أَAـ-الأَدِلَّةُThe evidenceالسَّمْعِيَّةُauditory
A - The auditory evidence:
تَنْقَسِمُis dividedإِلَىintoقَسْمَيْنِtwo sections::
It is divided into two sections:
خَبَرٌnews,,وَandطَلَبٌrequest
a news and a request.
فَمِنَSo fromالْخَبَرِthe news؛;قَوْلُهُHis sayingتَعَالَىMost High::لَيْسَThere is noكَlikeمِثْلِهِHis exampleشَيْءٌanything
So from the news is His saying, the Most High: "There is nothing likened unto Him."
؛;فَالْآيَةُSo the verseفِيهَاin itنَفْيٌdenialصَرِيحٌexplicitلِلْتَّمْثِيلِof likening
So the verse in it contains an explicit denial of likening.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying::﴿[هَلْDoتَعْلَمُyou knowلَهُfor Himسَمِيًّاa similitude﴾][مَرْيَمَ: ٦٥][Mary: 65]؛;فَإِنَّIndeedهَذَاthisوَإِنْand ifكَانَit wasإنْشَاءًa creationلَكِنَّهُbut itبِمَعْنَىin meaningالْخَبَرِthe news؛;لَأَنَّهُbecauseاسْتِفْهَامٌinterrogationبِمَعْنَىin the meaningالنَّفْيِof negation
And His saying: "Do you know for Him a similitude?" [Mary: 65]; Indeed this, even if it was a creation, but it is in meaning of the news; because it is an interrogation in the meaning of negation.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His saying::وَلَمْAnd notيَكُنْwasلَهُfor himكُفُوًاequalأَحَدٌone[[الإِخْلاَصُThe Sincerity::٤4]]؛;فَهَذِهِSo theseكُلُّهَاallتَدُلُّindicateعَلَىonنَفْيِdenialالْمُمَاثَلَةِof likeness،,وَهِيَand they areخَبَرِيَّةٌnews-based
So these are all indicative of the denial of likeness, and they are news-based.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forالطَّلَبُthe request؛;فَقَالَHe saidاللهُGodتَعَالَىMost High::﴿[فَلَاSo do notتَجْعَلُواmake youلِلَّهِfor Allahأَندَادًاequals[[الْبَقَرَةُThe Cow::٢٢22]]؛;أَيْThat is::نَظَائِرَpeersمُمَاثِلِينَsimilar
And as for the request; God, Most High, said: "So do not make for Allah equals." [The Cow: 22]; That is: peers similar.
وَقَالَAnd he said::﴿[فَلَاSo do notتَضْرِبُواstrike youلِلَّهِfor Allahالْأَمْثَالَthe examples
And said: "So do not strike for Allah the examples."
[[النَّحْلُThe Bee::٧٤74]]فَمَنSo whoeverمَثَّلَlikenedاللَّهَAllahبِخَلْقِهِto His creation؛;فَقَدْhasكَذَّبَdeniedالْخَبَرَthe news،,وَعَصَىand disobeyedالْأَمْرَthe command
So whoever likened Allah to His creation; has denied the news, and disobeyed the command.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonأَطْلَقَsome declaredبَعْضُsomeالسَّلَفِthe predecessorsالْقَوْلَthe statementبِالتَّكْفِيرِof takfirلِمَنfor whomمَثَّلَlikenedاللَّهَAllahبِخَلْقِهِto His creation،,فَقَالَso saidنَعِيمٌNu’manابْنُsonحَمَّادٍHamadالْخُزَاعِيِّAl-KhuzaiشَيْخُSheikhالْبُخَارِيِّAl-Bukhariرَحِمَهُ اللَّهُmay Allah have mercy on him::«مَنWhoeverشَبَّهَequatesاللَّهَAllahبِخَلْقِهِto His creation؛;فَقَدْhasكَفَرَdisbelieved(۱)(1)؛;لِأَنَّهُbecauseجَمَعَhe combinesبَيْنَbetweenالتَّكْذِيبَthe denialبِالْخَبَرِof the newsوَعِصْيَانِand disobedienceالطَّلَبِthe request
And for this reason, some of the predecessors declared takfir for whoever likened Allah to His creation; so Nu’man ibn Hamad Al-Khuzai, the Sheikh of Al-Bukhari, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "Whoever likens Allah to His creation, has disbelieved (1); because it combines between the denial of the news and disobedience of the request.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forالأَدِلَّةُthe evidenceالعَقْلِيَّةُrationalعَلَىaboutانْتِفَاءِthe non-existenceالْتَّمَاثُلِsimilarityبَيْنَbetweenالْخَالِقِthe Creatorوَالْمَخْلُوقِand the creation
And as for the rational evidence of the non-existence of the similarity between the Creator and the creation:
فَمِنْSo fromوُجُوهٍaspects
It comes in aspects:
(۱)(1)أَخْرَجَهُIt is narratedاللَّالَكَىAl-Lalakiفِيinشَرْحِexplainingالسُّنَّةِthe Sunnah(٩٣٦)(936)،,وَصَحَّحَهُand it is authenticatedالأَلْبَانِيُّAl-Albaniفِيin«مُخْتَصَرِ«SummaryالْعُلُوِّThe Elevation»"(ص( p١٨٤)184)،,وَانْظُرْand seeسِيَرَthe biographiesأَعْلَامٍof the famousالنُّبَلَاءِnobles(٦١٠/١٠)(610/10)
(1) It is narrated by Al-Lalaki in explaining the Sunnah (936), and it is authenticated by Al-Albani in «Summary of The Elevation» (p 184), and see: The Biographies of the Famous Nobles (610/10)