مُعْرِضِينَturning away
Turning away.
أَيْthat is
That is:
إِذَاwhenقِيلَit is saidلَهُمْto themاتَّقُواfearمَاwhat isبَيْنَbetweenأَيْدِيكُمْyour hands
When it is said to them, 'Fear what is before you'
وَمَاand what isخَلْفَكُمْbehind youأَعْرَضُواthey turned away
and what is behind you, they turn away.
التَّحْقِيقُThe investigationالدَّقِيقُpreciseفِيregardingكَلِمَةِthe wordإِذْ'Idh'
The precise investigation regarding the word 'Idh':
وَلْيُعْلَمْAnd let it be knownأَيْضاًalsoأَنَّthatالْأَصْلَthe originفِيinمِثْلِlikeقَوْلِهِHis saying
And let it be known also that the origin in such statements of His
تَعَالَىthe Most Highوَإِذْ'And whenقَالَsaidرَبُّكَyour Lordلِلْمَلَائِكَةِto the angels'
- He is Exalted - 'And when your Lord said to the angels'
وَإِذْ'And whenقَالَsaidمُوسَىMoses'
and 'And when Moses said'
أَنَّis thatكَلِمَةَthe wordإِذْ'Idh'ظَرْفُis an adverb ofفِعْلٍtime/action
is that the word 'idh' is a verbal adverb,
وَلَكِنَّهَاbut itنُقِلَتْwas transferredإِلَىtoمَعْنَىthe meaning ofالتَّخْوِيفِfrighteningوَالتَّهْوِيلِand terrifyingوَأَمْثَالِand the like ofذَلِكَthat
but it has been shifted to signify frightening, terrifying, and the like.
فَكَأَنَّIt is as ifشَخْصاًsomeoneيَسْتَحْضِرُis bringing to mindالْمَوَاضِعَthe placesالْهَائِلَةَterrifying
It is as if a person is bringing to mind terrifying places
أَوْorالْوَقَائِعَeventsالْهَائِلَةَterrifyingالْعَظِيمَةَand immenseمِنْwithoutدُونِneed forتَرْكِيبٍcompositionلِلْجُمَلِof sentences
or immense, terrifying events without structuring sentences,
وَمِنْand withoutغَيْرِother thanوُقُوعِthe occurrence ofالْكَلِمَاتِthe wordsفِيinحَيِّزِthe realm ofالْإِعْرَابِgrammatical inflection
and without the words falling into any realm of grammatical inflection,
فَإِنَّfor indeedالْغَرَضَthe purposeالْمَطْلُوبَdesiredهُوَisاسْتِحْضَارُهَاbringing them to mindوَذِكْرُهَاand mentioning them
for the desired purpose is to bring them to mind and mention them
حَتَّىuntilتَرْتَسِمَis etchedصُورَتُهَاtheir imageالْبَارِزَةُprominentفِيinذِهْنِthe mind ofالْمُخَاطَبِthe addressee
until their prominent image is etched in the addressee's mind,
وَيَسْتَوْلِيَand overtakesالْخَوْفُfearمِنْهَاof themوَاسْتِهْوَالُهَاand their terrifying natureعَلَىuponقَلْبِهِhis heartوَضَمِيرِهِand his conscience
and fear of them and their terrifying nature take over his heart and conscience.
فَالْتَّحْقِيقُThus the correct viewهُوَisأَنَّهُthatفِيinأَمْثَالِlikeهَذِهِtheseالْمَوَاضِعِplaces
Thus, the accurate verification is that in such places
لَاnoحَاجَةَneedإِلَىforالتَّفْتِيشِsearchingوَالْبَحْثِand inquiringعَنِaboutالْعَوَامِلِthe governing agentsفِيinهَذِهِthisالْكَلِمَةِword
there is no need to search and inquire about the governing agents for this word,
وَاللَّهُand Allahأَعْلَمُknows best
and Allah knows best.
حَذْفُOmission ofالْجَارِّthe preposition
Omission of the preposition:
وَلْيُعْلَمْAnd let it be knownأَيْضاًalsoأَنَّthatحَذْفَthe omission ofالْجَارِّthe prepositionمِنْfromأَنْ'anالْمَصْدَرِيَّةِsubordinating infinitiveمَطَّرِدٌis consistent and widespreadفِيinكَلَامِthe speech ofالْعَرَبِthe Arabs
And let it be known also that omitting the preposition from the infinitive 'an' is consistent in Arab speech,
وَيَكُونُand it isالْمُرَادُintendedحِينَئِذٍat that timeلِأَنْ'li-an' (because)أَوْorبِأَنْ'bi-an' (by that)
and the intended meaning then is 'li-an' (so that) or 'bi-an' (by that).
حَذْفُOmission ofجَوَابِthe response ofالشَّرْطِthe condition
Omission of the conditional response:
وَلْيُعْلَمْAnd let it be knownأَيْضاًalsoأَنَّthatالْأَصْلَthe originفِيinمِثْلِlikeقَوْلِهِHis saying
And let it be known also that the origin in such statements of His
تَعَالَىthe Most Highوَلَوْ'And ifتَرَىyou could seeإِذِwhenالظَّالِمُونَthe wrongdoersفِيinغَمَرَاتِthe overwhelming depths ofالْمَوْتِdeath'
- He is Exalted - 'And if you could see when the wrongdoers are in the overwhelming depths of death'
وَلَوْ'And ifيَرَىwould seeالَّذِينَthose whoظَلَمُواdid wrongإِذْwhenيَرَوْنَthey seeالْعَذَابَthe punishment'
and 'And if those who did wrong would see when they see the punishment'.