وَالثَّلاثِينَand thirtyفِيinبَيَانٍstatementتَفْصِيلٍdetailالإِسْلاَمِIslamوَالإِيمَانِand faith,,وَشَرْحٍand explanationعُقُودٍcontractsمُعَامَلَةٍdealingsالْقَلْبِof the heartمِنْofمَذَهَبِthe doctrineأَهْلِthe people ofالجَمَاعَةِthe community
And thirty (concerns) in detailing Islam and faith, and explaining the contracts of the heart from the doctrine of the people of the community.
وَهَذَاAnd thisالَّذِيwhichقَالَهُhe saidأَجْوَدُbetterمِمَّاthan whatقَالَهُhe saidكَثِيرٌmanyمِنَofالنَّاسِthe people,,
And this which he said is better than what many people have said.
لَكِنَّButيُنَازِعُhe disputesفِيinشَيْئَيْنِtwo things
But he disputes in two things.
أَحَدُهُمَاOne of them::أَنْthatالْمُسْلِمَthe Muslimالْمُسْتَحِقَّworthyلِلثَّوَابِof rewardلَاmust notبِدَbe withoutأَنْtoيَكُونَbeمَعَهُwith himالإِيمَانَthe faithالْوَاجِبَthe obligatoryالْمُفَصَّلَdetailedالْمَذْكُورَmentionedفِيinحَدِيثِthe hadithجِبْرِيلَGabriel
One of them is that the Muslim deserving of reward must have with him the obligatory detailed faith mentioned in the hadith of Gabriel.
وَالثَّانِيAnd the second::أَنْthatالنَّبِيَّthe Prophetﷺإِنَّمَاonlyيُطْلِقُhe declaresمُؤْمِنًاa believerدُونَwithoutمُسْلِمٍMuslimفِيinمِثْلِlikeقَوْلِthe sayingالنَّبِيِّof the Prophetﷺ: أَوْorمُسْلِمٍMuslim
And the second is that the Prophet only declares someone a believer without (calling him a) Muslim in the like of what the Prophet said: 'or a Muslim'.
لِكَوْنِهِBecause he isلَيْسَnotمِنْofخَوَاصِّthe eliteالمُؤْمِنِينَbelieversوَأَفَاضِلِهِمْand their best ones
Because he is not from the elite of the believers and their best.
كَأَنَّهُAs ifيَقُولُhe is saying::لِكَوْنِهِBecause he isلَيْسَnotمِنْofالسَّابِقِينَthe foremostالمُقَرَّبِينَthe closest ones
As if he is saying: Because he is not from the foremost, the closest ones.
بَلْRatherمِنَfromالمُقَتَصِدِينَthe moderateالأَبْرَارِthe righteous
But rather from the moderate righteous.
فَهَذَاSo thisمِمَّاis among whatتَنَازَعَthe majority disagreedفِيهِمَاin themجُمْهُورُthe majorityالعُلَمَاءِof scholars
So this is among what the majority of scholars disputed.
وَيَقُولُونَAnd they say::لَمْdid notيَقُلْsayالنَّبِيُّthe ProphetفِيinذَاكَthatالرَّجُلَmanأَوْorمُسْلِمٍMuslim
And they say: The Prophet did not say about that man 'or Muslim'.
لِكَوْنِهِBecause he isلَمْnotيَكُنْbeمِنْofخَوَاصِّthe eliteالمُؤْمِنِينَbelieversوَأَفَاضِلِهِمْand their best ones
Because he was not among the elite of the believers and their best.
كَالسَّابِقِينَlike the foremost,,المُقَرَّبِينَthe closest
like the foremost, the closest.
فَإِنَّFor ifهَذَاthisلَوْifكَانَwereكَذَلِكَsoلَكَانَit would beيُنَفِيnegatingالإِيمَانَthe faithالْمُطْلَقَthe absoluteعَنْaboutالأَبْرَارِthe righteousالمُقَتَصِدِينَthe moderateالْمُتَّقِينَthe righteousالْمَعْوُودِينَthe promisedبِالْجَنَّةِwith Paradiseبِلَاwithoutعَذَابٍpunishmentإِذَاifكَانُواthey wereمِنْofأَصْحَابِthe companionsالْيَمِينِof the right,,وَلَمْand notيَكُونُواbeمِنْofالسَّابِقِينَthe foremost,,وَالْمُقَرَّبِينَand the closest
For if this were the case, it would negate the absolute faith of the righteous, the moderate, the righteous who are promised with Paradise without punishment if they are of the companions of the right, and if they are not from the foremost, the closest.
وَلَيْسَAnd it is notالأَمْرُthe matterكَذَلِكَlike thatبَلbutكُلَّeveryمِنْofأَصْحَابِthe companionsالْيَمِينِof the right,,السَّابِقِينَthe foremost,,الْمُقَرَّبِينَthe closestكُلُّهُمْall of themمُؤْمِنُونَare believersمَعْوُودُونَpromisedبِالْجَنَّةِwith Paradiseبِلَاwithoutعَذَابٍpunishment,,وَكُلُّand everyoneمِنْwhoكَانَwasكَذَلِكَas suchفَهُوَhe isمُؤْمِنٌa believerبِاتِّفَاقِby agreementالمُسْلِمِينَof Muslimsمِنْofأَهْلِthe people ofالسُّنَّةِthe Sunnahوَأَهْلِand the people ofالْبِدَعِinnovation
And the matter is not like that; rather, every one of the companions of the right, the foremost, the closest, are all believers promised with Paradise without punishment, and every one who was like that, he is a believer by agreement of Muslims from the people of the Sunnah and the people of innovation.
وَلَوْAnd ifجَازَit were permissibleأَنْtoيُنْفَىnegateالإِيمَانُthe faithعَنْaboutشَخْصٍa personلِكَوْنِهُbecauseغَيْرَهُsomeone elseأَفْضَلُbetterمِنْهُthan himإِيمَانًاin faith,,نَفْيُnegationالإِيمَانِof faithعَنْaboutأَكْثَرَmostأَوْلِيَاءِfriendsاللَّهِof Allahالْمُتَّقِينَthe righteous,,بَلْbutوَعَنْand aboutكَثِيرٍmanyمِنَofالْأَنْبِيَاءِthe prophets,,وَهَذَاand thisفِيis inغَاياتِthe utmostالْفَسادِcorruption
And if it were permissible to negate the faith about a person because someone else is better than him in faith, it would necessitate the negation of faith about most of the friends of Allah the righteous, but also about many of the prophets, and this is in utmost corruption.
وَهَذاAnd thisمِنْofجِنْسِthe typeقَوْلٍthe sayingمِنْofيَقُولُwho says::نَفْيٌnegationالِاسْمِthe nameنَفْيٌnegationكَمَالَهُits completenessالْمُسْتَحَبِّthe desirable
And this is of the type of those who say: the negation of the name is a negation of its desirable completeness.
وَقَدْAnd indeedذَكَرْنَاwe have mentionedأَنْthatمِثْلَsuch as thisلَاdoes notيُوجَدُexistفِيinكَلَامِthe speechاللَّهِof Allahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messenger,,بَلْbutهَذَاthisالْحَدِيثُthe hadithخَصَّwas specificمِنْto whomقِيلَwas saidفِيهِin itمُسْلِمٌMuslimوَلَيْسَand notبِمُؤْمِنٍa believer
And indeed, we have mentioned that such as this does not exist in the speech of Allah and His Messenger, but this hadith was specific to whom it was said: 'Muslim' and not 'a believer'.
فَلَاSo there must notبِدَbe withoutأَنْthatيَكُونَhe isنَاقِصًاdeficientعَنْfromدَرَجَةِthe degreeالأَبْرَارِof the righteousالْمُقَتَصِدِينَthe moderateأَهْلِthe people ofالْجَنَّةِParadise,,وَيَكُونَand he isإِيمَانُهُhis faithنَاقِصًاdeficientعَنْfromإِيمَانِthe faithهَـؤُلَـاءِof these
So there must not be without that he is deficient from the degree of the righteous, the moderate people of Paradise, and his faith is deficient from the faith of these.
كُلَّهُall of itفَلَاSo there must notيَكُونَbeقَدِhadأَتَىcomeبِالإِيمَانِwith the faithالَّذِيwhichأَمَرَhe mandatedبِهَـؤُلَـاءِto theseكُلَّهُall of itثُمَّThenإِنifكَانَhe wasقَادِرًاableعَلَىtoذَاكَthatالإِيمَانِfaithوَتَرَكَand he leftالْوَاجِبَاتِthe obligation,,كَانَhe wasمُسْتَحِقًّاworthyلِلذَّمِّof blameوَإِنand ifقَدِّرَhe couldأَنَّهُthat heلَاnotيَقْدِرُable toعَلَىtoذَاكَthatالإِيمَانِfaithالَّذِيwhichاتَّصَفَhe describedبِهِwithهَـؤُلَـاءِtheseكَانَwasعَاجِزًاincapableعَنْofمِثْلِlikeإِيمَانِهِمtheir faith
So there must not be without that he had come with the faith which was mandated to these all of it. Then if he was able to that faith and left the obligation, he was worthy of blame. And if it is assumed that he was not able to that faith which he described with these, he was incapable of being like their faith.
وَلَاAnd notيَكُونَhe beهَذَاthisوَجَبَتْit is necessaryعَلَيْهِupon himفَهُوَhe isوَإِنand ifدَخَلَhe enteredالجَنَّةَParadise,,لَاnotيَكُونَhe beكَمَنْlike one whoقَدَّرَassumedأَنَّهُthat heآمَنَbelievedإِيمَانًاin faithمُجْمَلًاin a general wayوَمَاتَand diedقَبْلَbeforeأَنْtoيَعْلَمَknowتَفْصِيلَthe detailedالإِيمَانِthe faithوَقَبْلَand beforeأَنْtoيَتَحَقَّقَbe confirmedبِهِwith itوَيَعْمَلَand actsبِشَيْءٍwith somethingمِنْهُof it,,فَهُوَhe isيَدْخُلُhe will enterالجَنَّةَParadise,,لَكِنَّbutلَاnotيَكُونَhe beمِثْلَlikeأُولَـئِكَthose
And not this must be upon him, for he is, and if he enters Paradise, he will not be like one who assumed that he believed in faith in a general way and died before he knew the detailed faith, and before he was confirmed with it and acted with something of it; he will enter Paradise, but he will not be like those.