فِيInالْحَقِّthe truthآناءَthe timesاللَّيْلِof nightوَandالنَّهَارِday
In truth, during the times of night and day.
وَرَوَاهُAnd narrated itالْبُخَارِيُّby Al-Bukhariمِنْfromحَدِيثِthe hadithأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَof Abu Huraira
And it was narrated by Al-Bukhari from the hadith of Abu Huraira.
وَلَفْظَهُAnd his wordingلَاis notحَسَدٌenvyإِلَّاexceptفِيinاثْنَيْنِtwo
And his wording is "There is no envy except in two things."
رَجُلٌA manآتَاهُwhom God has givenاللَّهُGodالْقُرْآنَthe Quranفَهُوَand heيَتْلُوهُrecites itاللَّيْلَby nightوَandالنَّهَارِday
A man whom God has given the Quran, and he recites it by night and day.
فَسَمِعَهُSo a man heard himرَجُلٌa manفَقَالَand saidيَاOلَيْتَنِيI wish I were givenأُوتِيتُlike what was given to thisمِثْلَlikeمَاwhatأُوتِيَwas given to himهَذَاthis
So a man heard him and said, "O, I wish I were given what was given to this man."
فَأَعْمَلَتُSo I could actفِيهِin itمِثْلَlikeمَاwhatيَعْمَلُhe doesهَذَاthis
So I could act in it like what he does.
وَAndرَجُلٌanother manآتَاهُwhom God has givenاللَّهُGodمَالاَwealthفَهُوَand heيُهْلِكُهُwastes itفِيinالْحَقِّthe right
And another man whom God has given wealth, and he wastes it improperly.
فَقَالَAnd saidرَجُلٌanother manيَاOلَيْتَنِيI wish I were givenأُوتِيتُlike what was given to thisمِثْلَlikeمَاwhatأُوتِيَwas given to himهَذَاthis
And another man said, "O, I wish I were given what was given to this man."
فَهَذَاThisالْحَسَدُis the envyالَّذِيthatنَهَىthe Prophet forbadeعَنْهُagainst itالنَّبِيُّthe Prophet(صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ)(peace be upon him)
This is the envy that the Prophet (peace be upon him) forbade except in two cases.
إِلَّاexceptفِيinمَوْضِعَيْنِtwo casesهُوَwhich isالَّذِيwhichسَمَّاهُhe namedأُولَئِكَthoseالْغِبْطَةَdelight
Except in two cases, which he named delight.
وَAndهُوَit isأَنْto loveيُحِبَّlikeمِثْلَthe conditionحَالِof othersالْغَيْرِand to hateوَandيَكْرَهَto dislikeأَنْthatيَفْضُلَothers excelعَلَيْهِover him
And it is to love the condition of others and to hate that others excel over him.
فَإِنْIfقِيلَit is saidإِذَاifلَمْnotيُسَمَّnamedحَسَدًاenvyوَإِنَّمَاand ratherأُحِبُّI loveأَنْtoيُنْعَمَbe blessedاللَّهُGodعَلَيْهِupon him
If it is said, 'If it is not named envy, and rather I wish for God's blessings upon me.'
قِيلَIt is saidمَبْدَأٌthe beginningهَذَاof thisالْحُبِّloveهُوَis his perspectiveإِلَىtoإِنْعَامِهِGod’s graceعَلَىuponالْغَيْرِothersوَكَرَاهَتِهِand his dislikeأَنْthatيَفْضُلَothers excelعَلَيْهِover him
It is said, the beginning of this love is his perspective to God's grace upon others and his dislike that others excel over him.
وَلَوْلَاAnd if notوُجُودُthe existenceذَلِكَof thatالْغَيْرِotherلَمْwould notيُحِبَّhe loveذَلِكَthat
And if not for the existence of that other, he would not love that.
فَلَمَّاSo whenكَانَit wasمَبْدَأُthe beginningذَلِكَof thatكَرَاهَتُهُhis dislikeأَنْthatيَفْضُلَothers excelعَلَيْهِover himالْغَيْرُthe otherكَانَit wasحَسَدًاenvyلِأَنَّهُbecause it was a dislikeكَرَاهَةٌthat leads to love.
So when the beginning of that was his dislike that others excel over him, it was envy because it was a dislike that leads to love.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forمَنْwhoأَحَبَّlovesأَنْtoيُنْعَمَbe blessedاللَّهُGodعَلَيْهِon himمَعَwithعَدَمِnotالتَّفَاتِهِattaching importanceإِلَىtoأَحْوَالِthe statesالنَّاسِof people
And as for the one who loves to be blessed by God without paying attention to the conditions of people.
فَهَذَاthisلَيْسَis notعِندَهُwith himمِنَinالْحَسَدِenvyشَيْءٌanythingوَلِهَذَاand for thisيُبْتَلَىmost people are testedغَالِبًاoftenالنَّاسُpeopleبِهَذَاwith this
This person is not with envy at all, and for this reason most people are tested by this.
الْقِسْمُthe second categoryالثَّانِيof peopleوَقَدْand it can beيُسَمَّىcalledالْمُنَافَسَةُcompetitionفَتَتَنَافَسُthey competeالإِثْنَانِbothفِيinالْأَمْرِthe matterالْمَحْبُوبِbelovedالْمَطْلُوبِdesired
The second type, and it can be called competition, where both compete in the beloved matter.
كِلَاهُمَاBothيَطْلُبَانِseekأَنْtoيَأْخُذَاهُobtain itوَذَلِكَand thatلِكَرَاهِيَّةِfor the dislikeأَحَدِهِمَاof eitherأَنْthatيَتَفَضَّلَone excelsعَلَيْهِover the other
Both seek to obtain it, and that is for the dislike of either that one excels over the other.
كَمَاJust asيَكْرَهُthey dislikeالْمُسَتَبِّقَانِthe racersكُلٌّeachمِنْهُمَاof themأَنْthatيَسْبِقَهُthe other excels himالآخَرُanother
Just as the racers, each of them dislikes that the other excels them.
وَالْتَّنَافُسُAnd competitionلَيْسَis notمَذْمُومًاblameworthyمُطْلَقًاat allبَلْbutهُوَit isمَحْمُودٌcommendableفِيinالْخَيْرِgood
And competition is not blameworthy at all; rather it is commendable in good deeds.
قَالَHe saidتَعَالَىthe Almightyالمُطَفِّفِينَthe DefraudersإِنَّIndeedالْأَبْرَارَthe righteousلَفِيare inنَعِيمٍdelightعَلَىonالْأَرَائِكِthe couchesيَنْظُرُونَlooking
He said, the Almighty: 'Indeed, the righteous are in delight upon couches, looking (at them).'
تَعْرِفُYou will recognizeفِيinوُجُوهِهِمْtheir facesنَضْرَةَthe beautyالنَّعِيمِof delight.يُسْقَوْنَThey are given to drinkمِنْfromرَحِيقٍnectarمُخْتُومٍsealedخَتَامُهُits endمِسْكٌis musk.وَفِيAnd inذَلِكَthatفَلْيَتَنَافَسِshould competeالْمُتَنَافِسُونَthose who compete.
You will recognize in their faces the beauty of delight. They are given to drink from sealed nectar, the end of which is musk. And in that should compete those who compete.
فَأَمْرُSo the matterالْمُنَافَسَةِof competitionأَنْis toيُنَافِسَcompeteفِيinهَذَاthisالنَّعِيمِdelight.لَاnotيُنَافِسَcompeteفِيinنَعِيمِthe delightالدُّنْيَاof this worldالزَّائِلِtemporary.
So the matter of competition is to compete in this delight and not to compete in the temporary delights of this world.
وَهَذَاAnd thisمُوَافِقٌis consistentلِحَدِيثِwith the hadithالنَّبِيِّof the Prophet(صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ)(peace be upon him)
And this is consistent with the hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him).
فَإِنَّهُIndeed, heنَهَىforbadeعَنْagainstالْحَسَدِenvyإِلَّاexceptفِيْمَنْfor whoeverأُوتِيَwas givenالعِلْمَknowledgeفَهُوَand he isيَعْمَلُactsبِهِwith itوَيُعَلِّمُهُand teaches it.وَAndمَنْwhoeverأُوتِيَwas givenالْمَالَwealthفَهُوَand he isيُنفِقُهُspending it.
Indeed, he forbade envy except for whoever was given knowledge and acts upon it and teaches it; and whoever was given wealth and is spending it.
فَأَمَّاAs forمَنْwhoeverأُوتِيَwas givenعِلْمًاknowledgeوَلَمْand notيَعْمَلْactsبِهِwith itوَلَمْand notيُعَلِّمْهُteaches itأوorأُوتِيَwas givenمَالًاwealthوَلَمْand notيُنْفِقْهُspending itفِيinطَاعَةٍobedience
As for whoever was given knowledge and does not act upon it, nor teaches it, or was given wealth and does not spend it in obedience.
فَهَذَاThisلَاis notيُحْسَدُenviedوَلَاnorيُتَمَنَّىdesired.مِثْلَlikeحَالَهُhis condition.فَإِنَّهُIndeed heلَيْسَis notفِيinخَيْرٍgoodnessيُرَغَّبُdesiredفِيهِin it
This person is not envied nor desired like his condition; indeed he is not in any goodness that is desired.
بَلْRatherهُوَhe isمُعْرَضٌexposedلِلْعَذَابِto punishment.
Rather, he is exposed to punishment.
وَمَنْAnd whoeverأَوْلِيَtakes chargeوِلَايَةًof a positionفَيَأْتِيَهَاand comes to itبِعِلْمٍwith knowledgeوَعَدْلٍand justice.وَأَدَّىAnd he deliversالْأَمَانَاتِthe trustsإِلَىtoأَهْلِهَاtheir people.وَandحَكَمَrulesبَيْنَamongstالنَّاسِthe peopleبِالْكِتَابِby the Bookوَandالسُّنَّةِthe Sunnah.
And whoever takes charge of a position and comes to it with knowledge and justice, and delivers the trusts to their people, and rules among the people by the Book and the Sunnah.
فَهَذَاThisدَرَجَةٌis a great rank.
This is a great rank.
لَكِنَّHoweverهَذَاthisفِيis inجِهَادٍgreat struggle.
However, this is in great struggle.
كَذَلِكَLikewiseالْمُجَاهِدُthe one who strivesفِيinسَبِيلِthe wayاللَّهِof Godوَالنُّفُوسِand soulsلَاdo notتَحْسِدُenvyمَنْwhoeverهُوَis
Likewise, the one who strives in the way of God is not envied.
فَلِهَذَاFor this reasonلَمْnotيُذْكَرْهُmentioned himوَإِنْand ifكَانَhe wasالْمُجَاهِدُthe one who strivesفِيinسَبِيلِthe pathاللَّهِof Godأفْضَلَbetter thanالَّذِيthe one whoيُنْفِقُspendsالْمَالَwealthبِخِلَافِin contrast toالْمُنْفِقِthe one who spends.
For this reason, he was not mentioned; and if the one who strives in the path of God is better than the one who spends wealth, in contrast to the one who spends.
وَالمُعَلِّمُAnd the teacherفَإِنَّIndeedهَذَيْنِthese twoلَيْسَare notلَهُمَاfor themفِيinالْعَادَةِhabit.
And the teacher, indeed, these two are not in habit.
عَدُوٌّan enemyمِنْfromخَارِجٍoutside.فَإِنْIfقَدْرَthey were givenأَنَّهُمَاthat they are to themلَهُمَاan enemyيُجَاهِدَانِهِمَاto strive with them.فَذَلِكَThen that isأفْضَلُbetterلِدَرَجَتِهِمَاfor their degrees.
If they were to have an enemy to strive against them, that is better for their ranks.
وَكَذَلِكَAnd likewiseلَمْnotيُذْكَرْmentionedالنَّبِيُّthe Prophet(صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ)(peace be upon him)
And likewise, the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not mention.
الْمُصَلِّيthe one who praysوَandالصَّائِمُthe fasting oneوَالْحَاجُّand the pilgrim.
the one who prays, and the one who fasts, and the pilgrim.