هُمْtheyبِهِwith Himمُشْرِكُونَthose who associate partners (with Him)
They associate partners with Him.
فَإنَّFor indeedالمُسْتَعِيذthe one seeking refugeبِاللَّهِin Allahمُسْتَجِيرٌis seeking protectionبِهِwith Himلَاجِئٌis a refugeإِلَيْهِto Him,,مُسْتَغِيثٌseeking helpبِهِwith Himمِنَfromالشَّيْطَانِthe devil
For indeed the one seeking refuge in Allah is seeking protection with Him, is a refuge to Him, and is seeking help from Him against the devil.
فَالعَائِذُSo the one who seeks refugeبِغَيْرِهِin something elseمُسْتَجِيرٌis seeking protectionبِهِwith it
So the one who seeks refuge in something else is seeking protection with it.
فَإِذَاSo ifعَادَhe returnsالْعَبْدُthe servantبِرَبِّهِto his Lord,,كَانَhe isمُسْتَجِيرًاseeking refugeبِهِwith Himمُتَوَكِّلًاrelyingعَلَيْهِon Him,,فَيُعِيدُهُand He will return himاللَّهُAllahمِنَfromالشَّيْطَانِthe devilوَيُجِيرُهُand grant him refugeمِنْهُfrom it
So if the servant returns to his Lord, he is seeking refuge with Him, relying on Him, and Allah will return him from the devil and grant him refuge from it.
وَلِذَلِكَAnd thereforeقَالَAllah saidتَعَالَىthe Most High::ادْفَعْRepelبِالَّتِيwith that whichهِيَisأَحْسَنُbestفَإِذَاSo ifالَّذِيthe one whoبَيْنَكَbetween youوَبَيْنَهُand himعَدَاوَةٌthere is enmity,,كَأَنَّكُمْas you areوَلِيٌّa close friendحَمِيمٌintimate
And therefore, Allah the Most High said: "Repel (evil) with that which is best, and when there is enmity between you and him, (the one) you should be a close friend (to)."
وَمَاAnd noneيُلَقَّاهَاis granted itإِلَّاexceptالَّذِينَthose whoصَبَرُواare patient,,وَمَاand noneيُلَقَّاهَاis granted itإِلَّاexceptذُوthe one withحَظٍّan abundanceعَظِيمٍof good fortune
And none is granted it except those who are patient; and none is granted it except the one with an abundance of good fortune.
وَإِمَّاAnd ifيَنْزَغَنَّكَthe devil causes you to slipمِنَfromالشَّيْطَانِthe devilنَزْغٌa provocationفَاسْتَعِذْthen seek refugeبِاللَّهِwith Allah,,إِنَّهُindeed Heهُوَisالسَّمِيعُthe All-Hearingالْعَلِيمُthe All-Knowing
And if the devil causes you to slip, then seek refuge with Allah; indeed He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.
وَفِيAnd in«الصَّحيحينِthe two Sahih (collections)عَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetأَنَّهُthat heقَالَsaid::إِنِّيIndeed, Iلَأَعْلَمُknowكَلِمَةًa wordلَوْifقَالَهَاhe said itلَذَهَبَit would removeعَنْهُfrom himمَاwhatيَجِدُhe findsأَعُوذُI seek refugeبِاللَّهِwith Allahمِنَfromالشَّيْطَانِthe devilالرَّجِيمِthe accursed
And in the two Sahih collections, it is reported from the Prophet that he said: "Indeed, I know a word, if he said it, it would remove from him what he finds: 'I seek refuge with Allah from the accursed devil.'"
فَأَمَرَSo He commandedسُبْحَانَهُthe Most Glorifiedبِالِاسْتِعَاذَةِto seek refugeعِنْدَwhenطَلَبِrequestingالْعَبْدِthe servantالْخَيْرَgoodness,,لِئَلَّاso that notيَعُوقَهُit hinders himالشَّيْطَانُthe devilعَنْهُfrom it,,وَعِنْدَمَاand whenيُعْرَضُit is presentedعَلَيْهِto himمِنَfromالشَّرِّevilلِيَدْفَعَهُto repel itعَنْهُfrom himعِندَwhenإِرَادَةِthe desireالْعَبْدِthe servantلِلْحَسَنَاتِfor good deeds,,وَعِنْدَمَاand whenيَأْمُرُهُhe commands himالشَّيْطَانُthe devilبِالسَّيِّئَاتِwith sins
So He commanded, the Most Glorified, to seek refuge when the servant requests goodness, so that the devil does not hinder him from it; and when evil is presented to him, to repel it from him when the servant desires good deeds, and when the devil commands him with sins.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonقَالَthe Prophet ﷺ said::لَاDo notيَزَالُcease toالشَّيْطَانُthe devilيَأْتِيcome toأَحَدُكُمْone of youفَيَقُولُand say::مِنْwho createdخَلَقَcreatedكَذَا؟such and such?مِنْwho createdخَلَقَcreatedكَذَا؟such and such?حَتَّىuntilيَقُولَhe says::مِنْwho createdخَلَقَAllah?فَمَنْSo whoeverوَجَدَfindsذَٰلِكَthatفَلْيَسْتَعِذْlet him seek refugeبِاللَّهِwith Allahوَلْيَنْتَهِand let him stop.
And for this reason, the Prophet ﷺ said: "Do not cease the devil from coming to one of you and say: 'Who created such and such?' until he says: 'Who created Allah?' So whoever finds that, let him seek refuge with Allah and let him stop."
فَأَمَرَSo He commandedبِالِاسْتِعَاذَةِto seek refugeعِنْدَمَاwhenيَطْلُبُthe devil asksالشَّيْطَانُthe devilأَنْtoيُوقِعَهُcause him to fallفِيintoشَرٍّevil,,أَوْorيَمْنَعَهُprevent himمِنَfromخَيْرٍgood
So He commanded to seek refuge when the devil asks to cause him to fall into evil, or prevent him from good.
كَمَاAsيَفْعَلُdoesالْعَدُوُّthe enemyمَعَwithعَدُوِّهِhis enemy
As the enemy does with his enemy.
وَكُلَّمَاAnd wheneverكَانَit wasالْإِنْسَانُthe personأَعْظَمَgreaterرَغْبَةًdesireفِيinالْعِلْمِknowledgeوَالْعِبَادَةِand worship,,وَأَقْدَرَand more capableعَلَىofذَٰلِكَthatمِنْthanغَيْرِهِothers,,بِحَيْثِso thatتَكُونَit becomesقُوَّتُهُhis strengthعَلَىonذَٰلِكَthatأَقْوَىstronger,,وَرَغْبَتُهُand his desireوَإِرَادَتُهُand his willفِيinذَٰلِكَthatأَتْمَّmore complete,,كَانَthen it wasمَاwhatيَحْصُلُhe obtainsلَهُfor himإِنifسَلَّمَهُhe is savedاللَّهُAllahمِنَfromالشَّيْطَانِthe devilأَعْظَمَgreater,,وَكَانَand it wasمَاwhatيُفْتَتَنُhe will be temptedبِهِwith itإِنifتَمَكَّنَthe devil can accessالشَّيْطَانُthe devilمِنْهُfrom him,,أَعْظَمَgreater
And whenever the person has a greater desire in knowledge and worship, and is more capable of that than others, so that his strength in that is stronger, and his desire and will in that are more complete, then what he obtains, if Allah saves him from the devil, is greater, and what he is tempted with, if the devil gains access to him, is greater.
وَلِذَلِكَAnd for this reasonقَالَal-Shabi said::كُلُّEveryأُمَّةٍnationعُلَمَاؤُهَاits scholarsشِرَارُهَاare the worst of them,,إِلَّاexceptالْمُسْلِمِينَthe Muslims,,فَإنَّfor indeedعُلَمَاؤَهُمْtheir scholarsخِيَارُهُمْare the best of them.,,وَأَهْلُAnd the people ofالسُّنَّةِthe SunnahفِيinالإِسْلَامِIslamكَأَهْلِis like the people ofالإِسْلَامِIslamفِيinالْمَلَلِthe nations
And for this reason, al-Shabi said: "Every nation whose scholars are the worst of them, except the Muslims; for indeed their scholars are the best of them."
وَذَٰلِكَAnd thatأَنْis becauseكُلُّeveryأُمَّةٍnationغَيْرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَother than Muslimsفَهُمْthey areضَالاٌّastray,,وَإِنَّمَاand onlyيُضِلُّهُمْtheir scholars mislead themعُلَمَاؤُهُمْtheir scholarsشِرَارُهُمْare the worst of them,,وَالْمُسْلِمُونَand the Muslimsعَلَىonهُدًىguidance,,وَإِنَّمَاand onlyيَتَبَيَّنُis clarifiedالْهُدَىthe guidanceبِعُلَمَائِهِمْby their scholars,,فَعُلَمَاؤُهُمْso their scholars areخِيَارُهُمْtheir best.,,وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd likewiseأَهْلُthe people ofالسُّنَّةِthe Sunnah،, أَئِمَّتُهُمْtheir leadersخِيَارٌare the bestالْأُمَّةِof the nationوَأَئِمَّةُand the imams ofأَهْلِthe people ofالْبِدَعِinnovationأَضَرُّare more damagingعَلَىtoالْأُمَّةِthe nationمِنَthanأَهْلِthe people ofالذُّنُوبِsins
And that is because every nation, other than Muslims, they are astray, and only their scholars mislead them; their scholars are the worst of them. And Muslims are on guidance, and only the guidance is clarified by their scholars, so their scholars are their best. And likewise, the people of the Sunnah, their leaders are the best of the nation, and the imams of the people of innovation are more damaging to the nation than the people of sins.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonأَمَرَthe Prophet commandedالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetبِقَتْلِto killالْخَوَارِجِthe Kharijites,,وَنَهَىand forbadeعَنْagainstقِتَالِfightingالْوُلَاةِthe rulers
And for this reason, the Prophet commanded to kill the Kharijites, and forbade against fighting the rulers.
(۱)(1)أَخْرَجَهُReported byالشَّيْخَانِthe two Shaykhs
(1) Reported by the two Shaykhs.