بِسْمِIn the name ofاللَّهِGodالرَّحْمَـٰنِthe Most Graciousالرَّحِيمِthe Most Merciful
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
الْحَمْدُAll praiseلِلَّهِbe to GodنَسْتَعِينُهُWe ask for His helpوَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُand we seek His forgivenessوَنَعُوذُand we seek refugeبِاللَّهِwith Godمِنْfromشُرُورِthe evilsأَنفُسِنَاof ourselvesوَمِنْand fromسَيِّئَاتِthe bad deedsأَعْمَالِنَاof our actions
All praise be to God, we ask for His help and we seek His forgiveness. We seek refuge with God from the evils of ourselves and from the bad deeds of our actions.
مَنْWhoeverيَهْدِهِHe guidesاللَّهُGodفَلَاthen there is noمُضِلٍّmisleaderلَهُfor himوَمَنْand whoeverيُضِلْلُHe leads astrayفَلَاthen there is noهَادٍguideلَهُfor him
Whoever God guides, then there is no misleader for him; and whoever He leads astray, then there is no guide for him.
وَنَشْهَدُAnd we bear witnessأَنْthatلَاthere is noإِلَٰهَdeityإِلَّاexceptاللَّهَGodوَاحِدَهُaloneلَاwithoutشَرِيكٍpartnerلَهُfor Him
And we bear witness that there is no deity except God alone, without partner for Him.
وَنَشْهَدُAnd we bear witnessأَنَّthatمُحَمَّدًاMuhammadعَبْدُهُHis servantوَرَسُولُهُand His Messengerصَلَّىpeace beاللَّهُupon Godعَلَيْهِupon himوَآلِهِand his familyوَصَحْبِهِand his companionsوَسَلَّمَand peace
And we bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger. Peace be upon him and his family and companions.
أَمَّاAs forبَعْدُafterفَهَذِهِthese areكَلِمَاتٌwordsمُخْتَصَرَةٌbriefفِيinأَعْمَالِthe affairsالْقُلُوبِof the heartsالَّتِيwhichتُسَمَّىare calledالْمَقَامَاتِthe stationsوَالْأَحْوَالِand the conditionsوَهِيَand they areمِنْfromأُصُولِthe principlesالْإِيمَانِof faithوَقَوَاعِدِand the foundationsالدِّينِof religion
As for after, these are brief words in the affairs of the hearts which are called the stations and the conditions, and they are from the principles of faith and the foundations of religion.
مِثْلَSuch asمَحَبَّةِthe loveاللَّهِof Godوَرَسُولِهِand His Messengerوَالتَّوَكُّلِand relianceعَلَىonاللَّهِGodوَإِخْلَاصِand sincerityالدِّينِof the religionلَهُto Himوَالشُّكْرِand gratitudeلَهُto Himوَالصَّبْرِand patienceعَلَىonحُكْمِهِHis decreeوَالخَوْفِand fearمِنْهُof Himوَالرَّجَاءِand hopeلَهُin Himوَمَاand whatيَتْبَعُfollowsذَلِكَthat
Such as the love of God and His Messenger, reliance on God, sincerity of religion to Him, gratitude to Him, patience on His decree, fear of Him, hope in Him, and what follows that.
اِقْتَضَىIt necessitatedذَلِكَthatبَعْضًاsomeمِنَofأَوْجَبَmandatoryاللَّهَGodحَقَّهُHis rightsمِنْfromأَهْلِthe people ofالْإِيمَانِfaithوَاسْتُكْتِبَهَاand to write itوَكُلُّand eachمِنَّاof usعَاجِلَانَis hasty.
It necessitated that some of the mandatory rights of God from the people of faith to write it down, and we are all hasty.
فَأَقُولُSo I sayهَذِهِtheseالْأَعْمَالُactsجَمِيعُهَاare mandatoryعَلَىuponجَمِيعِallالْخَلْقِof creationالْمَأْمُورِينَwho are commandedفِيinالْأَصْلِthe foundationبِاتِّفَاقِby agreementأَئِمَّةِof the leadersالدِّينِof the religionوَالنَّاسِand the peopleفِيinهَذَاthisعَلَىonثَلاَثٍthreeدَرَجَاتٍlevels.
So I say that all these acts are mandatory upon all of creation who are commanded, according to the agreement of the leaders of the religion and the people, in this on three levels.
كَمَاJust asهُمْthey areفِيinأَعْمَالِthe actsالْأَبْدَانِof the bodiesعَلَىonثَلاَثٍthreeدَرَجَاتٍlevels.
Just as they are in the acts of bodies on three levels.
ظَالِمٌThe oppressorلِنَفْسِهِto himselfوَمُقَتَصِدٌand the moderateوَسَابِقٌand the one who racesبِالْخَيْرَاتِin good deeds.
The oppressor to himself, the moderate, and the one who races in good deeds.
فَالظَّالِمُFor the oppressorلِنَفْسِهِto himselfالْعَاصِيthe sinnerبِتَرْكِby abandoningمَأْمُورٍthe commandedوَفِعْلِand doingمَحْظُورٍthe prohibited.
For the oppressor to himself, the sinner; by abandoning what is commanded and doing what is prohibited.
وَالْمُقَتَصِدُAnd the moderateالْمُؤَدِّيis the one who fulfillsالْوَاجِبَاتِthe obligations.وَالتَّارِكُand the one who abandonsالْمُحَرَّمَاتِthe prohibited.
And the moderate is the one who fulfills the obligations and abandons the prohibited.
وَالسَّابِقُAnd the one who racesبِالْخَيْرَاتِin good deeds.الْمُتَقَرِّبُThe one who draws closerبِمَاwith whatيَقْدِرُhe canعَلَيْهِto doمِنْfromوَاجِبٍobligationوَمَسْنُونٍand what is recommended.
And the one who races in good deeds is the one who draws closer with what he can from obligation and recommended acts.
وَالتَّارِكُAnd the one who abandonsلِلْمُحَرَّمِthe unlawfulوَالْمَكْرُوهِand the disliked.وَإِنَّAnd althoughكَانَتْthere areكُلُّallمِنَofالْمُقَتَصِدِthe moderateوَالسَّابِقِينَand the racersقَدْmayتَكُونَhaveلَهُfor himذُنُوبٌsinsتَمْحَىerasedعَنْهُfrom himبِتَوْبَةٍwith repentance.
And the one who abandons the unlawful and the disliked, and although all of the moderate and the racers may have sins erased from them by repentance.
وَاللَّهُAnd Godيُحِبُّlovesالتَّوَّابِينَthose who repent.وَيُحِبُّand He lovesالْمُتَطَهِّرِينَthe purified.
And God loves those who repent, and He loves the purified.
إِمَّاEitherبِحَسَنَاتٍby good deedsمَاحِيَةٍthat wipe awayوَإِمَّاor byبِمَصَائِبَtrialsمُفَكِّرَةٍthat remindوَإِمَّاor byبِغَيْرِother than that.
Either by good deeds that wipe away (sins), or by trials that remind, or by other than that.
وَكُلُّAnd eachمِنَofالصِّنْفَيْنِthe two categoriesالْمُقَتَصِدِينَthe moderate onesوَالسَّابِقِينَand the racersمِنْofأَوْلِيَاءِthe alliesاللَّهِof GodالَّذِينَwhoذَكَرَهُمْHe mentioned themفِيinكِتَابِهِHis bookيُونُسَYunus.
And each of the two categories, the moderate ones and the racers, are among the allies of God, who He mentioned in His book, Yunus.
فَأَوْلِيَاءُSo the alliesاللَّهِof Godهُمْareالْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believersالْمُتَّقُونَthe pious.
So the allies of God are the believers, the pious.
وَلَكِنَّButذَٰلِكَthatيَنْقَسِمُdividesإِلَىintoعَامٍّgeneralوَهُمْand they areالْمُقَتَصِدُونَthe moderate ones.وَخَاصٍّand specificوَهُمْand they areالسَّابِقُونَthe racers.
But that divides into general, which are the moderate ones, and specific, which are the racers.
وَإِنْAnd ifكَانَthere areالسَّابِقُونَthe racersهُمْthey areأَعْلَىthe highestدَرَجَاتٍlevelsكَالْأَنْبِيَاءِlike the prophetsوَالصِّدِّيقِينَand the truthful.
And if the racers are the highest levels, like the prophets and the truthful.
وَقَدْAnd indeedذَكَرَHe mentionedالنَّبِيَّthe Prophet(صَلَّى(peace beاللَّهُupon Godعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَ)and peace)
And indeed, the Prophet (peace be upon him) mentioned.
الْقَسْمَيْنِthe two categoriesفِيinالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالَّذِيwhichرَوَاهُwas narrated byالْبُخَارِيُّAl-Bukhariفِيinصَحِيحِهِhis authentic collectionعَنْfromأَبِيAbuهُرَيْرَةَHurairaرَضِيَmay Godعَنْهُbe pleased with himعَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe Prophet(صَلَّى(peace beاللَّهُupon Godعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَ)and peace)
The two categories in the hadith which was narrated by Al-Bukhari in his authentic collection from Abu Huraira may God be pleased with him, from the Prophet (peace be upon him).
أَنَّهُHe saidقَالَsaidيَقُولُGod saysاللَّهُGodمَنْwhoeverعَادَىshows enmity toلِيMyوَلِيًّاfriendفَقَدْhas indeedبَارَزَنِيchallenged Meبِالْمُحَارَبَةِwith warfare.
He said: God says, 'Whoever shows enmity to My friend has indeed challenged Me with warfare.'
وَمَاAnd nothingتَقَرَّبَdraws closerإِلَىtoعَبْدِيMy servantمِثْلَlikeأَدَاءِthe performance ofمَاwhatأَفْرَضْتُI have made obligatory to himعَلَيْهِupon him.
And nothing draws closer to My servant like the performance of what I have made obligatory upon him.
وَلَاAnd neverيَزَالُceasesعَبْدِيMy servantيَتَقَرَّبُkeeps drawing closerإِلَيَّto Meبِالنَّوَافِلِwith supererogatory actsحَتَّىuntilأُحِبَّهُI love him.
And never does My servant cease drawing closer to Me with supererogatory acts until I love him.
فَإِذَاSo whenأَحَبَبْتُهُI love himكُنتُI amسَمْعَهُhis hearingالَّذِيwhichيَسْمَعُhe hearsبِهِwith.
So when I love him, I am his hearing with which he hears.
وَبَصَرَهُAnd his sightالَّذِيwhichيُبْصِرُhe seesبِهِwith.
And his sight with which he sees.
وَيَدَهُAnd his handالَّتِيwith whichيَبْطِشُhe strikes.بِهَاwith.
And his hand with which he strikes.
وَرِجْلَهُAnd his footالَّتِيwith whichيَمْشِيhe walks.
And his foot with which he walks.
فَبِيThus, through Meيَسْمَعُhe hearsوَبِيand through Meيُبْصِرُhe sees.
Thus, through Me, he hears, and through Me, he sees.
وَبِيAnd through Meيَبْطِشُhe strikes.وَبِيAnd through Meيَمْشِيhe walks.
And through Me, he strikes, and through Me, he walks.
وَلَئِنAnd ifسَأَلَنِيhe asks MeلَأُعْطِينَّهُI will surely give him.
And if he asks Me, I will surely give him.
وَلَئِنAnd ifاسْتَعَاذَنِيhe seeks refuge with MeلَأُعِيدَنَّهُI will surely grant him refuge.
And if he seeks refuge with Me, I will surely grant him refuge.
وَمَاAnd nothingتَرَدَّدْتُI have hesitatedعَنaboutشَيْءٍany matterأَنَاIفَاعِلٌdo.
And nothing have I hesitated about any matter I do.
تَرَدُّدِيMy hesitationعَنaboutقَبْضِtaking hold ofنَفْسِthe soulعَبْدِيof My servantالْمُؤْمِنِthe believerيَكْرَهُhe dislikesالْمَوْتَdeathوَأَكْرَهُand I dislikeمَسَائِهُhis distress.
My hesitation about taking hold of the soul of My servant, the believer, he dislikes death, and I dislike his distress.