From polytheism, innovations, and superstitions,

and distortion and anthropomorphism have taken hold of them,

and it penetrated their souls until there remained

by virtue of what came in the authentic hadith:

"You will surely follow the ways of those who were before you, etc."

no calamity among the calamities and no trial among the trials

except that a sect from the sects of Muslims - by name - engages in it and clings to it,

may Allah, glory be to Him, save us from that.

And in short, indeed the mercy of Allah the Most High necessitated the sending of the master of the prophets, Muhammad son of Abdullah - may the prayers and peace of Allah be upon him - in the Arabian Peninsula,

and His commanding him to establish the religion of Hanifism,

and to dispute with these false sects through the way of the Great Quran,

and the argumentation in disputing with them was with the axiomatic truths which are the remnants of the religion of Abraham,

so that compelling proof is established and silencing occurs.

[The Quranic argumentation with the polytheists:]

Indeed, Allah - the Most High - refuted the polytheists and their false beliefs in various ways, and their explanation is as follows.

1 - First: demanding proof from them for what they claim, and invalidating their adherence to the blind following of their forefathers.

2 - Second: establishing that there is no equality between the Lord and the servants,

and that the Lord - the Most High - is exclusively entitled to the merit of the utmost limit of aggrandizement, unlike all His servants and all His creations.