يُوجَدُThere isفِيinتَعْذِيبٍthe tormentالدُّنْيَا،of the world,وَخَلْقٍand the creationمِنْofفِيهِitشَرٍّevilيَزُولُis removedبِالتَّعْذِيبِby tormentمِنْfromتَمَامِthe completenessالحِكْمَةِ،of wisdom,وَأَمَّاAnd as forخَلْقِthe creationنُفُوسٍof soulsتَعْمَلُthat doالشَّرَّevilفِيinالدُّنْيَاthe worldوَفِيand inالآخِرَةِthe Hereafterلَاthere is noتَكُونُbeingإِلَّاexceptفِيinالعَذَابِ،the torment,فَهَذَاthisتَنَاقُضٌis a contradictionيَظْهَرُthat appearsفِيهِin itمِنْofمُنَاقَضَةٍcontradictingالحِكْمَةِthe wisdomوَالرَّحْمَةِand mercyمَاthat whichلَاdoes notيَظْهَرُappearفِيinغَيْرِهِ.other.
There is in the torment of the world, and the creation of that which has evil that is removed by torment, the completeness of wisdom; as for the creation of souls that do evil in the world and in the Hereafter, they can only be in torment; this is a contradiction that reveals a conflict with wisdom and mercy that does not appear in other things.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for thisكَانَit wasالجَهْمُJahmلَمَّاwhenرَأَىhe sawذَلِكَthatيُنْكِرُhe deniesأَنْthatيَكُونَit beاللَّهُAllahأَرْحَمَthe most mercifulالرَّاحِمِينَ،of the merciful,وَقَالَ:and he said:بَلْRatherيَفْعَلُdoesمَاwhatيَشَاءُ،He wills,وَالَّذِينَand those whoسَلَكُواfollowedطَرِيقَتَهُhis pathكَالأَشْعَرِيُّlike Al-Ash'ariوَغَيْرِهِ،and others,لَيْسَthere is notعِندَهُمْin themفِيinالحَقِيقَةِtruthحِكْمَةٌwisdomوَرَحْمَةٌ،and mercy,وَلَكِنْbutلَهُfor Himعِلْمٌknowledgeوَقُدْرَةٌand powerوَإِرَادَةٌand willلَاnotتَرْجِحُfavor oneأَحَدٍof the twoالْجَانِبَيْنِ،sides,وَلِهَذَاand for thisلَمَّاwhenطُلِبَhe was askedمِنْهُمْthemأَنْtoيُقِرُّواacknowledgeبِكَوْنِهِhis beingحَكِيمًا،wise,فَسَّرُوهُthey explained it to himبِأَنَّهُby beingعَلِيمٌAll-KnowingأَوْorقَدِيرٌAll-Powerfulأَوْمُؤَيَّدٍ،or supported,وَلَيْسَand notمِنْofالثَّلاَثَةِthe threeمَاwhatيَقْتَضِيentailsالحِكْمَةَ،wisdom,وَإِذَاand ifثَبَتَit is establishedأَنَّهُthat He isرَحِيمٌMercifulحَكِيمٌ،Wise,وَعَلِمَand He knowsبُطْلانَthe falsenessقَوْلَof the sayingالْجَهْمِof Jahmتَعَيَّنَit necessitatesإِثْبَاتَthe affirmationمَاwhatتَقْتَضِيهِit entailsالرَّحْمَةَmercyوَالْحِكْمَةَ.and wisdom.
And for this, Jahm, when he saw that, denied that Allah is the most merciful of the merciful, saying: 'Rather, He does what He wills.' And those who followed his path, like Al-Ash'ari and others, do not possess true wisdom and mercy. But He has knowledge, power, and will that do not favor one of the two sides. And for this, when he was asked to acknowledge His being wise, they explained it to him by saying that He is All-Knowing or All-Powerful or supported, but none of the three entails wisdom. And if it is established that He is Merciful and Wise, and He knows the falseness of Jahm's statement, it necessitates the affirmation of what mercy and wisdom entail.
وَمَاAnd whatقَالَهُthe Mu'tazila - also - is false,الْمُعْتَزِلَةُthe Mu'tazilaأَيْضًاalsoبَاطِلٌ،is false,فَقَوْلُfor the sayingالْقَدَرِيَّةِof the Qadariyyaالْمُجْبِرَةِthe Jabristsوَالنُّفَاةُand the deniersفِيinحِكْمَتِهِHis wisdomوَرَحْمَتِهِand mercyبَاطِلٌ،is false,وَمِنْand fromأَعْظَمِthe greatestمَاwhatغَلَظَهُمintensified their wrongnessاعْتِقَادُهُمْtheir beliefتَأْيِيدَsupportingجَهْمٍ،Jahm,فَإِنَّfor thatذَلِكَthatيَسْتَلْزِمُentailsمَاwhatقَالُوهُ،they said,وَفَسَادَand the falsityاللاَّزِمَof the consequenceيَسْتَلْزِمُentailsفَسَادَthe falsityالْمَلْزُومِof the essential.(٢)(2)،,وَاللهُAnd Allahسُبْحَانَهُthe Exaltedأَعْلَمُ.is All-Knowing.
And what the Mu'tazila said - also - is false. For the saying of the Qadariyya, the Jabrists and the deniers of His wisdom and mercy is false. And one of the greatest things that intensified their wrongness is their belief in supporting Jahm, for that entails what they said, and the falsity of the result entails the falsity of the cause. (2), and Allah the Exalted is All-Knowing.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forآيَاتِthe verses ofبَقَاءِthe permanence ofالْجَنَّةِ.Paradise.
And as for the verses of the permanence of Paradise.
فَالْأَوَّلُ:The first:مِثْلُlikeقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَى:the Exalted:{أُكُلُهَا{Its foodدَائِمٌis everlastingوَظِلُّهَا}and its shade}.(٣)(3)فَأَخْبَرَHe informedأَنَّهَاthat it isدَائِمَةٌeverlastingوَالْمَقْطُوعُand that which is cut offلَيْسَis notبِدَائِمٍ.lasting.
The first: like His saying, the Exalted: {Its food is everlasting and its shade} (3). He informed that it is everlasting and that which is cut off is not lasting.
وَالثَّانِي:And the second:مِثْلُlikeقَوْلِهِ:His saying:{إِنَّ{Indeed,هَذَاthisلَرِزْقُنَاis surely our provisionمَاthat whichلَهُhasمِنْofنَفَادٍ}exhaustion}.(٤)(4)،,وَالْمَقْطُوعُand that which is cut offيَنْفَدُwill run out.
And the second: like His saying: {Indeed, this is surely our provision which has no exhaustion} (4), and that which is cut off will run out.
(١)(1)مِنْهَاجِ"The Path ofالسُّنَّةِthe Sunnah"النَّبَوِيَّةِ"the Prophetic"::١/١٤١،1/141,تَحْقِيقٌedited byد.Dr.مُحَمَّدٌMuhammadرَشادٌRashadسَالِمٌ.Salem.
(1) "The Path of the Prophetic Sunnah" 1/141, edited by Dr. Muhammad Rashad Salem.
(٢)(2)هُنَاHereانْتَهَتْendedنُسَخَةٌthe copyالْمَكْتَبِof the Islamic Officeالإِسْلَامِيِّ"Islamic"س،, S,وَقَدْand it hasنَاقَشَdiscussedالْعَالِمُthe scholarابْنُIbnالْقَيِّمِQayyimالطَّوَائِفِthe sectsالْمُنْحَرِفَةِthat deviateالَّتِيthatتُنْكِرُdenyالحِكْمَةَthe wisdomوَالتَّعْلِيلَand reasoningفِيinأَفْعَالِthe actionsاللَّهِAllahتَعَالَى،the Exalted,وَبَيَّنَand clarifiedزَيْفَهَاits falsenessوَبُطْلانَهَاand its invalidityفِيinعِدَّةٍmanyمَكَانٍplacesمِنْofمُؤَلَّفَاتِهِhis worksوَمِنْهَا:and among them is:"مَدَارِجُ"The Stagesالسَّالِكِينَ"of the Wayfarers"١/٩٠،1/90,"وَمِفْتَاحُ"and the Keyدَارِof the Houseالسَّعَادَةِ"of Happiness"٢/٢٢2/22,,"وَشِفَاءُ"and the Cureالْعَلِيلِ"for the Ailments"فِيinمَسَائِلِissuesالْقَضَاءِof Judgementوَالْقَدَرِand Destinyوَالحِكْمَةِand Wisdomوَالتَّعْلِيلِ"and Reasoning"ص٣٤٧p. 347.
(2) Here the copy of the Islamic Office "S" has ended, and the scholar Ibn al-Qayyim has discussed the deviant sects that deny wisdom and reasoning in the actions of Allah the Exalted, and clarified their falseness and invalidity in many places of his works, among them are: "The Stages of the Wayfarers" 1/90, "and the Key of the House of Happiness" 2/22, and "and the Cure for the Ailments" in the issues of Judgment, Destiny, Wisdom, and Reasoning" p. 347.
(٣)(3)سُورَةُSurahالرَّعْدِ،Ar-Ra'd,الآيَةُ:the verse:٣٥.35.
(3) Surah Ar-Ra'd, the verse: 35.
(٤)(4)سُورَةُSurahص،Sad,الآيَةُ:the verse:٥٤.54.
(4) Surah Sad, the verse: 54.