Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 141

الَّذِي

which

كَانَ

was

سَبَبًا

a reason

لِلْنُّزُولِ،

for the revelation,

which was a reason for the revelation,

"وَالْعِبْرَةُ

"and the lesson

بِعُمُومِ

is in the generality

الْلَّفْظِ

of the wording

لَا

not

بِخُصُوصِ

in the specificity

الْسَّبَبِ".

of the cause".

"and the lesson is in the generality of the wording not in the specificity of the cause".

وَقَدْ

and

يَنْقُلُ

convey

الْمُتَقَدِّمُونَ

the early ones

مِنَ

from

الْمُفَسِّرِينَ

the exegetes

And the early exegetes convey

فِي

in

مِثْلِ

like

هَذِهِ

these

الْمَوَاضِعِ

places

in such places

أَمْثَالَ

examples

هَذِهِ

of these

الْقِصَصِ

stories

وَالْحَوَادِثِ

and incidents

examples of these stories and incidents

بُغْيَةَ

seeking

اسْتِيعَابِ

to encompass

الْآثَارِ

the reports

الْمُنَاسِبَةِ

appropriate

الْوَارِدَةِ

narrated

حَوْلَ

around

تِلْكَ

that

الْآيَةِ،

verse,

seeking to encompass the appropriate reports narrated concerning that verse,

أَوْ

or

لِبَيَانِ

to clarify

مَا

what

يَصْدُقُ

applies

عَلَيْهِ

to it

الْعُمُومُ

the generality

اللَّفْظِيُّ

of wording

مِنَ

from

الْمَعَانِي

the meanings

or to clarify what meanings the verbal generality applies to

وَلَيْسَ

and it is not

مِنَ

from

الضَّرُورِيِّ

the necessary

ذِكْرُ

mentioning

هَذِهِ

these

الْقِصَصِ

stories

وَالْحَوَادِثِ

and incidents

كَأَسْبَابِ

as causes of

النُّلُولِ

revelation

and it is not necessary to mention these stories and incidents as causes of revelation

(لِأَنَّ

(because

فَهْمَ

understanding

مَعْنَى

the meaning

الْآيَةِ

of the verse

لَا

does not

يَتَوَقَّفُ

depend

عَلَيْهَا)

upon them)

(because understanding the meaning of the verse does not depend upon them).

الْمُرَادُ

The intent

بِقَوْلِهِمْ

by their saying

"نَزَلَتِ

"revealed was

الْآيَةُ

the verse

فِي

concerning

كَذَا":

such and such":

The intent behind their saying "The verse was revealed concerning such and such":

وَقَدْ

and

تَحَقَّقَ

it has been established

لَدَى

with

الْفَقِيرِ

the needy servant

And it has been established with this needy servant

أَنَّ

that

الصَّحَابَةَ

the companions

وَالتَّابِعِينَ

and the successors

- رَضِيَ

- may Allah be

اللَّهُ

pleased

عَنْهُمْ

with them

أَجْمَعِينَ -

all of them -

that the companions and the successors - may Allah be pleased with them all -

كَثِيرًا

frequently

مَا

what

يَقُولُونَ:

they say:

"نَزَلَتِ

"revealed was

الْآيَةُ

the verse

فِي

concerning

كَذَا"

such and such"

frequently say: "The verse was revealed concerning such and such"

وَلَا

and

يَكُونُ

is

غَرَضُهُمْ

their purpose

إِلَّا

except

تَصْوِيرَ

portraying

مَا

what

تَصْدُقُ

applies

عَلَيْهِ

to it

الْآيَةُ

the verse

مِنَ

of

الْأَحْدَاثِ

events

وَالْمَعَانِي،

and meanings,

and their purpose is only to portray the events and meanings to which the verse applies,

وَذِكْرَ

and mentioning

بَعْضِ

some

الْقِصَصِ

stories

وَالْوَقَائِعِ

and occurrences

الَّتِي

that

تَشْمَلُهَا

encompass them

الْآيَةُ

the verse

الْكَرِيمَةُ

noble

and mentioning some stories and occurrences that the noble verse encompasses

لِعُمُومِ

due to the generality

لَفْظِهَا،

of its wording,

due to the generality of its wording,

سَوَاءٌ

whether

كَانَتِ

it was

الْقِصَّةُ

the story

مُتَقَدِّمَةً

prior

عَلَى

to

نُزُولِ

the revelation of

الْآيَةِ

the verse

أَوْ

or

مُتَأَخِّرَةً

subsequent

عَنْهَا،

to it,

whether the story occurred prior to the revelation of the verse or subsequent to it,

إِسْرَائِيلِيَّةً

Israelite

كَانَتْ

it was

أَوْ

or

جَاهِلِيَّةً،

Pre-Islamic,

whether it was Israelite or Pre-Islamic,

أَوْ

or

إِسْلَامِيَّةً

Islamic

تَنْطَبِقُ

that conforms

عَلَى

to

جَمِيعِ

all

قُيُودِ

conditions

الْآيَةِ

of the verse

أَوْ

or

بَعْضِهَا.

some of them.

or Islamic that conforms to all the conditions of the verse or some of them.

وَاللَّهُ

and Allah

أَعْلَمُ.

knows best.

And Allah knows best.

[الْقِسْمُ

[The second

الثَّانِي

part

مِنْ

of

أَسْبَابِ

the causes of

النُّزُولِ

revelation

أَمْرٌ

is a matter

اجْتِهَادِيٌّ:]

based on independent reasoning:]

[The second part of the causes of revelation is a matter of independent reasoning:]

وَقَدْ

and

تَبَيَّنَ

it has become clear

مِنْ

from

هُنَا

here

And it has become clear from here

أَنَّ

that

لِلْاجْتِهَادِ

independent reasoning

مَدْخَلًا

an entry point

فِي

in

هَذَا

this

الْقِسْمِ

part

الثَّانِي

second

مِنْ

of

أَسْبَابِ

the causes of

النُّزُولِ،

revelation,

that independent reasoning has a role in this second part of the causes of revelation,

وَأَنَّهُ

and that it

يَتَسَعُ

accommodates

لِإِرْدَادِ

the inclusion of

الْقِصَصِ

stories

الْمُتَعَدِّدَةِ.

multiple.

and that it accommodates the inclusion of multiple stories.

فَكُلُّ

so everyone

مَنْ

who

يَسْتَحْضِرُ

brings to mind

هَذِهِ

this

النُّكْتَةَ،

subtle point,

So everyone who brings this subtle point to mind,

يَسْتَطِيعُ

is able

أَنْ

to

يُعَالِجَ

reconcile

اخْتِلَافَاتِ

the differences of

أَسْبَابِ

the causes of

النُّزُولِ

revelation

بِأَدْنَى

with the slightest

نَظَرٍ

look

وَتَأَمُّلٍ.

and reflection.

is able to reconcile the differences in the causes of revelation with the slightest look and reflection.