيMy servants(٦)(6) فِي مَاعَلَىonمَاwhatأُحِبُّ،I love,ثُمَّthenيَنْتَقِلُtransfersعَنْهُ. لَكِنَfrom it. Butشَيْخُthe Sheikhالإِسْلامِof Islamنَسَبَهُascribed itفِيinمَجْمُوعِthe collectionالْفَتَاوىof fatwas(١٦٣/٨)(163/8) إِلَىعُمَرَOmarبِنbinعَبْدِالْعَزِيزِAbdulazizرَحِمَهُmay Allah have mercy on him(ص).(p).
And in some divine effects about the Blessed and Exalted Lord, it was said: "And by My might and My majesty, no servant of My servants can be in that which I love, then transfer from it." But the Sheikh of Islam ascribed it in the collection of fatwas (163/8) to Omar bin Abdulaziz, may Allah have mercy on him.
وَقَدْAndوَرَدَit has been reportedمِنfromدُعَاءِthe supplicationالْعَبَّاسِof AbbasبِنbinعَبْدِالْمُطَّلِبِAbdul Muttalibفِيinالِاسْتِسْقَاءِthe prayer for rainبِلَفْظٍin wordingاللَّهُمَّO Allah,إِنَّهُindeed, itلَمْhas not beenيُنْزَلِsent downبَلَاءٌa calamityإِلَّاexceptبِذَنبٍby sinوَلَمْand has notيُكَشَفْremovedإِلَّاexceptبِتَوْبَةٍ .with repentance.
And it has been reported from the supplication of Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib in the prayer for rain in the wording: "O Allah, indeed, no calamity has been sent down except by sin, and none has been removed except with repentance."
أَخْرَجَهُIt was narratedابْنُby IbnعَسَاكِرَAsakirفِيinتَارِيخِهِhis history(٣٥٩/٢٦)(359/26) بِسَنْدٍضَعِيفٍa chainجِدًّاweak(ز).(z).
It was narrated by Ibn Asakir in his history (359/26) with a very weak chain.
(۱)(1) مِنَأَوَّلِthe beginning ofالْآيَةِthe verseإِلَىtoهُنَاhereسَاقِطٌis omittedمِنَfromس.S.
(1) From the beginning of the verse to here is omitted from S.
(۲)(2) فَـ: اللَّهُAllahتَعَالَى.The Almighty.(۳)(3) فَـ: يَنْعِمُ».He bestows."(٤)(4) "تَغْيِيرٌسَاقِطٌis omittedمِنَfromز.Z.
(2) So: Allah the Almighty. (3) So: He bestows." (4) 'Change' is omitted from Z.
(۵)(5) بَعْضٌسَاقِطٌis omittedمِنَfromف.F.
(5) Some is omitted from F.
(۶)(6) ز: "عِبَادِي."
(6) Z: 'My servants.'