Al-Fawz al-Kabir fi Usul al-Tafsir

al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 60

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7

وَمِنْ

And from

آلِ

Aal

عِمْرَانَ:

Imran:

7 - And from Al-Imran:

آيَةُ

The verse of

ِاتِّقَاءِ

fearing

اللَّهِ

Allah

حَقَّ

the true

التَّقْوَى:

fear:

The verse of fearing Allah as He truly should be feared:

قَوْلُهُ

His statement

- تَعَالَى -:

- Most High -:

His statement - Most High -:

{اتَّقُوا
{Fear
اللَّهَ
Allah
حَقَّ
with His true
تُقَاتِهِ}
fear}

{Fear Allah with His true fear}

قِيلَ:

It was said:

إِنَّهَا

Indeed, it is

مَنْسُوخَةٌ

abrogated

بِقَوْلِهِ

by His statement

- تَعَالَى -:

- Most High -:

It was said: Indeed, it is abrogated by His statement - Most High -:

{فَاتَّقُوا
{So fear
اللَّهَ
Allah
مَا
as much as
اسْتَطَعْتُمْ}
you are able}

{So fear Allah as much as you are able}

وَقِيلَ:

And it was said:

لَا

No,

بَلْ

rather

هُوَ

it is

مُحْكَمٌ،

decisive,

وَلَيْسَ

and there is not

فِيهَا

in it

آيَةٌ

a verse

يَصِحُّ

in which is valid

فِيهَا

in it

دَعْوَى

the claim of

النَّسْخِ

abrogation

غَيْرُ

other than

هَذِهِ

this

الْآيَةِ.

verse.

And it was said: No, rather it is decisive, and there is no verse in it for which the claim of abrogation is valid other than this verse.

قُلْتُ:

I said:

"حَقَّ

"True

تُقَاتِهِ"

fear of Him"

فِي

is concerning

الشِّرْكِ

polytheism

وَالْكُفْرِ

and disbelief

وَمَا

and what

يَرْجِعُ

pertains

إِلَى

to

الِاعْتِقَادِ،

belief,

وَ"مَا

and "what

اسْتَطَعْتُمْ"

you are able"

فِي

is concerning

الْأَعْمَالِ،

actions,

مَنْ

whoever

لَمْ

does not

يَسْتَطِعِ

have the ability to

الْوُضُوءَ

perform ablution

يَتَيَمَّمُ،

performs dry ablution,

وَمَنْ

and whoever

لَمْ

does not

يَسْتَطِعِ

have the ability to

الْقِيَامَ

stand

يُصَلِّي

prays

قَاعِدًا،

sitting,

وَهَذَا

and this

التَّوْجِيهُ

direction

ظَاهِرٌ

is apparent

مِنْ

from

سِيَاقِ

the context of

الْآيَةِ،

the verse,

وَهُوَ

and it is

قَوْلُهُ

His statement

- تَعَالَى -:

- Most High -:

I said: "True fear of Him" is concerning polytheism, disbelief, and matters of belief, while "what you are able" is concerning actions. Whoever is unable to perform ablution performs dry ablution, and whoever is unable to stand prays sitting, and this direction is apparent from the context of the verse, which is His statement - Most High -:

{وَلَا
{And do not
تَمُوتُنَّ
die
إِلَّا
except
وَأَنْتُمْ
while you are
مُسْلِمُونَ}
Muslims}

{And do not die except while you are Muslims}

٨

8

- وَمِنْ

- And from

سُورَةِ

Surah

النِّسَاءِ:

An-Nisa:

آيَةُ

the verse of

الْإِيتَاءِ

giving

لِلْمَوَالِي:

to allies:

د

d

8 - And from Surah An-Nisa: The verse of giving to allies: d

قَوْلُهُ

His statement

- تَعَالَى -:

- Most High -:

His statement - Most High -:

{وَالَّذِينَ
{And those
عَقَدَتْ
have covenanted
أَيْمَانُكُمْ
your oaths
فَآتُوهُمْ
so give them
نَصِيبَهُمْ}
their share}

{And those [to whom] your oaths have covenanted, so give them their share}

مَنْسُوخَةٌ

is abrogated

بِقَوْلِهِ

by His statement

- تَعَالَى -:

- Most High -:

is abrogated by His statement - Most High -:

{وَأُولُو
{And those of
الْأَرْحَامِ
blood relations
بَعْضُهُمْ
some of them
أَوْلَى
are closer
بِبَعْضٍ}
to others}

{And those of blood relations are closer to one another}

قُلْتُ

I said

ظَاهِرُ

the apparent meaning of

الْآيَةِ،

the verse is

أَنَّ

that

الْمِيرَاثَ

inheritance

لِلْمَوَالِي

is for allies

وَالْبِرَّ

and righteousness

وَالصِّلَةَ

and keeping ties

لِمَوْلَى

for the ally of

الْمُوَالَاةِ،

alliance,

فَلَا

so there is

نَسْخَ.

no abrogation.

I said: The apparent meaning of the verse is that inheritance is for the allies and righteousness and keeping ties are for the ally of alliance, so there is no abrogation.

٩

9

- آيَةُ

- The verse of

إِيتَاءِ

giving

الْيَتَامَى

the orphans

وَالْمَسَاكِينِ

and the needy

مِنَ

from

الْمِيرَاثِ:

the inheritance:

9 - The verse of giving the orphans and the needy from the inheritance:

وَقَوْلُهُ

And His statement

- تَعَالَى -:

- Most High -:

And His statement - Most High -:

{وَإِذَا
{And when
حَضَرَ
are present
الْقِسْمَةَ
at the division
أُولُو
those of
الْقُرْبَى}
relatives}

{And when [other] relatives are present at the division}