قَاهِرٌthe subduerكُلَّallشَيْءٍ،things.وَمِنْAnd fromهُوَHimقَوْلِهِHis sayingتَعَالَى:the Most High:﴿(فَقَالَHe said,أَكْفِلْنِيهَاProtect it for me,وَعَزَّنِيand gave me strengthفِيinالْخِطَابِthe speech.اص[literal] :٢٣23؛;يَعْنِيmeaning:غَلَبَنِيHe overpowered meفِيinالْخِطَابِ.the speech.فَاللَّهُSo AllahسُبْحَانَهُGlory be to Himعَزِيزٌis Mightyلَاnoغَالِبٌoverpoweringلَهُfor HimبَلْbutهُوَHeغَالِبٌis overpoweringكُلَّallشَيْءٍ.things.
The Subduer of all things, and from Him is His saying: "He said, Protect it for me, and He gave me strength in the speech." (Qur'an 23); meaning: He overpowered me in the speech. So Allah, the Most High, is Mighty and has no one overpowering Him, but He is the One who overpowers all things.
ـ–وَعِزَّةُAnd the mightالِامْتِنَاعِof refusalوَهِيَAnd it isأَنْthatاللَّهَAllahتَعَالَىthe Most Highيَمْتَنِعُrefusesأَنْthatيَنَالَهُhe can reachسُوءٌevilأَوْorنَقْصٍ؛deficiency;فَهُوَSo he isمَأْخُوذٌtakenمِنَfromالْقُوَّةِthe strengthوَالصُّلَابَةِand firmnessوَمِنْهَاAnd from itقَوْلُهُمْthey say::أَرْضٌLandعَزَازٌ؛Strong;يَعْنِيmeaning:قَوِيَّةٌStrongشَدِيدَةٌ.Severe.
And the might of refusal, which is that Allah, the Most High, refuses to be reached by evil or deficiency; thus, He is taken from strength and firmness. And from this, they say: 'A strong land;' meaning: it is strong and severe.
هَذِهِTheseمَعَانِيmeaningsالْعِزَّةِof mightالَّتِيthatأَثْبَتَهَاHe has establishedاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Most Highلِنَفْسِهِ،for Himself,وَهِيَand it isتَدُلُّshowsعَلَىonكَمَالِthe perfectionقَهْرِهِ،of His might,وَسُلْطَانِهِand His authorityوَعَلَىand onكَمَالِthe completenessصِفَاتِهِof His attributesوَعَلَىand onتَمَامِthe fullnessتَنَزُّهَهُof His purityعَنْfromالنَّقْصِ.deficiency.
These are the meanings of might that Allah, the Most High, has established for Himself, and they indicate the perfection of His might, and His authority, and they indicate the completeness of His attributes and the fullness of His purity from deficiency.
تَدُلُّThey indicateعَلَىonكَمَالِthe perfectionقَهْرِهِof His power.وَسُلْطَانِهِAnd His sovereignty.فِيInعِزَّةِthe mightالْقَهْرِ.of subjugation.
They indicate the perfection of His might and sovereignty in the might of subjugation.
وَعَلَىAnd onتَمَامِthe completenessصِفَاتِهِof His attributes.وَكَمَالَهَاand their perfectionوَأَنَّهُand that Heلَاis notمَثِيلٌlikeلَهَاto itفِيinعِزَّةِthe mightالْقَدَرِ.of power.
And on the completeness of His attributes and their perfection, and that there is no equivalent to it in the might of power.
وَعَلَىAnd onتَمَامِthe completenessتَنَزُّهَهُof His purityعَنْfromالْعَيْبِdefectوَالنَّقْصِand deficiencyفِيinعِزَّةِthe mightالِامْتِنَاعِ.of refusal.
And on the completeness of His purity from defect and deficiency in the might of refusal.
قَوْلُهُ:His saying:﴿(وَلِرَسُولِهِAnd for His Messengerوَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَand for the believers;يَعْنِيmeans:أَنَّthatالرَّسُولَthe Messengerﷺ(peace be upon him)لَهُfor himعِزَّةً،might,وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَand for the believersأَيْضًاalsoعِزَّةًmightوَغَلَبَةً.and supremacy.
His saying: "And for His Messenger and for the believers;" means that the Messenger (peace be upon him) has might, and for the believers also there is might and supremacy.
وَلَكِنَّButيَجِبُit mustأَنْthatنَعْلَمَwe knowأَنَّthatالْعِزَّةَthe mightالَّتِيthatأَثْبَتَهَاHe has establishedاللَّهُAllahلِرَسُولِهِfor His Messengerوَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَand for the believersلَيْسَتis notكَعِزَّةِlike the mightاللَّهِ؛of Allah;فَإِنَّfor indeedالْعِزَّةَthe mightلِلرَّسُولِof the Messengerعَلَيْهِupon himالصَّلَاةِpeaceوَالسَّلامِand blessingsوَالْمُؤْمِنِينَand the believersقَدْmayيَشُوبُهَاbe mingled withذِلَّةٍ؛humiliation;
But it must be known that the might established by Allah for His Messenger and for the believers is not like the might of Allah; for indeed, the might of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and the believers may be mingled with humiliation;
لِقَوْلِهِdue to His sayingتَعَالَى:The Most High:﴿(وَلَقَدْand indeed,نَصَرَكُمُHe aided you,اللَّهُAllahبِبَدْرٍin Badr,وَأَنتُمْand you wereأَذِلَّةٌhumble."﴾(”[آل عمران[Aali ‘Imran::١٢٣]،123];وَقَدْAnd sometimesيُغْلَبُونَthey may be overpoweredأَحْيَانًاsometimesلِحِكَمةٍfor wisdomيُرِيدُهَاHe desires itاللَّهُAllahعَزَّ وَجَلَّ؛the Mighty and Majestic;فِيSo inأُحُدَUhudلَمْdid notيَحْصُلْthey achieveلَهُمْfor themتَامَّةَfullالْعِزَّةَ؛might;لِأَنَّهُمْbecause theyغُلِبُواwere defeatedفِيinالنِّهَايَةِthe end;لِحِكَمةٍfor wisdomعَظِيمَةٍ،great,وَكَذَٰلِكَand similarlyفِيinحُنَيْنٍHunain,وَلَوُواand they turnedمُدْبِرِينَ،to retreat;وَلَمْand did notيَبْقَremainمَعَwith٣٤٦346
Due to His saying: "And indeed, Allah aided you in Badr, and you were humble." (Aali ‘Imran: 123) And sometimes they may be overpowered for wisdom He desires, Allah the Mighty and Majestic; so in Uhud they did not achieve full might; because they were defeated in the end for great wisdom. And similarly, in Hunain, they turned to retreat, and did not remain with 346.