Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 109

وَهَذَا

And this

الْقِسْمُ

section

مِنَ

of

السُّوَرِ

the surahs

And this section of the surahs

يُشْبِهُ

resembles

اسْتِهْلَالَهَا

their beginning,

resembles their beginning,

اسْتِهْلَالَ

the beginning of

الْوَثَائِقِ

documents

وَالْمُعَاهَدَاتِ

and treaties

the beginning of documents and treaties

حَيْثُ

where

يَقُولُونَ:

they say:

where they say:

"هَذَا
"This is
مَا
what
صَالَحَ
made peace upon
عَلَيْهِ
concerning it
فُلَانٌ
so-and-so
وَفُلَانٌ"K
and so-and-so"

"This is what so-and-so and so-and-so made peace upon"

"هَذَا
"This is
مَا
what
أَوْصَى
enjoined
بِهِ
by it
فُلَانٌ".
so-and-so".

"This is what so-and-so enjoined."

وَقَدْ

And indeed

كَتَبَ

wrote

النَّبِيُّ

the Prophet

- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -

- peace be upon him -

فِي

in

صُلْحِ

the treaty of

الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ

Al-Hudaybiyah

And the Prophet - peace be upon him - wrote in the treaty of Al-Hudaybiyah

"هَذَا
"This is
مَا
what
قَاضَى
decreed
عَلَيْهِ
upon it
مُحَمَّدٌ"
Muhammad"
- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -.
- peace be upon him -.

"This is what Muhammad decreed" - peace be upon him -.

وَاسْتَهَلَّ

And began

بَعْضُهَا

some of them

بِذِكْرِ

by mentioning

الْمُرْسِلِ

the sender

وَالْمُرْسَلِ

and the receiver

إِلَيْهِ،

to him,

And some of them began by mentioning the sender and the receiver,

كَمَا

as

قَالَ

said

- تَعَالَى -:

- the Most High -:

as the Most High - said -:

- {تَنْزِيلُ
- {The revelation of
الْكِتَابِ
the Book
مِنَ
is from
اللَّهِ
Allah,
الْعَزِيزِ
the Almighty,
الْحَكِيمِ}
the Wise}

- {The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Almighty, the Wise}

- {كِتَابٌ
- {A Book
أُحْكِمَتْ
whose verses are perfected
آيَاتُهُ
its verses
ثُمَّ
then
فُصِّلَتْ
detailed
مِنْ
from
لَدُنْ
One
حَكِيمٍ
Wise,
خَبِيرٍ}
Acquainted}

- {A Book whose verses are perfected then detailed from One Wise, Acquainted}

وَهَذَا

And this

الْقِسْمُ

section

يُشْبِهُ

resembles

الْفَرَامِينَ

the decrees

الَّتِي

that

يُكْتَبُ

is written

فِيهَا

in it

And this section resembles the decrees in which is written

"هَذَا
"This is
مَا
what
صَدَرَ
was issued
مِنَ
from
الْبَابِ
the Sublime
الْعَالِي"
Porte"

"This is what was issued from the Sublime Porte"

أَوْ
or
"إِعْلَامٌ
"a notice
صَادِرٌ
issued
مِنْ
from
حَضْرَةِ
the presence of
الْخِلَافَةِ
the Caliphate
إِلَى
to
سُكَّانِ
the residents of
الْبَلَدِ
the city
الْفُلَانِيِّ".
such-and-such".

or "a notice issued from the presence of the Caliphate to the residents of such-and-such city."

وَكَتَبَ

And wrote

النَّبِيُّ

the Prophet

- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ -:

- peace be upon him -:

And the Prophet - peace be upon him - wrote:

"مِنْ
"From
مُحَمَّدٍ
Muhammad
رَسُولِ
the Messenger of
اللَّهِ
Allah
إِلَى
to
هِرَقْلَ
Heraclius
عَظِيمِ
the great of
الرُّومِ".
the Romans".

"From Muhammad the Messenger of Allah to Heraclius the great of the Romans."

وَابْتَدَأَ

And began

بَعْضُ

some

السُّوَرِ

of the surahs

عَلَى

in

طَرِيقَةِ

the manner of

الرَّسَائِلِ

letters

وَالْخِطَابَاتِ

and concise addresses

الْمُخْتَصَرَةِ

brief

مِنْ

without

دُونِ

without

عُنْوَانٍ

title

وَمَهِّدٍ،

and introduction,

And some surahs began in the manner of brief letters and addresses without a title and introduction,

كَقَوْلِهِ

like His saying

- تَعَالَى -:

- the Most High -:

like His saying - the Most High -:

- {إِذَا
- {When
جَاءَكَ
comes to you
الْمُنَافِقُونَ
the hypocrites
قَالُوا
they say
نَشْهَدُ
"We testify
إِنَّكَ
that indeed you
لَرَسُولُ
are surely the Messenger of
اللَّهِ}
Allah"}

- {When the hypocrites come to you, they say, "We testify that indeed you are the Messenger of Allah"}