سَوَاءٌwhetherوَهُمْthey areالمُعْتَزِلَةُthe Mu'tazilaوَالخَوَارِجُ،and the Kharijites,وَطَائِفَةٌand a groupمِنْofأَهْلِthe people ofالْحَدِيثِhadithوَالسُّنَّةِ،and the Sunnah,وَحَكَىand Muhammad Ibn Nasr narrated itمُحَمَّدٌMuhammadابْنُson ofنَصْرٍNasrعَنْfromجُمْهُورِهِمْ،their majority,وَلَيْسَand it is notكَذَلِكَ.so.
Whether they are the Mu'tazila, the Kharijites, and a group of the people of hadith and Sunnah, Muhammad Ibn Nasr narrated it from their majority, and it is not so.
وَالْقَوْلُAnd the sayingالثَّالِثُthe thirdأَنْis thatالإِيمَانُfaithأَكْمَلُis completeوَأَفْضَلُ،and better,وَهَذَاand thisهُوَisالَّذِيwhatدَلَّwas indicatedعَلَيْهِby itالْكِتَابُthe Bookوَالسُّنَّةُand the Sunnahفِيinغَيْرِother thanمَوْضِعٍ،one place,وَهُوَand it isالمَأْثُورُwhat has been narratedعَنْfromالصَّحَابَةِthe companionsوَالتَّابِعِينَand the followersلَهُمْof themبِإِحْصَانٍ.with good.
And the third saying is that faith is complete and better, and this is what was indicated by the Book and the Sunnah in other than one place, and it is what has been narrated from the companions and the followers of them with good.
ثُمَّThenهَذَانِكَtheseمِنْهُمْfrom themمِنْsomeيَقُولُ :say:الإِسْلَامُIslamمُجَرَّدٌis merelyالْقَوْلُthe statementوَالأَعْمَالُand the actionsلَيْسَتْare notمِنَofالإِسْلَامِIslamوَالصَّحِيحُand the correctأَنْis thatالإِسْلَامَIslamهُوَisالأَعْمَالُthe actionsالظَّاهِرَةُthe apparentكُلُّهَا،all of them,وَأَحْمَدُand Ahmadإِنَّمَاonlyمَنَعَforbidsالِاسْتِثْنَاءَthe exceptionفِيهِin itعَلَىonقَوْلِthe sayingالزَّهْرِيِّ:of Al-Zuhri:هُوَit isالْكَلِمَةُthe wordهَكَذَاthis wayنُقِلَwas narratedالأَثْرَمُ،by Al-Athram,وَالْمَيْمُونِيُّ،and Al-Maimuni,وَغَيْرِهِمَا،and others,عَنْهُ،from him,وَأَمَّاand as forعَلَىonجَوَابِهِhis other answerالآخَرِthe otherالَّذِيwhichلَمْdid notيَخْتَرِchooseفِيهِin itقَوْلُthe sayingمِنْofقَالَ :those who said:الإِسْلَامُIslamالْكَلِمَةُ،is the word,فَيُسْتَثْنَىit is to be exemptedفِيinالإِسْلَامِIslamكَمَاasيُسْتَثْنَىit is exemptedفِيinالإِيمَانِ،faith,فَإِنَّforالْإِنْسَانَa personلَاdoes notيَجْزِمُcertainly affirmبِأَنَّهُthat heقَدْhasفَعَلَdoingكُلَّallمَاwhatأُمِرَwas commandedبِهِwith itمِنَofالإِسْلَامِIslamوَإِذَاand ifقَالَhe saidالنَّبِيُّthe Prophetﷺ :(peace be upon him):«المُسْلِمُ"The Muslimمَنْis one whoسَلِمَis safeالمُسْلِمُونَthe Muslimsمِنْfromلِسَانِهِhis tongueوَيَدِهِand his hand (1)
Then, among these, some say: Islam is merely the statement and actions are not part of Islam, and the correct view is that Islam encompasses all apparent actions, and Ahmad only forbids the exception in it according to the saying of Al-Zuhri: 'It is the word' as narrated by Al-Athram, Al-Maimuni, and others from him. As for his other answer, which does not choose the opinion of those who said: 'Islam is the word,' an exception is to be made in Islam as is made in faith, for a person cannot be certain that he has done all that he was commanded regarding Islam. When the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The Muslim is one from whom the Muslims are safe from his tongue and his hand (1)...
وَابْنِAnd buildالإِسْلَامَthe Islamعَلَىonخَمْسٍ)five (2).فَجَزْمُهُSo his affirmationبِأَنَّهُthat heفَعَلَdidالْخَمْسَthe fiveبِلاwithoutنَقْصٍdeficiencyكَمَاjust asأُمِرَhe was commandedكَجَزْمِهِas he is certainبِإِيمَانِهِ،of his faith,فَقَدْfor it has been saidقَالَit was saidتَعَالَى :the Exalted said:ادْخُلُواEnterفِيintoالسَّامِthe peace,كَافَةً)all (2)
And build Islam on five (2). So his affirmation that he has done the five without deficiency, just as he is certain of his faith, has been said: the Exalted said: 'Enter into peace, all (2).'
أيwhich meansالإِسْلَامُIslamكَافَةًcompletely:أَيْmeaningفِيinجَمِيعِallشَرَائِعِlegislationsالإِسْلَامِ.of Islam.
Which means: Islam is to be embraced completely; meaning in all legislations of Islam.
وَتَعْلِيلٌAnd the explanationأَحْمَدُAhmadوَغَيْرُهُand othersمِنَof the earlyالسَّلَفِforefathersمَاwhatذَكَرُوهُthey mentionedفِيinاسْمِthe nameالإِيمَانِof faithيَجِيءُcomesفِيinاسْمِthe nameالإِسْلَامِ،of Islam,فَإِذَاso ifأُرِيدَit is intendedبِالْإِسْلَامِby Islamالْكَلِمَةَthe wordفَلَاthere is notاسْتِثْنَاءٌan exceptionفِيهِ،in it,كَمَاjust asنَصَّwas statedعَلَيْهِby itأَحْمَدُAhmadوَغَيْرُهُ،and others,وَإِذَاand ifأُرِيدَit is intendedبِهِby itفِعْلُthe actionالْوَاجِبَاتِof the obligatoryالظَّاهِرَةِapparentكُلُّهَا،all of them,فَالِاسْتِثْنَاءُthe exceptionفِيهَاin itكَالِاسْتِثْنَاءِis like an exceptionفِيinالإِيمَانِ،faith,
And the explanation of Ahmad and others from the early forefathers regarding what they mentioned in the name of faith comes in the name of Islam. So if it is intended by Islam the statement, there is no exception in it, as was stated by Ahmad and others; and if it is intended by it the performance of all the apparent obligatory actions, then the exception in it is like the exception in faith.
وَلَمَّاAnd whenكَانَit wasكُلُّallمِنَof those whoأَتَىcameبِالشَّهَادَتَيْنِwith the two testimoniesصَارَbecameمُسْلِمًاa Muslimمُتَمَيِّزًاdistinctعَنْfromالْيَهُودِthe Jewsوَالنَّصَارَىand Christiansتَجْرِيthe rulingsعَلَيْهِon himأَحْكَامُthe rulingsالإِسْلَامِof Islamالَّتِيwhichتَجْرِيapplyعَلَىonالْمُسْلِمِينَthe Muslimsكَانَwasهَذَاthisمِمَّاamong thatيَجْزِمُis certainبِهِby itبِلاwithoutاسْتِثْنَاءٍexceptionفِيهِ،in it,فَلِهَذَاand for thisقَالَit was saidالزَّهْرِيُّ:Al-Zuhri said:الإِسْلَامُIslamالْكَلِمَةُ.is the word.
And when all those who affirm the two testimonies become a distinct Muslim from the Jews and the Christians, the rulings of Islam that apply to Muslims are upon him, and this is among that which is certain without exception in it. For this, Al-Zuhri said: 'Islam is the word.'
وَعَلَىAnd uponذَاكَthatوَافَقَهُagreed with himأَحْمَدُAhmadوَغَيْرُهُ،and others,وَحِينَمَاand whenوَافَقَهُhe agreed with himلَمْdid notيَرُدَّrespondأَنْthatالإِسْلَامَIslamالْوَاجِبَthe obligatory aspectهُوَisالْكَلِمَةُthe wordوَحْدَهَاaloneفَإِنَّforالزَّهْرِيَّAl-Zuhriأَجَلٌis too greatمِنْtoأَنْthatيُخْفَىbe hiddenعَلَيْهِ،on him,وَلِهَذَاand for thisأَحْمَدُAhmadلَمْdid notيَجِبْrespond inبِهَذَاthisفِيinجَوَابِهِhis answerالثَّانِي،the second,خَوْفًاout of fearمِنْofأَنْthatيُظَنَّit is thoughtأَنْthatالإِسْلَامَIslamلَيْسَis notهُوَisإِلَّاbutالْكَلِمَةُ،the word,وَلِهَذَاand for thisلَمَّاwhenقَالَsaidالأَثْرَمُAl-Athramلِأَحْمَدَ :to Ahmad:فَإِذَاSo ifقَالَ:he says:أَنَاI amمُسْلِمٌa Muslim
And upon that, Ahmad and others agreed, and when he agreed with him, he did not respond that the obligatory aspect of Islam is merely the word alone, for Al-Zuhri is too great to be hidden on him, and for this, Ahmad did not respond this in his second answer, out of fear that it is thought that Islam is but the word; and for this when Al-Athram said to Ahmad: So if he says: 'I am a Muslim.'
(١)(1)مُتَّفَقٌAgreed upon.عَلَيْهِ.upon.[انظُرْ[Seeصَحيحٍthe AuthenticالْجَامِعِCollectionالصَّغِيرِthe small٦٧٠٩-٦٧١١6709-6711وَتَقَدَّمَتْand has been previously stated.مَرَّارًا].repeatedly. (2).
(1) Agreed upon. [See the Authentic Collection of the small 6709-6711 and has been previously stated repeatedly. (2).