تُرْكُLeaveالأَهْوَاءَthe desiresالْمُحَبَّبَةَbelovedإِلَيْهِمْto themأَوْorحُصُولَobtainingأُمُورٍmattersمَكْرُوهَةٍdislikedإِلَيْهِمْto them,,فَيَكْذِبُونَهُمْso they lie to them.
They abandon the beloved desires to them or the obtaining of disliked matters to them, so they lie to them.
وَيُعَادُونَهُمْAnd they oppose themفَيَكُونُونَso they becomeمِنَofأَكْفَرِthe most ungratefulالنَّاسِpeopleكَإِبْلِيسَlike Iblisوَفِرْعَوْنَand Pharaoh.
And they oppose them so they become among the most ungrateful people like Iblis and Pharaoh.
مَعَwithعِلْمِهِمْtheir knowledgeبِأَنَّهُمْthat they areعَلَىuponالْبَاطِلِfalsehoodوَالرُّسُلَand the messengersعَلَىuponالْحَقِّthe truth.
With their knowledge that they are upon falsehood and the messengers are upon the truth.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonلَاdo notيُذْكَرُواmentionالْكَفَّارُthe disbelieversحُجَّةًa proofصَحِيحَةًcorrectتَقْدَحُthat diminishesفِيinصِدْقِthe truthfulnessالرُّسُلِof the messengers,,وَإِنَّمَاbut ratherيَعْتَمِدُونَthey relyعَلَىonمُخَالَفَةِthe contradictionأَهْوَائِهِمْof their desires.
And for this reason, the disbelievers do not mention a correct proof that diminishes the truthfulness of the messengers, but rather they rely on contradicting their desires.
كَقَوْلِهِمْLike their sayingلِنُوحٍto Noah::أَنُؤْمِنُShall we believe?لَكَin you?وَاتَّبَعَكَand those of your kind follow you.الْأَرْذَلُونَthe most despicable.
Like their saying to Noah: 'Shall we believe in you while the most despicable people follow you?'
وَمَعْلُومٌAnd it is knownأَنَّthatاتِّبَاعَthe followingالأَرْذَلِينَof the despicableلَهُof himلَاdoes notيَقْدَحُdiminishفِيinصِدْقِهِhis truthfulness.
And it is known that the following of the despicable does not diminish his truthfulness.
لَكِنَّButكَرِهُواthey hatedمُشَارَكَةَthe participationأَوْلَـٰئِكَof thoseكَمَاjust asطَلَبَthey requestedالْمُشْرِكُونَthe polytheistsمِنَfromالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetﷺpeace be upon him.
But they hated the participation of those just as the polytheists requested from the Prophet, peace be upon him.
إِبْعَادَto distanceالضُّعَفَاءَthe weak,,كَسَعْدٍlike Sa'adابْنِson ofأَبِيAbuوَقَاصٍWaqqas,,وَابْنِand son ofمَسْعُودٍMas'ud,,وَخَبَّابٍand Khabbabابْنِson ofالْأَرَتِّArat,,وَعَمَّارٍand Ammarابْنِson ofيَاسِرٍYasir.,,وَبِلَالٍAnd Bilalوَنَحْوِهِمْand those like them.
To distance the weak, like Sa'ad son of Abu Waqqas, and Ibn Mas'ud, and Khabbab son of Arat, and Ammar son of Yasir, and Bilal and those like them.
وَكَانَتْAnd it wasتِلْكَthatبِمَكَّةَin Meccaقَبْلَbeforeأَنْthatيَكُونَthere areفِيinالصَّحَابَةِthe companionsأَهْلَof the peopleصِفَةٍof the bench.
And it was that in Mecca before there were the companions of the bench.
فَأَنْزَلَSo Allah sent downاللَّهُAllahتَبَارَكَthe Blessedوَتَعَالَىand Exalted is He::﴿[وَلَاAnd do notتَطْرُدُواdrive awayالَّذِينَthose whoيَدْعُونَsupplicateرَبَّهُمto their Lordبِالْغَدَوَاتِmorning and eveningوَالْمَشِيand seekingيُرِيدُونَdesiringوَجْهَهُonly His face.مَاIt is notعَلَيْكَupon youمِنْofحِسَابِهِمtheir accountمِّنْfromشَيْءٍanything,,وَمَاand whatمِنْofحِسَابِكَyour accountعَلَيْهِمupon themمِّنfromشَيْءٍanything,,فَتَطْرُدَهُمْand if you drive them awayفَتَكُونَyou will beمِنَofالظَّالِمِينَthe wrongdoers.وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd likewiseفَتَنَّاwe have testedبَعْضَهُمْsome of themبِبَعْضٍwith othersلِيَقُولُواthat they may sayأَهَؤُلَاءِAre theseمَنَّwhomاللَّهُAllahعَلَيْهِمfavored upon themمِّنْfromبَيْنِنَاamong us?أَلَيْسَIs notاللَّهُAllahبِأَعْلَمَthe All-Knowingبِالشَّاكِرِينَof the grateful?﴿][الأنعام).(Al-An'am).
So Allah the Blessed and Exalted sent down: 'And do not drive away those who supplicate to their Lord morning and evening, desiring only His face. You have no account of them, and they have no account of you; if you drive them away, you will be of the wrongdoers. And likewise, We have tested some of them with others that they may say, 'Are these whom Allah has favored among us? Is not Allah the All-Knowing of the grateful?'
وَمَثَلٌAnd likeقَوْلِthe sayingفِرْعَوْنَof Pharaoh::أَنُؤْمِنُShall we believe?لِبَشَرَيْنِin two humansمِثْلِنَاlike us?وَقَوْمُهُمَاand their peopleلَنَاare for usعَبْدُونَservants.'
And like the saying of Pharaoh: 'Shall we believe in two humans like us while their people are our servants?'
وَقَوْلُAnd the sayingفِرْعَوْنَof Pharaoh: ﴿‘قَالَHe said,أَلَمْDid notنُرَبِّكَWe raise youفِينَاamong usوَلِيدًاas a child?وَلَبِثْتَAnd you stayedفِينَاamong usمِنْofعُمُرِكَyour lifetimeسِنِينَyears?وَفَعَلْتَAnd you didفِعْلَتَكَthat actالَّتِيwhichفَعَلْتَyou didوَأَنتَand youمِنَare ofالْكَافِرِينَthe disbelievers.﴿’
And the saying of Pharaoh: 'Did not We raise you among us as a child? And you stayed among us for many years of your life? And you did that act which you did, and you are of the disbelievers.'
وَمَثَلٌAnd likeقَوْلِthe sayingمَشْرِقِيَّةِof the pre-Islamic
And like the saying of the polytheist Arabs: 'If we follow guidance with you, we would be snatched from our land.'
قَالَAllah saidتَعَالَى:﴿‘أَوَلَمْDid notتُمَكِّنْyou provideلَهُمْthemحَرَامًاa sanctuaryوَأَمَانًاand safetyيَجُبُّwhere the fruits of everything are brought to themإِلَيْهِto it.ثَمَرَاتُand the blessingsكُلِّof allشَيْءٍthings.رِزْقًاas provisions.مِّنfromلَدُنَاUs.[الْقَصَصِ: ٥٧](Al-Qasas: 57).
Allah said: 'Did you not provide for them a sanctuary and safety where the fruits of everything are brought to them as provisions from Us?'
وَمَثَلٌAnd likeقَوْلِthe sayingقَوْمِof the peopleشُعَيْبٍof Shu'ayb.::لَهُto him.أَصَلَاتُكَDoes your prayerتَأْمُرُكَcommand youأَنْtoنَتْرُكَleaveمَاwhatيَعْبُدُthey worshipوَآبَاؤُنَاand our fathers?'
And like the saying of the people of Shu'ayb to him: 'Does your prayer command you to leave what our fathers worship?'
أَوْOrأَنْtoنَفْعَلَdoفِيinأَمْوَالِنَاour wealthمَاwhatنَشَأُواwe wish?[هُودٍ: ٧٨](Hud: 78).
Or to do in our wealth what we wish?
وَمَثَلٌAnd likeقَوْلِthe sayingعَامَّةِof the publicالْمُشْرِكِينَof the polytheists.::هُوَIndeedإِنَّاweوَجَدْنَاfoundوَآبَاءَنَاand our forefathersعَلَىonأُمَّةٍa nationوَإِنَّاand weعَلَىonأَثَرِهِمْtheir footstepsمُقْتَدُونَare following.'
And like the saying of the public polytheists: 'Indeed we found our forefathers upon a nation, and we are following their footsteps.'
وَتِلْكَAnd theseالْأُمُورُmattersوَأَمْثَالَهَاand their likesلَيْسَتْare notحُجَجًاproofsتَقْدَحُthat diminishفِيthe truthfulnessصِدْقِof the truthfulnessالرُّسُلِof the messengers.
And these matters and their likes are not proofs that diminish the truthfulness of the messengers.
بَلْRatherتُبَيِّنُthey showأَنَّهَاthat theyتُخَالِفُopposeإِرَادَتَهُمْtheir willوَأَهْوَائَهُمْand desires.وَعَادَاتِهِمْand customs.
Rather, they show that they oppose their will and desires and customs.
فَلِذَٰلِكَThereforeلَمْthey did notيَتْبَعُوهُمْfollow them.وَهَـٰؤُلَاءِAnd theseكُلُّهُمْall areكُفَّارٌdisbelievers.
Therefore, they did not follow them. And these are all disbelievers.
بَلْRatherأَبُوAbuطَالِبٍTalibوَغَيْرِهِمْand othersكَانُواwereيُحِبُّونَthey lovedالنَّبِيَّthe Prophetﷺpeace be upon him.وَيُحِبُّونَAnd they lovedعُلُوًّاthe heightكَلِمَتِهِof his word.وَلَيْسَAnd notعِندَهُمْwith themحَسَدٌenvyلَهُfor him.
Rather, Abu Talib and others were those who loved the Prophet, peace be upon him, and they loved the height of his word.
وَكَانُواAnd they wereيَعْلَمُونَknowingصِدْقَهُhis truthfulness,,وَلَكِنَّbutكَانُواthey wereيَعْلَمُونَknowingأَنَّهُthatفِيthe followingمُتَابَعَتِهِhis guidanceفِرَاقٌseparationدِينِfrom the religionآبَائِهِمof their fathersوَذَمَّand disapprovalقُرَيْشٍof Qurayshلَهُمْfor them.
And they were knowing his truthfulness, but they were knowing that in following him was a separation from the religion of their fathers and disapproval from Quraysh for them.
فَمَاSo whatاحْتَمَلَتْthey could bearنُفُوسُهُمْtheir soulsتَرْكُleaveتِلْكَthatالْعَادَةَhabitوَاحْتِمَالًاand the burdenهَذَاthis.
So what their souls could not bear was to leave that habit and the burden of this.