وَقَالَAnd saidحَنْبَلHanbal::حَدَّثَنَاHe narrated to usأَبُوAbuعَبْدِ اللَّهAbd Allahبِحَدِيثٍwith the حديث (narration)بُرَيْدَةَBuraida::كَانَwasرَسُولُ اللَّهِthe Messenger of AllahﷺPeace be upon himيُعَلِّمُهُمْteaching themإِذَاifخَرَجُواthey went outإِلَىtoالْمَقَابِرِthe gravesأَنْthatيَقُولَthey should sayقَائِلُهُمْtheir speaker::السَّلاَمُPeaceعَلَيْكُمْbe upon youأَهْلُpeople ofالْدِيَارِthe dwellingsمِنَofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersوَالْمُسْلِمِينَand the MuslimsوَإِنَّاAnd weإنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُif God willsبِكُمْwith youلَاحِقُونَ»will be following you
Hanbal said: Abu Abd Allah narrated to us a Hadith from Buraida: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was teaching them, when they go out to the graves, that their speaker should say: Peace be upon you, O people of these dwellings, of the believers and Muslims. And we, if God wills, will be following you.
......الْحَدِيثُthe narration(۱)(1)قَالَhe said،,وَسَمِعْتُAnd I heardأَبَاAbuعَبْدِ اللَّهAbd Allahيَقُولُsaying::فِيinهَذَاthisالْحَدِيثِnarrationحُجَّةٌan evidenceعَلَىagainstمَنwhoقَالَsaid::الْإِيمَانُFaithقَوْلٌis a statement،,فَمَنso whoeverقَالَsays::أَنَاI amمُؤْمِنٌa believer[فَقَدْ[hasخَالفَcontradictedقَوْلَهُhis statement::مِنَofالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersوَالْمُسْلِمِينَand MuslimsفَبَيَّنَSo he clarifiesالْمُؤْمِنَthe believerمِنَfromالْمُسْلِمِthe Muslim،,وَرَدَّAnd he refutesعَلَىagainstمَنwhoقَالَsaid::أَنَاI amمُؤْمِنٌa believerمُسْتَكْمِلٌfully completeالْإِيمَانَfaith,,وَقَوْلُهُand his saying::وَإِنَّاAnd weإنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُif God willsبِكُمْwith youلَاحِقُونَwill be following--وَهُوَand heيَعْلَمُknowsأَنَّهُthat heمَيْتٌis dead--يُشَدُّstrengthensقَوْلُthe statementمَنofقَالَwho said::أَنَاI amمُؤْمِنٌa believerإنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُif God willsبِالْاستِثْنَاءِwith exceptionفِيinهَذَاthisالْمَوْضِعِcontext
... The narration (1) He said and I heard Abu Abd Allah saying: In this narration is an evidence against those who said: Faith is a statement, for whoever says: I am a believer has contradicted his statement of: 'the believers and Muslims.' Thus, he clarifies the believer from the Muslim, and refutes those who said: I am a believer fully complete in faith. And his saying: 'And we, if God wills, will be following you' - and he knows that he is dead - strengthens the saying of those who said: 'I am a believer if God wills' with exception in this context.
وَقَالَAnd saidأَبُوAbuالْحَارِثِAl-HarithسَأَلْتُI askedأَبَاAbuعَبْدِ اللَّهAbd AllahقُلْتُI said::قَوْلُهُHis saying::لَاNoيَزْنِيfornicatorالزَّانِيthe fornicatorحِينَwhenيَزْنِيfornicatesوَهُوَwhile heمُؤْمِنٌis a believerوَلَاand does notيَشْرَبُdrinkالْخَمْرَthe wineحِينَwhenيَشْرَبُهَاhe drinks itوَهُوَwhile heمُؤْمِنٌis a believer؟?قَالَHe said::قَدْIndeedتَأَوَّلُوهُthey interpreted it.،,فَأَمَّاAs forعَطَاءٍAtaaفَقَالَhe said::يَتَنَحَّىit is removedعَنْهُfrom himالْإِيمَانُfaith,,وَقَالَAnd saidطَاوُسٌTawus::إِذَاIfفَعَلَhe doesذَٰلِكَthatزَالَis removedعَنْهُfrom himالْإِيمَانُthe faith،,وَرُوِيَand it has been narratedعَنْfromالْحَسَنِal-Hasanقَالَhe said::إِنَّIndeedرَجَعَthe returnرَاجِعَةًof faithالْإِيمَانُthe faithوَقَدْand it has been saidقِيلَit is said::يَخْرُجُhe exitsمِنَfromالْإِيمَانِfaithإِلَىtoالإِسْلَامِIslam,,وَلَاnorيَخْرُجُhe exitsمِنَfromالإِسْلَامِIslamوَرَوَىand narratedهَذِهِthisالْمَسْأَلَةَissueصَالِحٌSaalih,,فَإِنَّfor indeedمَسَائِلَthe issuesأَبِيof AbuالْحَارِثِAl-Harithيَرْوِيَهَاare narrated by himصَالِحٌSaalihأَيْضًاalso,,وَصَالِحٌand Saalihسَأَلَaskedأَبَاهُhis fatherعَنْaboutهَذِهِthisالْقِصَّةِstory,,فَقَالَand he saidفِيَهَاin it:: هَكَذَاThusيُرْوَىit is narratedعَنْfromأَبِيAbuجَعْفَرٍJa'farقَالَhe said::«لَا"Noيَزْنِيfornicatorالزَّانِيthe fornicatorحِينَwhenيَزْنِيhe fornificatesوَهُوَwhile heمُؤْمِنٌis a believer،,},{
And Abu al-Harith said: I asked Abu Abd Allah and said: His saying: 'No fornicator fornicates while he is a believer, nor does he drink wine while he is a believer?' He said: They have interpreted it, and as for Ataa, he said: Faith is removed from him. And Tawus said: If he does that, then faith is removed from him. And it has been narrated from al-Hasan, he said: If he returns, faith returns to him. And it was said: He exits from faith to Islam, and does not exit from Islam. This issue has been narrated by Saalih, for indeed the issues of Abu al-Harith are narrated by Saalih as well. And Saalih asked his father about this story, and he said in it: Thus it is narrated from Abu Ja'far, he said: 'No fornicator fornicates while he is a believer... .
قَالَHe said::يَخْرُجُhe exitsمِنَfromالْإِيمَانِfaithإِلَىtoالإِسْلَامِIslam،,فَالإِيمَانُfor faithمَقْصُورٌis confinedفِيinالإِسْلَامِIslam,,فَإِذَاand ifزَنَىhe fornificatesخَرَجَhe exitsمِنَfromالْإِيمَانِfaithإِلَىtoالإِسْلَامِIslam..قَالَHe saidالزُّهْرِيُّAl-Zuhri--يَعْنِيmeansلَمَّاwhenرَوَىhe narratedحَدِيثَthe narrationسَعْدٍof Sa'd:: «أَوْorمُسْلِمٌMuslim»"فَنَرَىSo we seeأَنَّthatالإِسْلَامَIslamالْكَلِمَةَis the wordوَالْإِيمَانَand faithالْعَمَلَis action..قَالَHe saidأَحْمَدُAhmad::وَهُوَand it isحَدِيثٌa narrationمُتَأَوَّلٌinterpretedوَاللَّهُand Allahأَعْلَمُknows best.
He said: 'He exits from Faith to Islam, for Faith is confined in Islam. So when he fornificates, he exits from Faith to Islam.' Al-Zuhri said - meaning when he narrated the narration of Sa'd: 'Or a Muslim.' So we see that Islam is the word, and Faith is the action. Ahmad said: 'It is a narration interpreted, and Allah knows best.'
فَقَدْIndeedذَكَرَmentionedأَقْوَالَthe sayingsالتَّابِعِينَof the followersوَلَمْand did notيُرَجِّحْpreferشَيْئًاanything،,وَذَلِكَand thatـ-وَاللَّهُand Allahأَعْلَمُknows bestـ-لَأَنَّbecauseجَمِيعَallمَاthat whichقَالُوهُthey saidحَقٌّis true،,وَهُوَand it isيُوَافِقُin agreementعَلَىwithذَلِكَthatكُلَّهُall of it،,كَماasقَدْhasذُكِرَbeen mentionedفِيinمَوَاضِعَplacesأُخَرَothersأَنَّهُthat heيَخْرُجُexitsمِنَfromالإِيمَانِFaithإِلَىtoالإِسْلَامِ,},{
Indeed, he mentioned the sayings of the followers and did not prefer anything, and that - and Allah knows best - is because all that they said is true, and it agrees with all of that. As has been mentioned in other places that he exits from faith to Islam, and similar to that, and Ahmad and those like him from the predecessors do not want by the word interpretation diverting the word from its apparent meaning, but interpretation with them is like explanation and clarification of that which.