أُصُولُOriginsالتَّوْجِيهِof guidanceوَضَوَابِطُهُand its controls
The origins and controls of guidance
لَمْwere notتَكُنْbeingمُنَقَّحَةًrevisedوَاضِحَةًor clearفِيinعَصْرِهِمْtheir era
were not revised or clear in their era
فِيregardingتَوْجِيهِthe guidance ofالْآيَاتِthe versesالْقُرْآنِيَّةِQuranic
regarding the guidance of the Quranic verses,
وَأَكْثَرُواand they did muchمِنْهُof it
and they did much of it.
حَقِيقَةُThe reality ofالتَّوْجِيهِguidance
The reality of guidance:
وَحَقِيقَةُAnd the reality ofالتَّوْجِيهِguidanceهِيَisأَنَّهُthat it
And the reality of guidance is that
إِذَاifوَقَعَتْthere occursصُعُوبَةٌa difficultyفِيinفَهْمِunderstandingكَلَامِthe speech ofالْمُؤَلِّفِthe author
if a difficulty occurs in understanding the author's speech
مَثَلًاfor example
- for example -
فَيَقِفُthen standsالشَّارِحُthe commentatorعِنْدَatذَلِكَthat
then the commentator stops at that,
وَيُيَسِّرُand he easesهَذِهِthisالصُّعُوبَةَdifficultyوَيَحُلُّand solvesكُلَّeveryغُمُوضٍobscurity
eases this difficulty, and resolves every obscurity.
وَلَمَّاAnd sinceكَانَتْwereعُقُولُthe minds ofالْقُرَّاءِthe readersلِلْكِتَابِof the book
And since the minds of the readers of the book
وَمَدَارِكُهُمْand their perceptionsلَيْسَتْare notفِيatمَرْتَبَةٍa levelوَاحِدَةٍsingle
and their perceptions are not at a single level,
فَلِذَلِكَthereforeيَخْتَلِفُdiffersالتَّوْجِيهُthe guidanceلِلْمُبْتَدِئِينَfor beginnersعَنِfromالتَّوْجِيهِthe guidanceلِلْمُنْتَهِينَfor advanced learners
therefore guidance for beginners differs from guidance for advanced learners.
وَكَثِيرٌAnd muchمِمَّاof whatيَصْعُبُis difficultفَهْمُهُto understandوَيَدِقُّand subtleإِدْرَاكُهُto perceive
And much of what is difficult to understand and subtle to perceive
يَشْعُرُis sensedبِهِbyالْمُنْتَهِيthe advanced learnerوَيَحْتَاجُand he needsإِلَىtoحَلِّهِits solution
is sensed by the advanced learner, and he needs its solution,
وَيَبْقَىwhile remainsالْمُبْتَدِئُthe beginnerفِيinغَفْلَةٍheedlessnessعَنْهُof it
while the beginner remains heedless of it
وَلَاand does notيُحِسُّfeelبِهِit
and does not feel it,
بَلْratherلَاhe does notيَسْتَطِيعُhave the abilityأَنْtoيُحِيطَcomprehendبِهِit
rather, he cannot comprehend it
وَيُدْرِكَهُand perceive itحَقَّthe trueإِدْرَاكِهِperception of it
and perceive it with true perception.
وَهُنَالِكَAnd there isكَثِيرٌmuchمِنَofالْكَلَامِspeech
And there is much speech
يَسْتَصْعِبُهُthat finds difficultالْمُبْتَدِئُthe beginner
that the beginner finds difficult
وَلَاand does notيَحْصُلُoccurفِيinذِهْنِthe mind ofالْمُنْتَهِيthe advanced learnerشَيْءٌanythingمِنَofالصُّعُوبَةِdifficulty
while nothing of that difficulty occurs in the mind of the advanced learner.
التَّوْجِيهُGuidanceفِيinالْقُرْآنِthe Quran
Guidance in the Quran:
وَلَمَّاAnd sinceكَانَwasالْقُرْآنُthe QuranالْكَرِيمُNoble
And since the Noble Quran
أَحَاطَencompassedبِجَمِيعِallالْعُقُولِmindsالْبَشَرِيَّةِhuman
encompassed all human minds
وَأَطْرَافِand the limits ofالْمَدَارِكِperceptionsالْإِنْسَانِيَّةِhuman
and the limits of human perceptions,
فَإِنَّهُthen indeed itقَدْhasرَاعَىconsideredحَالَthe state ofجُمْهُورِthe generality ofالْقُرَّاءِreaders
it has indeed considered the state of the generality of readers,
وَتَحَدَّثَand spokeعَلَىaccording toقَدْرِthe measure ofعُقُولِهِمْtheir mindsوَأَذْهَانِهِمْand intellects
and spoke according to the measure of their minds and intellects.
فَفِيSo inآيَاتِthe verses ofالْجَدَلِdialecticالْقُرْآنِيِّQuranic
So in the verses of Quranic debate,
يَقُومُis basedالتَّوْجِيهُguidanceعَلَىuponتَحْرِيرِclarifyingمَذَاهِبِthe doctrines ofتِلْكَthoseالْفِرَقِsects
guidance is based on clarifying the doctrines of those sects
الَّتِيwhichتَحَدَّثَspokeعَنْهَاabout themالْقُرْآنُthe Quran
which the Quran spoke about,
وَتَنْقِيحِand refiningوُجُوهِthe aspects ofالْإِلْزَامِbinding argument
and refining the aspects of binding argument.
وَفِيAnd inآيَاتِthe verses ofالْأَحْكَامِrulings
And in the verses of rulings,
يَنْبَنِيis builtالتَّوْجِيهُguidanceعَلَىuponتَوْضِيحِclarifyingالْمَسْأَلَةِthe issue
guidance is built upon clarifying the issue.