Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 143

الْقَصَصُ

The stories

وَالْأَحْدَاثُ

and the events

الْمَسْمُوعَةُ

auditory

الْمَأْثُورَةُ،

narrated,

The narrated auditory stories and events,

كَمَا

as

حُكِيَتْ

they were told

مِنْ

without

غَيْرِ

any

تَصَرُّفٍ

manipulation

عَقْلِيٍّ

mental

فِيهَا.

in them.

as they were told without any mental manipulation in them.

[مَوْقِفُ

[The stance

بَعْضِ

of some

قُدَمَاءِ

early

الْمُفَسِّرِينَ

commentators

مِنَ

regarding

التَّعْرِيضَاتِ

allusions

فِي

in

الْآيَاتِ:]

the verses:]

[The stance of some early commentators regarding allusions in the verses:]

وَقَدْ

And indeed

كَانَتْ

used to be

طَائِفَةٌ

a group

مِنْ

of

قُدَمَاءِ

early

الْمُفَسِّرِينَ

commentators

And a group of early commentators used to

يَضَعُونَ

put

التَّعْرِيضَاتِ

the allusions

الْوَارِدَةَ

mentioned

فِي

in

الْآيَةِ

the verse

نُصْبَ

before

أَعْيُنِهِمْ،

their eyes,

put the allusions mentioned in the verse before their eyes,

وَيَفْتَرِضُونَ

and suppose

بَعْضَ

some

الْمَحَامِلِ

interpretations

الْمُنَاسِبَةِ

suitable

لَهَا،

for it,

and suppose some interpretations suitable for it,

وَيُصَرِّحُونَ

and state

بِهَا

them

فِي

in

صُورَةِ

the form

الِاحْتِمَالَاتِ

of possibilities

الْمُمْكِنَةِ،

possible,

and state them in the form of possible possibilities,

وَيَشْتَبِهُ

and it becomes confused

ذَلِكَ

that

عَلَى

to

الْمُتَأَخِّرِينَ

the later ones

فَيَقَعُونَ

so they fall

فِي

into

شُبُهَاتٍ

doubts

وَإِشْكَالاتٍ.

and problems.

and that becomes confused to the later ones so they fall into doubts and problems.

وَلَمَّا

And since

أَنَّ

that

أَسَالِيبَ

methods

التَّوضِيحِ

of clarification

لَمْ

were not

تَكُنْ

being

مُنَقَّحَةً

refined

فِي

in

ذَلِكَ

that

الْعَصْرِ،

era,

And since the methods of clarification were not refined in that era,

لِذَلِكَ

therefore

كَثِيرًا

often

مَا

what

يَشْتَبِهُ

is confused

التَّقْرِيرُ

the statement

بِالِاحْتِمَالِ،

with the possibility,

therefore often the statement is confused with the possibility,

بِالتَّقْرِيرِ

with the statement

بِالْجَزْمِ

with certainty

وَالْقَطْعِ

and definiteness

فَيَعْتَقِدُونَ

so they believe

أَحَدَهُمَا

one of them

مَكَانَ

in place of

الْآخَرِ،

the other,

with the statement of certainty and definiteness so they believe one of them in place of the other,

وَهَذَا

and this

أَمْرٌ

is a matter

اجْتِهَادِيٌّ

ijtihadi

فِيهِ

in it

مَجَالٌ

is scope

لِإِعْمَالِ

for exercising

الْعَقْلِ،

the intellect,

and this is an Ijtihadi matter in which there is scope for exercising the intellect,

وَرَكْضٌ

and running

لِجِيَادِ

of the steeds

الْقِيلِ

of saying

وَالْقَالِ.

and gossip.

and running of the steeds of saying and gossip.

وَمَنْ

And whoever

حَفِظَ

preserves

هَذِهِ

this

النُّكْتَةَ

subtlety

فَإِنَّهُ

then indeed he

يَسْتَطِيعُ

is able

أَنْ

to

يَقُولَ

speak

بِالْقَوْلِ

with the statement

الْفَصْلِ

decisive

فِي

in

كَثِيرٍ

many

مِنْ

of

مَوَاضِعِ

places

الِاخْتِلَافِ

of disagreement

بَيْنَ

between

الْمُفَسِّرِينَ،

the commentators,

And whoever preserves this subtlety, then indeed he is able to speak with the decisive statement in many places of disagreement between the commentators,

وَأَنْ

and to

يَعْلَمَ

know

فِي

in

كَثِيرٍ

many

مِنْ

of

مُنَاظَرَاتِ

the debates

الصَّحَابَةِ

of the Companions

- رَضِيَ

- may Allah be pleased

اللَّهُ

Allah

عَنْهُمْ -

with them -

وَمُنَاقَشَاتِهِمْ،

and their discussions,

and to know in many of the debates of the Companions - may Allah be pleased with them - and their discussions,

أَنَّهَا

that they

لَيْسَتْ

are not

آرَاءَهُمُ

their views

الْقَطْعِيَّةَ

definitive

الْمُخْتَمَرَةَ،

matured,

that they are not their definitive matured views,

بَلْ

rather

إِنَّمَا

they

هِيَ

are

آرَاءٌ

views

عِلْمِيَّةٌ

scientific

يَتَدَاوَلُهَا

circulate them

الْمُجْتَهِدُونَ

the mujtahids

فِيمَا

among

بَيْنَهُمْ

themselves

لِلْبَحْثِ

for research

وَالنَّظَرِ.

and consideration.

rather they are scientific views which the mujtahids circulate among themselves for research and consideration.

مَعْنَى

Meaning

قَوْلِ

of the statement

ابْنِ

of Ibn

عَبَّاسٍ

Abbas

- رَضِيَ

- may Allah be pleased

اللَّهُ

Allah

عَنْهُ -

with him -

فِي

regarding

مَسْحِ

wiping

الْأَرْجُلِ:

the feet:

Meaning of the statement of Ibn Abbas - may Allah be pleased with him - regarding wiping the feet:

وَعَلَى

And upon

هَذَا

this

الْمَحْمَلِ

interpretation

يَحْمِلُ

interprets

الْمُؤَلِّفُ

the author

الْفَقِيرُ

the poor

قَوْلَ

the statement

ابْنِ

of Ibn

عَبَّاسٍ

Abbas

- رَضِيَ

- may Allah be pleased

اللَّهُ

Allah

عَنْهُمَا -

with both of them -

فِي

regarding

الْآيَةِ

the verse

الْكَرِيمَةِ:

noble:

And upon this interpretation the poor author interprets the statement of Ibn Abbas - may Allah be pleased with both of them - regarding the noble verse: