قَالَSaidبَعْضُهُمْSome of themبَأَنَّهَاThat she isمُؤْمِنَةٌA believer,,فَهِيَSo she isحِينَWhenتُقِرُّShe admitsبِذَٰلِكَTo that,,فَحُكْمُهَاThen her rulingحُكْمٌIs the rulingالْمُؤْمِنَةِOf the believer,,هَذَاThisمَعْنَاهُMeansقُلْتُI saidلِأَبِيTo Abuعَبْدِ اللَّهِAbdullah::تَفَرَّقَDo you differentiateبَيْنَBetweenالْإِيمَانِFaithوَAndالإِسْلَامِIslam؟?
Some of them said that she is a believer, so when she admits that, her ruling is the ruling of a believer, this means it.
فَقَالَHe said::قَدِIndeedاِخْتَلَفَDifferedالنَّاسُThe peopleفِيْهِIn it,,وَكَانَAnd it wasحَمَّادٌHammadبْنُBinزَيْدٍZaydزَعَمُواThey claimedيُفَرِّقُDifferentiatesبَيْنَBetweenالْإِيمَانِFaithوَAndالإِسْلَامِIslam,,قِيلَIt was saidلَهُTo him::مَنْWho areالْمُرْجِئَةُThe Murji’ah؟?
He said: Indeed, the people differed in it, and it was claimed that Hammad bin Zayd differentiates between faith and Islam. It was said to him: Who are the Murji’ah?
قَالَHe said::الَّذِينَThose whoيَقُولُونَSay::الإِيمَانُFaithقَوْلٌIs a statementبِلَاWithoutعَمَلٍAction.
He said: Those who say: Faith is a statement without action.
قُلْتُI said::فَأَحْمَدُSo AhmadبْنُBinحَنْبَلٍHanbalلَمْDid notيَرِدْMentionقَطُّEverأَنَّهُThat heسَلَبَNegatedجَمِيعَAllالإِيمَانِOf the faith,,فَلَمْSo did notيَبْقَRemainمَعَهُWith himمِنْهُOf itشَيْءٌAnything,,كَمَاAsتَقُولُهُYou sayالْخَوَارِجُThe KharijitesوَAndالْمُعْتَزِلَةُThe Mu’tazilah,,فَإِنَّهُFor heقَدْIndeedصَرَّحَClarifiedفِيInغَيْرِOtherمَوْضِعٍPlacesبِأَنَّThatأَهْلَThe peopleالْكَبَائِرِOf major sinsمَعَهُمْWith themإِيمَانٌFaithيَخْرُجُونَThey exitبِهِBy itمِنَFromالنَّارِThe FireوَAndاِحْتَجَّHe cited evidenceبِقَوْلِهِBy his sayingالنَّبِيِّThe ProphetﷺPeace be upon him::«اخْرُجُوا"Bring outمِنَFromالنَّارِThe Fireمَنْ كَانَWhoeverفِيInقَلْبِهِHis heartمِثْقَالٌThe weight ofذَرَّةٍAn atomمِنْOfإِيمَانٍ»Faith"
I said: So Ahmad bin Hanbal never mentioned that he negated all faith, so nothing remained with him of it, as the Kharijites and the Mu’tazilah say, for he indeed clarified in other places that the people of major sins have faith with them by which they exit from the Fire and he cited evidence by the saying of the Prophet ﷺ: "Bring out from the Fire whoever has the weight of an atom of Faith in his heart."
وَلَيْسَAnd is notهَذَاThisقَوْلُهُHis sayingوَلَاNorقَوْلٌThe sayingأَحَدٍOf anyoneأَئِمَّةٍOf the ImamsأَهْلِOf the peopleالسُّنَّةِOf Sunnah,,بَلْRatherكُلَّهُمْAll of themمُتَّفِقُونَAgreeعَلَىOnأَنْThatالْفُسَّاقَThe sinfulالَّذِينَThose whoلَيْسُواAre notمُنَافِقِينَHypocritesمَعَهُمْWith themشَيْءٌAnythingمِنَOfالإِيمَانِFaithيَخْرُجُونَThey exitبِهِWith itمِنَFromالنَّارِThe FireهُوَIsالْفَارِقُThe distinctionبَيْنَهُمْBetween themوَبَيْنَAnd betweenالْكُفَّارِThe disbelieversوَالْمُنَافِقِينَAnd the hypocrites,,لَكِنْButإِذَاIfكَانَThere isمَعَهُWith himبَعْضُSomeالإِيمَانِOf the faithلَمْNotيَلْزَمْNecessarilyأَنْThatيَدْخُلَHe entersفِيIntoالْاسْمِThe nameالْمُطْلَقِAbsoluteالْمَمْدُوحِLaudable,,وَصَاحِبُAnd the possessorالشَّرْعِOf the Shari’ahقَدْIndeedنَفَىDeniedالْاسْمَThe nameعَنْFromهَؤُلَاءِThese،,فَقَالَHe said::«لَا"NoيَزْنِيOne commits adulteryالزَّانِيThe adultererحِينَWhileيَزْنِيHe commits adulteryوَهُوَAnd he isمُؤْمِنٌ»A believer"
And this is not his saying nor the saying of anyone of the Imams of the people of Sunnah, rather all of them agree that the sinful who are not hypocrites have something of faith with which they exit from the Fire; this is the distinction between them and the disbelievers and the hypocrites. But if there is some faith with him, it does not necessitate that he enters into the absolute laudable name, and the possessor of the Shari’ah indeed denied the name from these, for he said: "No adulterer commits adultery while he is a believer."
وَقَالَAnd he said::«لَا"NoيُؤْمِنُOne believesأَحَدُكُمْOne of youحَتَّىUntilيُحِبَّHe lovesلِأَخِيهِFor his brotherمِنَOfالْخَيْرِGoodمَاWhatيُحِبُّHe lovesلِنَفْسِهِ»For himself."
And he said: "No one of you believes until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself."
وَقَالَAnd he said::«لَا"NoيُؤْمِنُOne believesمِنْOfلَاDoes notيَأْمَنُFeel secureجَارُهُHis neighborبَوَائِقَهُHis harmsوَأَقْسَمَAnd he sworeعَلَىOnذَٰلِكَThatمَرَّاتٍTimesوَقَالَAnd he said:: «الْمُؤْمِنُ"The believerمِنْFromأَمِنَهُWhom the people feel safeالنَّاسُThe peopleعَلَىUponدِمَائِهِمTheir bloodوَأَمْوَالِهِم»And their wealth."
And he said: "No one believes from whom his neighbor does not feel safe from his harms," and he swore to that many times and he said: "The believer is the one whom the people feel safe upon their blood and their wealth."
وَالْمُعْتَزِلَةُAnd the Mu’tazilahيَنْفُونَDenyعَنْهُFrom himاسْمَThe nameالإِيمَانِOf faithبالْكُلِّيَّةِCompletely,,وَاسْمَAnd the nameالإِسْلَامِIslamأَيْضًاAlso,,وَيَقُولُونَAnd they say::لَيْسَThere is notمَعَهُWith himشَيْءٌAnythingمِنَOfالإِيمَانِFaithوَAndالإِسْلَامِIslamوَيَقُولُونَ: نَنْزِلُWe place himمَنْزِلَةًIn a rankبَيْنَBetweenمَنْزِلَتَيْنِTwo ranks.فَهُمْSo theyيَقُولُونَSay::إِنَّهُThat heيَخْلُدُWill remain foreverفِيInالنَّارِThe FireلَاNotيَخْرُجُExitمِنْهَاFrom itبِالشَّفَاعَةِBy intercessionوَهَذَاAnd thisهُوَIsالَّذِيWhatأَنْكَرَThey deniedعَلَيْهِمْUpon them.
And the Mu’tazilah completely deny from him the name of faith and the name of Islam too, and they say: There is nothing with him of faith and Islam, and they say: We place him in a status between two statuses. So they say: He will remain forever in the Fire, not to exit from it by intercession, and this is what they denied upon them.
تَقَدَّمَPreviouslyهَذَاThisالْحَدِيثُHadithوَهُوَAnd it isعِندَWithالشَّيْخَيْنِThe two Shaykhs.[[الصَّفْحَةُPage٢٠١201]]
Previously, this hadith is with the two Shaykhs.
(١)(1)تَقَدَّمَPreviouslyهَذَاThisالْحَدِيثُHadith،,وَهُوَAnd it isعِندَWithالشَّيْخَيْنِThe two Shaykhs.[[الصَّفْحَةُPage١٤14,,١٣13]]
(1) Previously, this hadith is with the two Shaykhs.
(٤)(4)حَدِيثٌHadithصَحِيحٌAuthenticأَخْرَجَهُReportedأَحْمَدُAhmadوَغَيْرُهُAnd othersمِنْFromحَدِيثِThe narrationأَبِيOf AbuهُرَيْرَةَHurairaوَأَنَسٍAnd AnasوَفُضَالَةَAnd FudalaبِنْBinعُبَيْدٍUbaid،,وَصَحَّحَهُAnd authenticated itالتُّرْمِذِيُّAl-Tirmidhi.. [[اِنظُرْSeeصَحِيحٌAuthenticسُنَنُSunansالتُّرْمِذِيِّAl-Tirmidhi٢١١٨2118،,وَصَحِيحٌAnd authenticسُنَنُSunansالنَّسَائِيِّAn-Nasa’i٤٦٢٢, وَAndصَحِيحٌCorrectسُنَنُSunansابْنِIbnمَاجَهِMajah،,},{٣١٧٨3178,,وَمُسْنَدٌAnd the MusnadالإِمَامِOf ImamأَحْمَدَAhmad،,},{٢٣٩٦٠23960،,وَصَحِيحٌAnd authenticالْجَامِعُThe collectionالصَّغِيرُThe minor٦٦٥٨, وَسِلْسِلَةٌAnd the seriesالْأَحَادِيثِOf hadithsالصَّحِيحَةِAuthentic»"الْجُزْءُPartالثَّانِيThe secondبِرَقَمٍWith number٥٤٩549,,طُبِعَPrintedالْمَكْتَبُThe Islamic OfficeالإِسْلَامِيُّIslamic.
(4) An authentic hadith reported by Ahmad and others from the narration of Abu Huraira and Anas and Fudala bin Ubaid, and authenticated by Al-Tirmidhi. [See Authentic Sunan Al-Tirmidhi 2118, and Authentic Sunan An-Nasa’i 4622, and Correct Sunan Ibn Majah 3178, and Musnad of Imam Ahmad 23960, and authentic portion of Al-Jami’ Al-Saghir 6658, and the series of authentic hadiths, part two number 549, printed by the Islamic Office.]