الْفَصْلُThe chapterالرَّابِعُfourth
The fourth chapter
فِيInبَقِيَّةِthe rest ofمَبَاحِثِdiscussions ofهَذَاthisالْبَابِchapter
In the rest of the discussions of this chapter
وَهُوَAnd itيَشْتَمِلُcomprisesعَلَىonحَذْفِomission ofبَعْضِsomeالْأَجْزَاءِpartsأَوْorأَدَوَاتِtools ofالْكَلَامِspeech
And it comprises the omission of some parts or tools of speech
الَّذِيwhichيُسَبِّبُcausesالْخَفَاءَobscurityوَالْإِشْكَالَand ambiguity
which causes obscurity and ambiguity,
وَكَذَلِكَand likewiseإِبْدَالُsubstitution ofشَيْءٍsomething
and likewise the substitution of something,
وَتَقْدِيمُand putting forwardمَاwhatحَقُّهُits rightالتَّأْخِيرُis delay
and putting forward what has the right to be delayed,
وَتَأْخِيرُand delayingمَاwhatحَقُّهُits rightالتَّقْدِيمُis priority
and delaying what has the right to be put forward,
وَاسْتِعْمَالُand the use ofالْمُتَشَابِهَاتِambiguitiesوَالتَّعْرِيضَاتِand insinuationsوَالْكِنَايَاتِand metonymies
and the use of ambiguities, insinuations, and metonymies,
وَتَصْوِيرُand portrayingالْمَعْنَىthe meaningالْمُرَادِintendedبِالصُّورَةِby the imageالْمَحْسُوسَةِsensory
and portraying the intended meaning by the sensory image
الَّتِيwhichتَكُونُisمِنْfromلَوَازِمِnecessities ofذَلِكَthatالْمَعْنَىmeaningعَادَةًusually
which is usually among the necessities of that meaning,
وَهُوَand itمَاwhatيُسَمَّىis calledبِالِاسْتِعَارَةِthe implicit metaphorالْمَكْنِيَّةِimpliedوَالْمَجَازِand the figurativeالْعَقْلِيِّrational
and it is what is called the implied metaphor and the rational trope.
فَلْنُعَرِّفْSo let us defineهُنَاhereبِبَعْضِsomeأَمْثِلَةِexamples ofهَذِهِtheseالْأَشْيَاءِthingsبِاخْتِصَارٍbriefly
So let us define here some examples of these things briefly
حَتَّىuntilتَحْصُلَis achievedلِلْقَارِئِfor the readerبَصِيرَةٌinsightفِيinهَذَاthisالْمَوْضُوعِsubject
so that insight into this subject is achieved for the reader.
[الْحَذْفُ][The Omission]
[The Omission]
أَمَّاAs forالْحَذْفُthe omissionفَإِنَّهُthen itيَنْقَسِمُis dividedإِلَىintoعِدَّةِseveralأَقْسَامٍsections
As for the omission, it is divided into several sections:
1 - Omission of the annexed
2 - Omission of the described
3 - Omission of the dependent
4 - Omission of other than that.
مِثَالُExample ofحَذْفِomission ofالْمُضَافِthe annexed:
Example of the omission of the annexed:
قَوْلُهُHis saying- تَعَالَى -- Exalted is He -:colon{وَلَكِنَّ{And butالْبِرَّrighteousnessمَنْis [the one] whoآمَنَ}believed}الْآيَةُthe verse
His saying - Exalted is He -: {And righteousness is [the one] who believed} the verse.
أَيْMeaningبِرُّrighteousness ofمَنْwhoeverآمَنَbelieved
Meaning: righteousness of whoever believed.