وَandيَشْهَدُونَthey witnessفِيinذَلِكَthatبِكَلِمَاتٍwith wordsمُجَمَّلَةٍsummarizedنُقِلَتْtransmittedعَنِfromبَعْضِsomeالأَشْيَاخِsheikhsأَوْorبِبَعْضِwith someغَلَطَاتٍmistakesبَعْضِهِمْof them.
They witness in that with summarized words transmitted from some of the sheikhs or with some mistakes of some of them.
وَهَذَاAnd thisأَصْلٌis an originعَظِيمٌgreatمِنْofأَعْظَمِthe greatestمَاwhatيَجِبُneedsالِاحْتِرَامُcareبِهِto itعَلَىonأَهْلِthe people ofطَرِيقِthe pathاللَّهِGodالسَّالِكِينَthe wayfarersسَبِيلِthe pathإِرَادَةِthe desireالدِّينِof religionيُرِيدُونَthey seekوَجْهَهُHis countenance.
And this is a great origin of the greatest things that need care from the people following God's path of wishing for Him.
فَإِنَّهُFor indeed, itقَدْhasدَخَلَenteredبِسَبَبِdue toإِهْمَالِneglectذَلِكَthatعَلَىonطَوَائِفَgroupsمِنْهُمْof themمِنَofالكُفْرِdisbeliefوَالْفُسُوقِand sinfulnessوَالْعِصْيَانِand disobedience.
For indeed, it has entered due to the neglect of that on groups of them of disbelief, sinfulness, and disobedience.
مَاwhat notيُعْلِمُهُonly He knowsإِلَّاexceptاللَّهُGod.حَتَّىuntilيَصِيرُواthey becomeمُعَاوِنِينَsupportersعَلَىtoالْبَغْيِoppressionوَالْعُدْوَانِand aggressionلِلْمُسَلِّطِينَfor the oppressorsفِيinالأَرْضِthe earthمِنْofأَهْلِthe people ofالظُّلْمِinjusticeوَالْعُلُوِّand tyranny.
What only God knows, until they become supporters of oppression and aggression for the oppressors in the land of the people of injustice and tyranny.
الَّذِينَwhoيَتَوَجَّهُونَturn their heartsبِقُلُوبِهِمْwith their heartsفِيinمُعَاوَنَةِhelpingمَنwhomيُحِبُّونَهُthey loveمِنْofأَهْلِthe people ofالْعُلُوِّtyrannyفِيinالأَرْضِthe landوَالْفَسَادِand corruption.
Who turn their hearts in helping those whom they love from the people of tyranny and corruption in the land.
ظَانِّينَThinkingأَنَّهُمْthat theyإِذَاifكَانَتْthey haveلَهُمْfor themأَحْوَالٌconditionsأَثَّرُواinfluencedبِهَاwith itفِيinذَلِكَthatمِنْfromأَوْلِيَاءِthe friendsاللَّهِof God.
Thinking that if they have conditions, they will influence it in that from the friends of God.
فَإِنَّIndeedالْقُلُوبَthe heartsلَهَاhaveمِنْfromالتَّأْثِيرِinfluenceأَعْظَمُgreaterمِمَّاthan whatلِلْأَبْدَانِthe bodies.
Indeed, the hearts have a greater influence than that of the bodies.
لَكِنButإِنْifكَانَتْthey areصَالِحَةًrighteousكَانَتْthen it wasتَأْثِيرُهَاits influenceصَالِحًاgood.وَإِنْAnd ifكَانَتْthey areفَاسِدَةًcorruptedكَانَتْthen it wasتَأْثِيرُهَاits influenceفَاسِدًاcorrupt.
But if they are righteous, then its influence is good. And if they are corrupted, then its influence is corrupt.
فَالأَحْوَالُSo the statesيَكُونُareتَأْثِيرُهَاits influenceمَحْبُوبًاdearلِلَّهِto Godتَارَةًat timesوَمَكْرُوهًاand dislikedلِلَّهِto Godأُخْرَىanother.
So the states are sometimes pleasing to God and sometimes disliked by Him.
وَقَدْAnd indeedتَكَلَّمَthe scholars spokeالْفُقَهَاءُthe juristsعَلَىaboutوُجُوبِthe obligationالْقَوْدِof retributionعَلَىonمَنْwhoيَقْتُلُkillingبِغَيْرِهِwithout reason.فِيInالْبَاطِنِthe hiddenحَيْثُwhereيَجِبُthe obligationالْقَوْدُof retributionفِيonذَلِكَthat.
And indeed, the scholars spoke about the obligation of retribution on someone who kills without reason in the hidden, where the obligation of retribution is in that.
وَيَشْهَدُونَAnd they bear witnessبِبَوَاطِنِهِمْwith their hidden realmsوَقُلُوبِهِمْand their heartsالأَمْرَthe cosmic command.الْكَوْنِيُّuniversalوَيَعُدُّونَAnd they considerمُجَرَّدَmereخَرْقٍbreakingالْعَادَةِthe customلِأَحَدِهِمْof one of themبِكَشْفٍby unveilingلَهُمْto themأَوْorبِتَأْثِيرٍby influenceيُوَافِقُthat matchesإِرَادَتَهُhis desire.هُوَIt isكَرَامَةٌa graceمِنَfromاللَّهِGodلَهُfor him.
And they bear witness with their hidden realms and their hearts about the cosmic command, and they consider merely breaking the custom of one of them by unveiling to them or by influence that matches his desire—a grace from God for him.
وَلَاAnd notيَعْلَمُونَthey knowأَنَّهُthat itفِيinالْحَقِيقَةِtruthإِهَانَةٌis humiliationوَأَنَّand thatالْكَرَامَةَthe true honorلُزُومٌis the adherence toالِاسْتِقَامَةِsteadfastness.
And they do not know that in truth, it is humiliation, and that true honor is the adherence to steadfastness.
وَأَنَّAnd thatاللَّهَGodلَمْhas notيُكَرِّمْhonoredعَبْدَهُHis servantبِكَرَامَةٍwith a graceأَعْظَمَgreaterمِنْthanمُوَافَقَتِهِhis agreementفِيْمَاin whatيُحِبُّهُhe lovesوَيَرْضَاهُand is pleased with.
And that God has not honored His servant with a grace greater than his agreement in what he loves and is pleased with.
وَهُوَAnd it isطَاعَتُهُhis obedienceوَطَاعَةُand the obedienceرَسُولِهِof His Messengerوَمَوَالَاةُand the loyaltyأَوْلِيَائِهِof His friendsوَمُعَادَاةُand the enmityأَعْدَائِهِof His enemies.
And it is his obedience and the obedience of His Messenger, and the loyalty of His friends, and the enmity of His enemies.
وَهَؤُلَاءِAnd thoseهُمْareأَوْلِيَاءُthe friends ofاللَّهِGodالَّذِينَwhoقَالَsaidاللَّهُGodفِيهمabout them.يُونُسَYunus.أَلَاIndeedإِنَّthe certainlyأَوْلِيَاءُfriends ofاللَّهِGodلَاnoخَوْفٌfearعَلَيْهِمْupon themوَلَاand noهُمْtheyيَحْزَنُونَwill grieve.
And those are the friends of God, about whom God said: "Indeed, the friends of God will not fear nor will they grieve."
فَإِنْIfكَانُواthey wereمُوَافِقِينَagreeing to Himلَهُin whatفِيْمَاin whatأَوْجَبَهُHe has obligated on themعَلَيْهِمْto them.فَهمْThen they areمِنَfromالْمُقْتَصِدِينَthe moderate.
If they were agreeing to Him in what He has obligated on them, then they are from the moderate.
وَإِنْAnd ifكَانُواthey wereمُوَافِقِينَagreeingفِيْمَاin whatأَوْجَبَهُHe has obligatedوَأَحَبَّهُand lovesفَهمthen they areمِنَofالمُقَرَّبِينَthe close ones.
And if they were agreeing in what He has obligated and loves, then they are of the close ones.
مَعَWhileأَنَّthatكُلَّeveryوَاجِبٌobligationمَحْبُوبٌis beloved.وَلَيْسَAnd notكُلُّeveryمَحْبُوبٌbelovedوَاجِبًاan obligation.
While every obligation is beloved, not every beloved is an obligation.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forمَاwhatيَبْتَلِيHe testsاللَّهُGodبِهِwith itعَبْدَهُHis servantمِنَfromالشَّرِّevilبِخَرْقِby breakingالْعَادَةِthe customأَوْorبِغَيْرِهَاby other meansأَوْorبِالضَّرَاءِby hardship.فَلَيْسَThen it is notذَلِكَthatلِأَجْلِfor the sakeكَرَامَةٍof the graceالْعَبْدِof the servantعَلَىtoرَبِّهِhis Lord.وَلَاand notهَوَانَهُhis humiliationعَلَيْهِupon Him.
And as for what God tests His servant with from evil, by breaking the custom or by other means or by hardship, then it is not for the sake of the grace of the servant upon his Lord, nor his humiliation upon Him.
بَلْButقَدْmayيَسْعَدَsucceedبِهَاwith itأَقْوَامٌsome peopleإِذَاifأَطَاعُوهُthey obey Himفِيinذَلِكَthat.وَقَدْAnd indeedيَشْقَىmay sufferبِهَاwith itقَوْمٌa peopleإِذَاifعَصَوْهُthey disobeyed Him.
But some people may succeed with it if they obey Him in that. And indeed, a people may suffer with it if they disobey Him.
قَالَGod saidتَعَالىthe Exaltedالْفَجْرَthe dawn.فَأَمَّاSo as forالْإِنْسَانِthe humanإِذَاwhenمَاhe isابْتَلَاهُtestedرَبُّهُhis Lordفَأَكْرَمَهُand honored himوَنَعَمَهُand blessed himفَيَقُولُhe saysرَبِّيMy Lordأَكْرَمَنِيhas honored me.
God said the Exalted: So as for the human, when his Lord tests him and honors him and blesses him, he says, 'My Lord has honored me.'
وَأَمَّاAnd as forإِذَاwhenمَاhe isابْتَلَاهُtestedفَقَدَand restrictedعَلَيْهِupon himرَزْقَهُhis provision.فَيَقُولُhe saysرَبِّيMy Lordأَهَانَنِيhas humiliated me.
And as for when he is tested and his provision is restricted, he says, 'My Lord has humiliated me.'
كَلَّاNot at allوَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonكَانَthere wereالنَّاسُpeopleفِيinهَذِهِthisالأُمُورِmatterعَلَىintoثَلَاثَةِthreeأَقْسَامٍcategories.قِسْمٌOne sectionتَرْتَفِعُraisesدَرَجَاتِهِمْtheir ranksبِخَرْقِby breakingالْعَادَةِthe customإِذَاwhenاسْتَعْمَلُوهَاthey use itفِيinالطَّاعَةِ.obedience.
Not at all. And for this reason, people are categorized into three in this matter. One section raises their ranks by breaking the custom when they use it in obedience.
وَقَوْمٌAnd a groupيَتَعَرَّضُونَexpose themselvesبِهَاto itلِعَذَابِto the punishmentاللَّهِof Godإِذَاifاسْتَعْمَلُوهَاthey use itفِيinمَعْصِيَةِdisobedienceاللَّهِof Godكَبِلاَعَمَlike Bil'amوَغَيْرِهِand others.
And a group expose themselves to the punishment of God if they use it in disobedience of God, like Bil'am and others.
وَقَوْمٌAnd a groupتَكُونُareفِيinحَقِّهِمْtheir regardبَمَنْزِلَةِas a kind ofالْمُبَاحَاتِpermissible.
And a group are in their regard like permissible matters.
وَالْقِسْمُAnd the first sectionالأَوَّلُis the believersهُمْwho areالْمُؤْمِنُونَthe true believersحَقًّاtrulyالْمُتَّبِعُونَfollowingلِنَبِيِّهِمْtheir Prophetسَيِّدِthe Lordوَلَدِof the sonsآدَمَof Adam.الَّذِيwhoإِنَّمَاindeedكَانَتْwereخَوَارِقُهُhis miraclesلِحُجَّةٍas a proofيُقِيمُto establishبِهَاwith itدِينُthe religionاللَّهِof Godأَوْorلِحَاجَةٍas a need.يَسْتَعِينُونَthey seek assistanceبِهَاwith itعَلَىonطَاعَةِobedienceاللَّهِof God.
And the first section is the believers, who are the true believers following their Prophet, the Lord of the children of Adam, whose miracles were indeed a proof to establish the religion of God or as a need to seek assistance for obedience to God.
وَلِكَثْرَةِAnd due to the abundanceاللَّغْطِof misunderstandingفِيinهَذَاthisالْأَصْلِfoundationنَهَىprohibitedرَسُولُthe Messengerاللَّهِof Godصَلَّى(peace be upon him)
And due to the abundance of misunderstanding in this foundation, the Messenger of God (peace be upon him) prohibited.