وَحَيَاةُAnd the lifeخَلَفَائِهِof his successorsوَأَصْحَابِهِand his companionsيُدْفَنُis buriedفِيهَاin itكُلَّeveryمَنَwhoأَظْهَرَshowedالإِيمَانَthe faithوَإِنْand even ifكَانَhe wasمُنَافِقًاa hypocriteفِيinالْبَاطِنِthe hidden
And the life of his successors and companions is buried in it; every person who showed faith, even if he was a hypocrite in secret.
وَلَمْAnd did notيَكُنthere existلِلْمُنَافِقِينَfor the hypocritesمَقْبَرَةٌa graveyardيَتَمَيَّزُونَto distinguish themselvesبِهَاby itعَنْfromالْمُسْلِمِينَthe Muslimsفِيinشَيْءٍany wayمِنْofدِيَارِthe landsالإِسْلَامِof Islam
And there was no graveyard for the hypocrites that distinguished them from the Muslims in any of the lands of Islam.
كَمَاJust asتَكُونُisلِلْيَهُودِfor the Jewsوَالنَّصَارَىand the Christiansمَقْبَرَةٌa graveyardيَتَمَيَّزُونَto distinguish themselvesبِهَاby it
Just as there is a graveyard for the Jews and the Christians to distinguish themselves by it.
وَمَنAnd whoeverدُفِنَis buriedفِيinمَقَابِرِthe graveyardsالْمُسْلِمِينَof the Muslimsصَلَّىthe prayer was performedعَلَيْهِمُon himالْمُسْلِمُونَthe Muslimsوَالصَّلَاةُand the prayerلَاnotتَجُوزُis permissibleعَلَىonمَنْwhoعَلِمَknewنِفَاقَهُhis hypocrisyبِنَصِّby the textالْقُرْآنِof the Quran
And whoever is buried in the graveyards of the Muslims, the Muslims prayed upon him; and the prayer is not permissible on anyone who knew his hypocrisy by the text of the Quran.
فَعُلِمَSo it is knownأَنَّthatذَلِكَthatبِنَاءٌis basedعَلَىonالإِيْمَانِthe faithالظَّاهِرِthe apparentوَاللَّهُand Allahيَتَوَلَّىtakes care ofالسَّرَائِرَthe hidden matters
So it is known that this is based on the apparent faith, and Allah takes care of the hidden matters.
وَقَدْAnd indeedكَانَwasالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetﷺ(peace be upon him)يُصَلِّيhe used to prayعَلَيْهِمْupon themوَيَسْتَغْفِرُand sought forgivenessلَهُمْfor themحَتَّىuntilنُهِيَhe was prohibitedعَنْfromذَلِكَthatوَعَلَّلَand he justifiedذَلِكَthatبِالْكُفْرِby disbelief
And indeed, the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to pray upon them and sought forgiveness for them until he was prohibited from that and he justified it by disbelief.
فَكَانَSo it becameذَلِكَthatدَلِيلًاan evidenceعَلَىonأَنَّthatكُلَّeveryمَنْwhoلَمْdid notيَعْلَمْknowأَنَّهُthat heكَافِرٌis a disbelieverبِالْبَاطِنِin secretجازَتْis permissibleالصَّلَاةُthe prayerعَلَيْهِon himوَالِاسْتِغْفَارُand seeking forgivenessلَهُfor him
So it became an evidence that every person who does not know that he is a disbeliever in secret, the prayer on him and seeking forgiveness for him is permissible.
وَإِنْAnd evenكَانَتْif there wereفِيهِin himبِدْعَةٌan innovationوَإِنْand even ifكَانَhe hadلَهُfor himذُنُوبٌsins
And even if there were an innovation in him, and even if he had sins.
وَإِذَاAnd ifتَرَكَthe Imam or the peopleالإِمَامُof knowledge and religionأَوْorأَهْلُthe peopleالعِلْمِof knowledgeوَالْدِّينِand religionالصَّلَاةَthe prayerعَلَىonبَعْضِsomeالْمُتَظَاهِرِينَof those appearingبِدْعَةٍinnovationأَوْorفُجُورٍimmoralityزَجْرًاas a deterrentعَنْهَاfrom itلَمْit is notيَكُنthere beذَلِكَthatمُحَرَّمًforbiddenلِلصَّلَاةِto prayعَلَيْهِon himوَالِاسْتِغْفَارُand seeking forgivenessلَهُfor him
And if the Imam or the people of knowledge and religion abstain from praying over some of those appearing with innovation or immorality as a deterrent from it, that does not make it forbidden to pray on him and seek forgiveness for him.
بَلْRatherقَالَsaidالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetﷺ(peace be upon him)فِيْمَنْabout whoeverكَانَwasيَمْتَنِعُhesitantعَنْfromالصَّلَاةِprayingعَلَيْهِon himوَهُوَwhile he isالْغَالِيthe one who was excessiveوَقَتَلَand killedنَفْسَهُhimselfوَالْمَدِينُand the debtorالَّذِيwhoلَاnotوَفَاءًfulfillmentلَهُfor himصَلُّواprayعَلَىonصَاحِبِكُمْyour companion
Rather, the Prophet (peace be upon him) said about whoever hesitated to pray on him, while he is the one who was excessive and killed himself, and the debtor who has no fulfillment for him: "Pray on your companion."
وَرُوِيَAnd it was narratedأَنَّهُthat heكَانَwasيَسْتَغْفِرُseeking forgivenessلِلرَّجُلِfor the manفِيinالْبَاطِنِsecretlyوَإِنْand even ifكَانَhe wasفِيinالظَّاهِرِthe apparentيَدَعُhe would leaveذَلِكَthatزَجْرًاdeterrentعَنْfromمِثْلِsimilar toمَذْهَبِهِhis doctrineكَمَاjust asرُوِيَit was narratedفِيinحَدِيثِthe hadithمُحَلِّمٍMuhallimبْنِson ofجُثَامَةَJathama
And it was narrated that he was seeking forgiveness for the man in secret, even if he was on the apparent leaving that as a deterrent from similar to his doctrine, just as it was narrated in the hadith of Muhallim bin Jathama.
وَلَيْسَAnd there is notفِيinالْكِتَابِthe Bookوَالسُّنَّةِand the Sunnahالْمُظْهَرُونَthose who showلِلْإِسْلَامِIslamإِلَّاexceptقِسْمَانِtwo categories
And there are not in the Book and the Sunnah, those who show Islam except for two categories.
مُؤْمِنٌa believerأَوْorمُنَافِقٌa hypocrite
A believer or a hypocrite.
فَالْمُنَافِقُSo the hypocriteفِيinالدَّرَكَthe lowestالْأَسْفَلِdownمِنَofالنَّارِthe Fireوَالْآخَرُand the otherمُؤْمِنٌis a believer.
So the hypocrite is in the lowest of the Fire, and the other is a believer.
ثُمَّThenقَدit can beيَكُونَthere beنَاقِصٌdeficientالإِيْمَانُthe faithفَلَاso notيَتَنَاوَلُهُis he takenالِاسْمُthe nameالْمُطْلَقُwith the absolute characterوَقَدand it can also beيَكُونَthere beتَامٌّcompleteالإِيْمَانُthe faith
Then there may be a deficient faith, so he is not taken by the name with the absolute character; and it may be that there is complete faith.
وَهَذَاAnd thisيَأْتِيwill comeالْكَلاَمُthe speechعَلَيْهِon itإِنْifشَاءَAllah willsاللَّهُGodفِيinمَسْأَلَةِthe matterالإِسْلَامِof Islamوَالْإِيمَانِand faithوَأَسْمَاءِand the namesالْفُسَّاقِof the sinnersمِنْfromأَهْلِthe peopleالْمِلَّةِof the faith
And this will come in the speech if Allah wills in the matter of Islam and faith and the names of the sinners from the people of the faith.
لَـكِنَّButالْمَقْصُودُthe intentهُنَاhereأَنَّهُis thatلَاnotيُجْعَلَis madeأَحَدٌanyoneبِمَجَرَّدِby merelyذَنْبٍa sinيَذْنِبُهُhe commitsوَلَاand notبِبِدْعَةٍby an innovationابْتَدَعَهَاhe innovatesوَلَوْeven ifدَعَاhe invitesالنَّاسَthe peopleإِلَيْهَاto it
But the intent here is that no one should be made a disbeliever merely by a sin he commits, nor by an innovation he innovates, even if he invites the people to it.
كَافِرًاa disbelieverفِيinالْبَاطِنِsecretlyإِلَّاexceptإِذَاifكَانَhe wasمُنَافِقًاa hypocrite.
A disbeliever in secret, except if he was a hypocrite.
فَأَمَّاAs forمَنْwhoكَانَwasفِيinقَلْبِهِhis heartالإِيْمَانُthe faithبِالرَّسُولِin the Messengerوَمَاand whatجَاءَcameبِهِwith itوَقَدand heغَلَطَmade a mistakeفِيinبَعْضِsomeمَاwhatتَأَوَّلَهُhe interpretedمِنَofالْبِدَعِthe innovationsفَهَذَاthisلَيْسَis notبِكَافِرٍa disbelieverأَصْلًاat all.
As for the one who had faith in the Messenger and what he brought, and he made a mistake in some of what he interpreted of innovations, this is not a disbeliever at all.
وَالخَوَارِجُAnd the Khawarijكَانُواwereمِنْamongأَظْهَرِthe most apparentالنَّاسِof the peopleبِدْعَةٍan innovationوَقَتْلٍand killingلِلْأُمَّةِthe Ummahوَتَكْفِيرٍand declaring disbelieversلَهَاon it
And the Khawarij were among the most apparent people of innovation and killing of the Ummah and declaring disbelievers on it.
وَلَمْAnd did notيَكُنthere beالصَّحَابَةُthe Companionsمِنْamongيُكَفِّرُهُمdeclared them disbelieversلَاneitherعَلِيٌAliبْنُbinأَبِيAbuطَالِبٍTalibوَلَاnorغَيْرُهُothersبَلْbutحَكَمُواthey ruledفِيهِمon them
And the Companions did not declare them disbelievers, neither Ali bin Abi Talib nor others; rather they ruled on them.