الْخَمْسُthe fiveمَعَwithاجْتِنَابِavoidingالْكَبَائِرِthe major sinsمُتَسَاعِدِينَhelpingمُتَعَاوِنِينَcooperatingعَلَىtoتَكْفِيرِexpiationالصَّغَائِرِthe minor sinsمَعَwith
The five (expiations) with the avoidance of major sins are a means of helping and cooperating to expiate the minor sins.
أَنَّهُthat Heسُبْحَانَهُthe ExaltedقَدْindeedقَالَsaidهُوَHeإِنifتَجْتَنِبُواyou avoidكَبَائِرَthe major sinsمَاwhateverتُنْهَوْنَyou are forbiddenعَنْهُfrom itنُكَفِّرْWe will expiateعَنكُمْfor youسَيِّئَاتِكُمْyour sins
Indeed, He, the Exalted, said: 'If you avoid the major sins that you are forbidden from, We will expiate for you your sins' [Quran, An-Nisa 31].
فَعَلِمَSo it is knownأَنَّthatجَعَلَmakingالشَّيْءَsomethingسَبَبًاa causeلِلتَّكْفِيرِfor expiationلَاdoes notيَمْنَعُpreventأَنْthatيَتَعَاوَنَit helpsهُوَitوَسَبَبٌand a causeآخَرُanotherعَلَىtoالتَّكْفِيرِthe expiationوَيَكُونَand to beالتَّكْفِيرُthe expiationمَعَwithاجْتِمَاعِthe gatheringالسَّبَبَيْنِof the two causesأَقْوَىstrongerوَأَكْمَلُand more completeمِنْهُthan itمَعَwithانْفِرَادِthe isolationأَحَدِهِمَاof one of themوَكُلَّمَاand wheneverقَوِيَتْthe reasons are strongأَسْبَابُthe causesالتَّكْفِيرِof expiationكَانَit wasأَقْوَىstrongerوَأَكْمَلَand more completeوَأَشْمَلَand more comprehensive
So it is known that making something a cause for expiation does not prevent it from helping with another cause for expiation, and the expiation with the gathering of the two causes is stronger and more complete than with the isolation of one of them; and whenever the causes of expiation are stronger, it is also stronger and more comprehensive.
وَكَانَتْAnd they were supporting each otherبَعْضُهُمْsome of themعَلَىonقَوْلِهِhis sayingحَاكِيًاnarratingعَنْaboutرَبِّهِhis LordأَنَاI amعِندَaccording toحَسَنِthe goodظَنٍّopinionعَبْدِيof My servantبِيof Meفَلْيَظُنَّso let him thinkبِيof Meمَاwhateverشَاءَhe wishes
And they were supporting each other on his saying, narrating from his Lord: 'I am according to the good opinion of My servant of Me, so let him think of Me whatever he wishes.'
يَعْنِيMeaningمَاwhateverكَانَwasفِيinظَنِّهِhis opinionفَاعِلَهُthe doerفَإِنِّيfor Iوَلَاand noرَيْبًdoubtأَنَّthatحَسَنَthe goodالظَّنَّopinionإِنَّمَاit is onlyيَكُونُisمَعَwithالإِحْسَانِthe goodnessفَإِنَّfor surelyالْمُحْسِنَthe doer of goodحَسَنُgoodالظَّنِّopinionبِرَبِّهِof his Lordأَنَّهُthat heيُجازِيهِwill reward himعَلَىforإِحْسَانِهِhis good deedوَلَاand notيُخْلَفَbreak his promiseوَandيَقبَلَacceptتَوْبَتَهُhis repentance
Meaning whatever was in his opinion, for surely I will reward him for his good deed, and there is no doubt that the good opinion is only with goodness, for the doer of good has a good opinion of his Lord that He will reward him for his good deed and will not break His promise, and will accept his repentance.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forالْمُسِيءُthe one who does wrongالْمُصِرُّthe persistentlyعَلَىonالْكَبَائِرِthe major sinsوَالظُّلْمِand injusticeوَالْمُخَالَفَاتِand violationsفَإِنَّfor surelyوَحْشَةًalienation
And as for the one who does wrong, who is persistently on the major sins, injustice, and violations, there is indeed alienation.
فَSoسُبْحَانَهُthe Exaltedقَالَsaid
So the Exalted said.
فَSoلَاdoes notيَمْنَعُpreventوَفِيAnd inزَZوَلَاand notيَمْنَعُpreventوَكِلَاهُمَاboth of themخَطَأًare incorrect
So it does not prevent, and in Z, it does not prevent, and both of them are incorrect.
فَمَنSo whoeverأَخْرَجَهُnarratedأَحْمَدُAhmadوَandابْنُIbnالْمُبَارَكِAl-Mubarakفِيinالزُّهْدِthe asceticismوَابْنُand IbnحِبَّانَHibbanوَandالْحَاكِمِthe rulerوَغَيْرُهُمْand othersمِنَfromطَرِيقِthe pathحَيَّانَHayyanأَبِيAbuالنَّضْرِal-Nadrالشَّامِيِّthe SyrianعَنْfromوَاثِلَةَWathilahفَذَكَرَهُso he mentioned it.وَفِيهِAnd in itقِصَّةٌis a story
So whoever narrated Ahmad and Ibn Al-Mubarak in the asceticism and Ibn Hibban and the ruler and others from the path of Hayyan Abu al-Nadr the Syrian from Wathilah, so he mentioned it. And in it, there is a story.
وَالْحَدِيثُAnd the hadithصَحَّحَهُwas authenticatedابْنُby IbnحِبَّانَHibbanوَقَالَand he saidالْحَاكِمُthe rulerهَذَاthisحَدِيثٌnarrationصَحِيحٌis authenticالْإِسْنَادُthe chainوَلَمْand he did notيُخْرِجَاهُnarrate it.وَقَالَAnd saidالذَّهَبِيُّAl-Dhahabiصَحِيحٌis authenticعَلَىtoشَرْطِthe conditionsمُسْلِمٍof Muslim
And the hadith was authenticated by Ibn Hibban, and the ruler said: 'This narration is authentic in its chain, and they did not narrate it.' And said Al-Dhahabi: 'It is authentic according to the conditions of Muslim.'
فَSoأَنَاI amفَاعِلَهُits doerبِهwith it.وَسَقَطَand it was omittedبِهwith itمِنْfrom
So I am its doer with it. And it was omitted.
فَSoأَنَّthatيُجَازِيهُHe will reward him
So He will reward him.