al fawz al kabir fi usul al tafsir

Page 97

انْتِشَارُSpreadالضَّمَائِرِof pronounsوَإِرَادَةُand intendingالْمَعْنَيَيْنِtwo meaningsبِكَلِمَةٍwith a wordوَاحِدَةٍsingle

Spread of pronouns and intending two meanings with a single word:

وَأَحْيَانًاAnd sometimesيَكُونُisانْتِشَارُthe spreadالضَّمَائِرِof pronouns

And sometimes the spread of pronouns

وَإِرَادَةُand intendingمَعْنَيَيْنِtwo meaningsأَوْorأَكْثَرَmoreبِكَلِمَةٍwith a wordوَاحِدَةٍsingle

and intending two or more meanings with a single word

سَبَبًاa causeمِنْfromأَسْبَابِcausesالصُّعُوبَةِof difficultyفِيinفَهْمِunderstandingالْكَلَامِthe speech

is a cause of difficulty in understanding the speech,

وَفِيمَاand in whatيَلِيfollowsأَمْثِلَتُهُare its examples

and in what follows are its examples:

  • وَإِنَّهُمْAnd indeed theyلَيَصُدُّونَهُمْsurely turn them awayعَنِfromالسَّبِيلِthe wayوَيَحْسَبُونَand they thinkأَنَّهُمْthat theyمُهْتَدُونَare guided
  • "And indeed they surely turn them away from the way and they think that they are guided"

    يَعْنِيIt meansأَنَّthatالشَّيَاطِينَthe devilsلَيَصُدُّونَsurely turn awayالنَّاسَthe peopleعَنِfromالسَّبِيلِthe way

    means that the devils surely turn the people away from the way

    وَيَحْسَبُand thinksالنَّاسُthe peopleأَنَّهُمْthat theyمُهْتَدُونَare guided

    and the people think that they are guided.

  • وَقَالَAnd saidقَرِينُهُhis companion
  • "And his companion said"

    فِيinمَوْضِعٍplaceوَاحِدٍoneالْمُرَادُintendedبِهِby itالشَّيْطَانُis the devil

    in one place, the devil is intended by it,

    وَفِيand inالْمَوْضِعِthe placeالْآخَرِotherالْمَلَكُthe angel

    and in the other place, the angel.

  • يَسْأَلُونَكَThey ask youمَاذَاwhatيُنْفِقُونَthey spendقُلِsayالْعَفْوَthe excess
  • "They ask you what they spend. Say: 'The excess'."

    فَالْأَوَّلُSo the firstمَعْنَاهُits meaningأَيْmeaningإِنْفَاقٍspendingيُنْفِقُونَthey spend

    So the first, its meaning: what spending they spend,

    وَهُوَand it isصَادِقٌtrueبِالسُّؤَالِby askingعَنِaboutالْمَصْرِفِthe recipient

    and it applies to asking about the recipient

    لِأَنَّbecauseالْإِنْفَاقَspendingيَصِيرُbecomesبِاعْتِبَارِconsideringالْمَصَارِفِthe recipientsأَنْوَاعًاtypes

    because spending becomes types considering the recipients,

    وَالثَّانِيand the secondمَعْنَاهُits meaningأَيْmeaningمَالٍwealthيُنْفِقُونَthey spend

    and the second, its meaning: what wealth they spend.

    مَعَانِيMeaningsجَعَلَof 'Ja'ala'وَشَيْءٍand 'Shay''

    Meanings of 'Ja'ala' and 'Shay'':

    وَمِنْAnd fromهَذَاthisالْقَبِيلِcategoryمَجِيئُis the coming ofلَفْظِthe wordجَعَلَ'Ja'ala'

    And from this category is the coming of the word 'Ja'ala'

    وَشَيْءٍand 'Shay''وَأَمْثَالِهِمَاand their likesمِنَfromالْأَلْفَاظِthe wordsلِمَعَانٍfor meaningsشَتَّىvarious

    and 'Shay'' and their likes from the words for various meanings.

    فَتَارَةًSo sometimesتَأْتِيcomesجَعَلَ'Ja'ala'بِمَعْنَىin the meaning ofخَلَقَcreated

    So sometimes 'Ja'ala' comes in the meaning of created

    كَقَوْلِهِlike His sayingتَعَالَىExalted is He

    like His saying - Exalted is He -:

  • جَعَلَHe createdالظُّلُمَاتِthe darknessesوَالنُّورَand the light
  • "He created the darknesses and the light"