كَثِيرٌManyمِنْofهَؤُلَاءِtheseأَنْthatالأُمُورَthe mattersالمُشْتَرَكَةُcommonفِيinشَيْءٍone thingوَاحِدٍoneهِيَareواحِدَةٌoneبِالشَّخْصِby the personوَالْعَيْنِand the essence
Many of these believe that common matters in one thing are one by the person and the essence.
حَتَّىUntilانْتَهَىendedالأَمْرُthe matterبِطَائِفَةٍwith a groupمِنْofعُلَمَائِهِمْtheir scholarsعِلْمًاknowledgeوَعِبَادَةًand worshipإِلَىtoأَنْthatجَعَلُواthey madeالْوُجُودَthe existenceكَذَلِكَthus
Until the matter ended with a group of their scholars in knowledge and worship to the point that they made existence thus.
فَتَصَوَّرُواSo they imaginedأَنْthatالْمَوْجُودَاتِthe existentsمُشْتَرَكَةٌare commonفِيinمُسَمَّىthe termالْوُجُودِexistence
So they imagined that the existents are common in the term existence.
وَتَصَوَّرُواAnd they imaginedهَذَاthisفِيinأَنْفُسِهِمْthemselvesفَظَنُّوهُand they thought itفِيinالْخَارِجِthe outside
And they imagined this in themselves, and they thought it to be in the outside.
ثُمَّThenظَنُّواthey thoughtأَنَّهُthat itاللَّهُis Godفَجَعَلُواso they madeالرَّبَّthe Lordهُوَis thisالْوُجُودَexistenceالَّذِيthatلَاnotيُوجَدُexistsقَطٌّeverإِلَّاexceptفِيinنَفْسٍthe essenceمُتَصَوَّرَةٍas imagined
Then they thought that it is God, so they made the Lord this existence that does not exist ever except in the essence as imagined.
وَلَاAnd notيَكُونَbeفِيinالْخَارِجِthe outside
And there will not be in the outside.
وَهَكَذَاAnd thusكَثِيرٌmanyمِنْofالْفَلاسِفَةِthe philosophersتَصَوَّرُواimaginedأَعْدَادًاnumbersمُجَرَّدَةًabstractوَحَقَائِقَand truthsمُجَرَّدَةًabstract
And thus many of the philosophers imagined abstract numbers and abstract truths.
وَيُسَمُّونَهَاAnd they call itالْمَثَلَthe Platonicالأَفْلاَطُونِيَّةَideals
And they call it the Platonic ideals.
وَزَمَانًاAnd timeمُجَرَّدًاabstractعَنْfromالْحَرَكَةِmovementوَالْمُتَحَرِّكِand the mover
And an abstract time from movement and the mover.
وَبُعْدًاAnd distanceمُجَرَّدًاabstractعَنْfromالْأَجْسَامِbodiesوَصِفَاتِهَاand their qualities
And an abstract distance from bodies and their qualities.
ثُمَّThenظَنُّواthey thoughtوُجُودَthe existenceذَاكَof thatفِيinالْخَارِجِthe outside
Then they thought of the existence of that in the outside.
وَهَؤُلَاءِAnd theseكُلُّهُمْall of themاشْتَبَهَwere confusedعَلَيْهِمْon themمَاwhatفِيinالْأَذْهَانِthe mindsبِمَاwith whatفِيinالْأَعْيَانِthe essences
And these all were confused about what is in the minds with what is in the essences.
وَهَؤُلَاءِAnd theseقَدْmayيَجْعَلُونَmakeالْواحِدَthe oneاثْنَيْنِtwoوَالِاثْنَيْنِand the twoوَاحِدًاone
And these may make the one two and the two one.
فَتَارَةًAt timesيَجِيئُونَthey comeإِلَىtoالأُمُورِthe mattersالْمُتَعَدِّدَةِthe multipleالْمُتَفَاوِتَةِthe varyingفِيinالْخَارِجِthe outsideفَيَجْعَلُونَهَاso they make themواحِدَةًoneأَوْorمُتَمَاثِلَةًidentical
At times they come to the multiple varying matters in the outside and make them one or identical.
وَتَارَةًAnd at timesيَجِيئُونَthey comeإِلَىtoمَاwhatفِيinالْخَارِجِthe outsideمِنْfromالْحَيَوَانِthe animalوَالمَكَانِand spaceوَ الزَّمَانِand timeفَيَجْعَلُونَso they makeالْواحِدَthe oneاثْنَيْنِtwo
And at times they come to what is in the outside from the animal and space and time and make the one two.
وَمُتَفَلْسِفَةٌAnd the philosophersوَالْجَهْمِيَّةُand the Jahmiyyahوَقَعُواfellفِيinهَذَاthis
And the philosophers and the Jahmiyyah fell into this.
وَهَذَاAnd thisفَجَاؤُواso they cameإِلَىtoصِفَاتِthe attributesالرَّبِّthe Lordالَّتِيthat areهِيَareأَنَّهُthat heعَالِمٌis all-knowingوَقَادِرٌand capable
And this made them come to the attributes of the Lord that are that He is all-knowing and capable.
فَجَعَلُواSo they madeهَذِهِtheseالصِّفَةَattributeهِيَisعَيْنَthe sameالأُخْرَىas the other.
So they made this attribute the same as the other.
وَجَعَلُواAnd they madeالصِّفَةَthe attributeهِيَisالمَوْصُوفَthe described
And they made the attribute the described.
وَهَكَذَاAnd thusالْقَائِلُونَthose who sayبِأَنَّthatالإِيْمَانَthe faithشَيْءٌis somethingواحِدٌoneوَأَنَّهُand that itمُتَمَاثِلٌis identicalفِيinبَنِيthe offspringآدَمَof Adam
And thus those who say that faith is one thing and that it is identical among the offspring of Adam.
غَلَطُواThey erredفِيinكَوْنِهِits beingواحِدًاoneوَفِيand inكَوْنِهِits beingمُتَمَاثِلًاidenticalكَمَاasغَلَطُواthey erredفِيinأَمْثَالِsimilarذَاكَthatمِنْofمَسَائِلِissuesالتَّوحِيدِthe oneness of Godوَالصِّفَاتِand attributesوَالْقُرْآنِand the Quranوَنَحْوِهِمَاand similar
They erred in its being one and in its being identical as they erred in similar issues of the oneness of God, attributes, the Quran, and others.
فَكَانَتْSo it wasغَلَطَةًan errorجَهْمٍof Jahmوَأَتْبَاعِهِand his followersفِيinالإِيْمَانِfaithكَغَلَطِهِمْas their mistakeفِيinصِفَاتِthe attributesالرَّبِّof the Lordالَّذِيwhomيُؤْمِنُونَbelieversبِهِin Himالْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believers
So it was an error of Jahm and his followers in faith as their mistake in the attributes of the Lord whom the believers believe in.
وَفِيAnd inكَلَامِهِHis speechوَصِفَاتِهِand attributesسُبْحَانَهُThe Most Glorifiedوَتَعَالَىand Exaltedعَمَّabove whatيَقُولُthey sayالظَّالِمُونَthe wrongdoersعُلُوًّاa highكَبِيرًاgreat.
And in His speech and attributes, The Most Glorified and Exalted above what the wrongdoers say, a high great.
وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd likewiseالسُّوَادَthe blackوَالْبِيَاضَand the whiteيَقْبَلُacceptالِاشْتِدَادَintensityوَالضُّعْفَand weaknessبَلْratherعَامَّةًmostالْصِّفَاتِattributesالَّتِيthatيَتَّصِفُare describedبِهَاwith itالْمَوْصُوفُونَthe describedتَقْبَلُacceptالتَّفَاضُلَvariations
And likewise, the black and the white accept intensity and weakness; rather, most of the attributes that the described have accept variations.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for thisكَانَwasالْعَقْلُthe intellectيَقْبَلُacceptsالتَّفَاضُلَvariations
And for this, the intellect accepts variations.
وَالْإِيجَابُAnd the obligationوَالْتَّحْرِيمُand prohibitionيَقْبَلَacceptsالتَّفَاضُلَvariations
And the obligation and prohibition accept variations.
فَيَكُونُSo it may beإِيجَابٌa stronger obligationأَقْوَىstrongerمِنْthanإِيجَابٍan obligationوَتَحْرِيمٌand prohibitionأَقْوَىstrongerمِنْthanتَحْرِيمٍa prohibition.
It may be a stronger obligation than an obligation, and a stronger prohibition than a prohibition.
وَكَذَٰلِكَAnd likewiseالمَعْرِفَةُthe knowledgeالَّتِيthatفِيinالْقُلُوبِthe heartsتَقْبَلُacceptsالتَّفَاضِلَvariationsعَلَىamongالصَّحِيحِthe correctعِندَamongأَهْلِthe peopleالسُّنَّةِof Sunnah
And likewise, the knowledge that is in the hearts accepts variations according to the correct among the people of Sunnah.
وَفِيAnd inهَذَاthisكُلِّهِallنِزَاعٌdisputeفَطَائِفَةٌSo a groupمِنْofالْمُنْتَسِبِينَthose who claimإِلَىtoالسُّنَّةِthe Sunnahتُنْكِرُdenyالتَّفَاضُلَthe variations
And in all of this, there is dispute so a group of those who claim to follow the Sunnah deny variations.
٣١٨318
318.