إِذَاWhenوَقَعَتِbefallsالْوَاقِعَةُthe Event
When the Event befalls
إِلَىtoقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَىMost High
to His saying, Most High:
وَكُنْتُمْAnd you will beأَزْوَاجًاcategoriesثَلَاثَةًthree
And you will be three categories.
حَتَّىUntilإِذَاwhenجَاءُوهَاthey reach itفُتِحَتْwill be openedأَبْوَابُهَاits gates
Until, when they reach it and its gates are opened
وَلِيُمَحِّصَAnd that He may purifyاللَّهُAllahالَّذِينَthose whoآمَنُواbelieved
And that Allah may purify those who believe
فَاءُThe Faالِاتِّصَالِof connection
The Fa of Connection:
كَذَلِكَLikewiseالْفَاءُthe Faأَيْضًاalsoزَائِدَةٌis extraلِتَأْكِيدِfor emphasizingالِاتِّصَالِthe connection
Likewise, the Fa is also extra (to emphasize connection):
قَالَSaidالْقَسْطَلَانِيُّAl-Qastalaniفِيinشَرْحِthe commentary ofكِتَابِthe Book ofالْحَجِّHajjفِيinبَابِthe chapter ofالْمُعْتَمِرِ'The Umrah performer'إِذَاwhenطَافَhe performs Tawafطَوَافَof TawafالْعُمْرَةِUmrahثُمَّthenخَرَجَhe goes outهَلْdoesيُجْزِيهِit suffice himمِنْfromطَوَافِTawafالْوَدَاعِof farewell
Al-Qastalani said in the commentary of the Book of Hajj in the chapter "The Umrah performer when he performs the Tawaf of Umrah then goes out, does it suffice him from the farewell Tawaf":
وَيَجُوزُAnd it is permissibleتَوَسُّطُthe intervention ofالْعَاطِفِthe conjunctionبَيْنَbetweenالصِّفَةِthe adjectiveوَالْمَوْصُوفِand the described
And it is permissible for the conjunction to intervene between the adjective and the described
لِتَأْكِيدِto emphasizeلُصُوقِهَاits adherenceبِالْمَوْصُوفِto the described
to emphasize its close adherence to the described
نَحْوُsuch as
such as:
إِذْWhenيَقُولُsaysالْمُنَافِقُونَthe hypocritesوَالَّذِينَand those whoفِيinقُلُوبِهِمْtheir heartsمَرَضٌis disease
When the hypocrites and those in whose hearts is disease say
قَالَSaidسِيبَوَيْهِSibawayh
Sibawayh said:
هُوَItمِثْلُis likeمَرَرْتُI passedبِزَيْدٍby Zaydوَصَاحِبِكَand your companion
"It is like 'I passed by Zayd and your companion'"
إِذَاwhenأَرَدْتَyou intendedبِصَاحِبِكَby your companionزَيْدًاZayd
when you intend Zayd by your companion.
وَقَالَAnd saidالزَّمَخْشَرِيُّAl-ZamakhshariفِيregardingقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَىMost High
And Al-Zamakhshari said regarding His saying, Most High:
وَمَاAnd notأَهْلَكْنَاdid We destroyمِنْanyقَرْيَةٍtownإِلَّاexceptوَلَهَاand it hadكِتَابٌa decreeمَعْلُومٌknown
"And We did not destroy any town except that it had a known decree."
جُمْلَةٌA sentenceوَاقِعَةٌoccurringصِفَةًas an adjectiveلِقَرْيَةٍfor a town
A sentence occurring as an adjective for a town.
وَالْقِيَاسُAnd the standard ruleأَنْis thatلَاnotتَتَوَسَّطَinterveneالْوَاوُthe Wawبَيْنَهُمَاbetween them
And the standard rule is that the Waw does not intervene between them
كَمَاasفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَىMost High
as in His saying, Most High:
وَمَاAnd notأَهْلَكْنَاdid We destroyمِنْanyقَرْيَةٍtownإِلَّاexceptلَهَاit hadمُنْذِرُونَwarners
"And We did not destroy any town except it had warners."
إِنَّمَاRatherتَوَسَّطَتْit intervenedلِتَأْكِيدِto emphasizeلُصُوقِthe adherence ofالصِّفَةِthe adjectiveبِالْمَوْصُوفِto the described
It only intervened to emphasize the close adherence of the adjective to the described.
كَمَاasيُقَالُit is saidفِيinالْحَالِthe circumstantial clause
As it is said in the circumstantial clause:
جَاءَنِيCame to meزَيْدٌZaydعَلَيْهِupon himثَوْبٌis a garment
"Zayd came to me [while] upon him is a garment"
وَجَاءَنِيand came to meوَعَلَيْهِand upon himثَوْبٌis a garment
"and [Zayd] came to me [while] upon him is a garment"