swearing by other than god and praying at graves ibn taymiyyah

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عَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَand peace

upon him and peace

الرِّيَاءُOstentationشِرْكٌis shirk

Ostentation is shirk.

وَفِيAnd inذَلِكَthatأَنْزَلَrevealedاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Most High

And regarding that, Allah the Most High revealed:

فَمَنْSo whoeverكَانَisيَرْجُوhopingلِقَاءَfor the meetingرَبِّهِwith his Lord

So whoever hopes for the meeting with his Lord

فَلْيَعْمَلْthen let him doعَمَلًاa deedصَالِحًاrighteous

then let him do a righteous deed

وَلَاand notيُشْرِكْassociateبِعِبَادَةِin the worshipرَبِّهِof his Lordأَحَدًاanyone

and not associate anyone in the worship of his Lord.

وَيَدْخُلُAnd entersفِيintoهَذَاthis

And enters into this

أَنْthatيَقُولَsayالرَّجُلُthe man

that a man says:

وَحَيَاتِيAnd by my lifeأَوْorوَحَيَاتِكَby your lifeأَوْorوَحَيَاةِby the life ofفُلَانٍso-and-so

"And by my life, or by your life, or by the life of so-and-so,"

أَوْorوَتُرْبَةِby the soil ofفُلَانٍso-and-soأَوْorوَتُرْبَةِby the soil ofأَبِيmy father

"or by the soil of so-and-so, or by the soil of my father,"

أَوْorوَتُرْبَةِby the soil ofأَبِيكَyour fatherأَوْorوَتُرْبَةِby the soil ofالشَّيْخِthe Shaykhفُلَانٍso-and-so

"or by the soil of your father, or by the soil of Shaykh so-and-so,"

أَوْorوَنِعْمَةِby the grace ofالسُّلْطَانِthe Sultanأَوْorوَحَيَاةِby the life ofرَأْسِhead ofالسُّلْطَانِthe Sultan

"or by the grace of the Sultan, or by the life of the Sultan's head,"

أَوْorوَحَيَاةِby the life ofرَأْسِكَyour headأَوْorوَحَقِّby the right ofسَيْفِيmy sword

"or by the life of your head, or by the right of my sword,"

أَوْorوَحَيَاةِby the life ofالْفُتُوَّةِchivalryأَوْorوَحَقِّby the right ofأَبِيmy father

"or by the life of chivalry, or by the right of my father,"

أَوْorوَحُرْمَتِكَby your sanctityعِنْدَwithاللَّهِAllahأَوْorحُرْمَةِsanctity ofالشَّيْخِthe Shaykhفُلَانٍso-and-soعِنْدَwithاللَّهِAllah

"or by your sanctity with Allah, or the sanctity of Shaykh so-and-so with Allah,"

أَوْorوَحَقِّby the right ofالْكَعْبَةِthe Kaaba

"or by the right of the Kaaba."

وَكُلُّAnd allمَاthatكَانَwasمِنْfromهَذَاthisبِمَاwith whatيَحْلِفُswearsبِهِby itجُفَاةُthe roughالنَّاسِpeopleعَلَىuponوَجْهِthe manner ofالتَّعْظِيمِmagnification

And all of this is from what the rough people swear by by way of veneration.

فَمَنْSo whoeverحَلَفَswearsبِشَيْءٍby anythingمِنْofهَذِهِtheseالْأَيْمَانِoaths

So whoever swears by any of these oaths

فَقَدْthen indeedعَصَىhe has disobeyedاللَّهَAllahوَرَسُولَهُand His Messenger

then indeed he has disobeyed Allah and His Messenger

فِيinقَوْلِهِhis saying

in his saying:

مَنْWhoeverكَانَisحَالِفًاswearingفَلَاthen let him notيَحْلِفْswearإِلَّاexceptبِاللَّهِby Allah

"Whoever is to swear, let him not swear except by Allah."

وَدَخَلَAnd entered

And entered

  • ثَبَتَIt was establishedمَرْفُوعًاas Marfoo'مِنْfromحَدِيثِthe hadith ofشَدَّادِShaddadبْنِson ofأَوْسٍAwsوَغَيْرِهِand others
  • It was reported as Marfoo' from the hadith of Shaddad ibn Aws and others:

    إِنَّIndeedأَخْوَفَmost fearfulمَاwhatأَخَافُI fearعَلَيْكُمُover youالشِّرْكَis the shirkالْأَصْغَرَminor

    "Indeed, what I fear most for you is the minor shirk."

    قَالُواThey saidوَمَاAnd what isالشِّرْكُthe shirkالْأَصْغَرُminorيَاOرَسُولَMessenger ofاللَّهِAllah

    "They said: And what is the minor shirk, O Messenger of Allah?"

    قَالَHe saidالرِّيَاءُOstentation

    "He said: Ostentation..."

  • أَخْرَجَهُIt was collected byأَحْمَدُAhmad٥/٤٢٨(5/428)وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّand Al-BayhaqiفِيinالشُّعَبِAs-Shu'ab٦٤١٢(6412)
  • It was collected by Ahmad (5/428) and Al-Bayhaqi in As-Shu'ab (6412),

  • وَحَسَّنَand deemed goodإِسْنَادَهُits chainابْنُIbnحَجَرٍHajarفِيinبُلُوغِBulughالْمَرَامِAl-Maram١٢٧٧(1277)
  • and its chain of transmission was deemed good by Ibn Hajar in Bulugh Al-Maram (1277)

  • وَصَحَّحَهُand authenticated itالْأَلْبَانِيُّAl-AlbaniفِيinالصَّحِيحَةِAs-Sahihah٩٥١(951)
  • and authenticated by Al-Albani in As-Sahihah (951).

  • فِيInالْأَصْلِthe originalبِدُونِwithoutوَاوٍWaw
  • In the original text without the letter Waw.

  • فِيInالْأَصْلِthe originalبِدُونِwithoutوَاوٍWaw
  • In the original text without the letter Waw.

  • أَخْرَجَهُIt was collected byالْبُخَارِيُّAl-Bukhari٣٨٣٦(3836)وَمُسْلِمٌand Muslim٤٢٥٩(4259)
  • It was collected by Al-Bukhari (3836) and Muslim (4259).