بِحَيَاةِby the life ofشَيْخِهِhis master
By the life of his master,
وَلَاand notبِحَيَاةِby the life ofرَأْسِهِhis head
nor by the life of his head,
وَلَاand notبِرَأْسِby the head ofشَيْخِهِhis master
nor by the head of his master,
وَلَاand notبِنِعْمَةِby the grace ofالسُّلْطَانِthe Sultan
nor by the grace of the Sultan,
وَلَاand notبِالسَّيْفِby the sword
nor by the sword,
وَلَاand notبِغَيْرِby other thanاللَّهِAllahتَعَالَىthe Most High
nor by other than Allah, the Most High.
قَالَSaidرَسُولُthe Messenger ofاللَّهِAllahصَلَّىmay Allah blessاللَّهُHimعَلَيْهِand grantوَسَلَّمَhim peace
The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said:
مَنْWhoeverكَانَisحَالِفًاswearing
"Whoever is to take an oath,
فَلْيَحْلِفْthen let him swearبِاللَّهِby Allah
let him swear by Allah,
أَوْorلِيَصْمُتْlet him remain silent
or remain silent."
أَخْرَجَاهُThey both reported itفِيinالصَّحِيحَيْنِthe two Sahihs(١)(1)
Reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim in the two Sahihs (1).
وَقَالَAnd saidصَلَّىmay Allah blessاللَّهُHimعَلَيْهِand grantوَسَلَّمَhim peace
And he, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said:
مَنْWhoeverحَلَفَswearsبِغَيْرِby other thanاللَّهِAllah
"Whoever swears by other than Allah
فَقَدْthen indeedأَشْرَكَhe has committed shirkبِهِwith Him
has committed shirk (associating partners with Him)."
رَوَاهُReported itالتِّرْمِذِيُّAt-Tirmidhi(٢)(2)
Reported by At-Tirmidhi (2)
وَقَالَand saidحَدِيثٌA hadithصَحِيحٌauthentic
and he said: An authentic hadith.
وَقَالَAnd saidعَبْدُAbdullahاللَّهِbinبْنُMas'udمَسْعُودٍmay Allah be pleased with him
And Abdullah bin Mas'ud said:
لَأَنْthat Iأَحْلِفَswearبِاللَّهِby Allahكَاذِبًاfalsely
"That I swear by Allah falsely
أَحَبُّis more belovedإِلَيَّto meمِنْthanأَنْthatأَحْلِفَI swearبِغَيْرِهِby other than Himصَادِقًاtruthfully(٣)(3)
is more beloved to me than that I swear by other than Him truthfully (3)."
وَذَلِكَAnd that isبِأَنَّهُbecauseإِذَاwhenحَلَفَhe swearsبِاللَّهِby Allah
That is because when a person swears by Allah,
فَقَدْhe hasجَمَعَcombinedسَيِّئَةَthe sin ofالْكَذِبِlyingمَعَwithحَسَنَةِthe good deed ofالتَّوْحِيدِTawhid (monotheism)
he has combined the sin of lying with the good deed of Tawhid,
وَإِذَاand whenحَلَفَhe swearsبِغَيْرِهِby other than Him
and when he swears by other than Him,
فَقَدْhe hasجَمَعَcombinedمَعَwithالصِّدْقِtruthfulnessسَيِّئَةَthe sin ofالشِّرْكِshirk
he has combined with truthfulness the sin of shirk.
وَالتَّوْحِيدُAnd Tawhidأَعْظَمُis greaterمِنَthanالصِّدْقِtruthfulness
Tawhid is greater than truthfulness,
وَالشِّرْكُand shirkأَعْظَمُis greaterمِنَthanالْكَذِبِlying
and shirk is greater than lying.
وَكَانَAnd usedعُمَرُUmarبْنُbinالْخَطَّابِAl-Khattabرَضِيَmay Allah be pleasedاللَّهُwithعَنْهُhim
And Umar bin Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him,
يُسَابِقُused to raceابْنَIbnالزُّبَيْرِAz-Zubair
used to race with Ibn Az-Zubair.
فَإِذَاSo whenسَبَقَهُhe outraced himعُمَرُUmar
When Umar outraced him,
قَالَhe said
he said:
سَبَقْتُكَI have outraced youوَرَبِّand by the Lord ofالْكَعْبَةِthe Kaaba
"I have outraced you, and by the Lord of the Kaaba!"
فَإِذَاAnd when
And when...
(١)(1)الْبُخَارِيُّAl-Bukhari(٢٦٧٩)(2679)وَمُسْلِمٌand Muslim(١٦٤٦)(1646)
(1) Al-Bukhari (2679) and Muslim (1646).
(٢)(2)(١٥٣٥)(1535)
(2) (1535).
(٣)(3)أَخْرَجَهُReported itابْنُIbnأَبِيAbiشَيْبَةَShaybah(٥/٢٩)(5/29)
(3) Reported by Ibn Abi Shaybah (5/29).