أَحَدُهُمOne of themأَنْtoيُفضِّلَpreferالْآخَرَthe otherعَلَيْهِover himكَحَسَدٍlike the jealousyإِخْوَةِof the brothersيُوسُفَJosephوَكَحَسَدٍand like the jealousyأَبْنِيِof the sonsآدَمَof Adamأَحَدُهُمَاone of themلِأَخِيهِto his brother.
One of them to prefer the other over him is like the jealousy of the brothers of Joseph and like the jealousy of the sons of Adam, one of whom is to his brother.
فَإِنَّهُIndeed, heحَسَدَهُwas jealous of himلِكَوْنِهِbecauseأَنْthatاللَّهَAllahتَقَبَّلَacceptedقُرْبَانَهُhis offeringوَلَمand did notيَتَقَبَّلْacceptقُرْبَانَthe offeringهَذَاof this.
Indeed, he was jealous of him because Allah accepted his offering and did not accept the offering of this one.
فَحَسَدَهُSo he was jealous of himعَلَىbecause ofمَاwhatفَضَّلَهُhe was preferredاللَّهُby Allahمِنَfromالإِيمَانِfaithوَالْتَّقْوَىand piety.
So he was jealous of him because of what Allah preferred him from faith and piety.
كَمَاLike the jealousyالْيَهُودِof the Jewsلِلْمُسْلِمِينَagainst the Muslims.
Like the jealousy of the Jews against the Muslims.
وَقَتَلَهُAnd he killed himعَلَىbecause ofذَلِكَthat.
And he killed him because of that.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonقِيلَit was saidأَوَّلَthe firstذَنْبٍsinعَصَىdisobeyedاللَّهَAllahبِهِby itثَلاثَةٍthreeالْحِرْصَgreedوَالْكِبْرَand arroganceوَالْحَسَدَand jealousy.
And for this reason, it was said that the first sin by which Allah was disobeyed was three: greed, arrogance, and jealousy.
فَالْحِرْصُFor greedمِنْis fromآدَمَAdamوَالْكِبْرُand arroganceمِنْis fromإِبْلِيسَIblis.وَالْحَسَدُand jealousyمِنْis fromقَابِيلَQabil.
For greed is from Adam, and arrogance is from Iblis, and jealousy is from Qabil.
حَيْثُWhereقَتَلَhe killedهَابِيلَHabil.
Where he killed Habil.
وَفِيAnd inالْحَدِيثِthe hadithثَلاثَةٍthere are threeلَاthat do notيَنْجُوescapeمِنْهُنَّfrom them.أَحَدٌAnyoneالْحَسَدُthe jealousyوَالظَّنُّand suspicionوَالطِّيَرَةُand bad omens.
And in the hadith, there are three that do not escape from them: jealousy, suspicion, and bad omens.
وَسَأُحَدِّثُكُمAnd I will tell youبِمَاabout whatيَخْرُجُcomes outمِنْfromذَلِكَthat.
And I will tell you about what comes out of that.
إِذَاWhenحَسَدْتَyou are jealousفَلَاdo notتُبْغِضْhate.
When you are jealous, do not hate.
وَإِذَاAnd ifظَنَنْتَyou suspectفَلَاdo notتَحَقَّقْverify.
And if you suspect, do not verify.
وَإِذَاAnd ifتَطَيَّرْتَyou took bad omensفَامْضِthen proceed.
And if you took bad omens, then proceed.
رَوَاهُThis was narratedابْنُby IbnأَبِيAbuالدُّنْيَاDunyaمِنْfromحَدِيثٍthe hadithأَبِيof AbuهُرَيْرَةَHuraira.
This was narrated by Ibn Abu Dunya from the hadith of Abu Huraira.
وَفِيAnd inالسُّنَنِthe Sunanعَنْofالنَّبِيِّthe Prophet(صلى(peaceاللَّهُbe upon Allahعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَ)and peace).دَاءٌThe diseaseإِلَيْكُمْhas come to youدَاءُthe diseaseالْأُمَمِof the nationsقَبْلَكُمْbefore you: الْحَسَدُjealousyوَالْبَغْضَاءِand hatred.
And in the Sunan of the Prophet (peace be upon him), it was said: 'The disease of the nations before you has come to you: jealousy and hatred.'
وَهِيَAnd it isالْحَالِقَةُthe razor.لَاI do notأَقُولُsayتَحْلِقُit shavesالشَّعْرَthe hair.وَلَكِنَBut I sayتَحْلِقُit shavesالْدِّينَthe religion.
And it is the razor. I do not say that it shaves the hair, but I say that it shaves the religion.
فَسَمَّاهُSo it was namedدَاءًa diseaseكَمَاasسَمَّىhe namedالْبُخْلَthe stinginessدَاءًa diseaseفِيinقَوْلِهِhis saying.
So it was named a disease as he named stinginess a disease in his saying.
وَأَيُّAnd whatدَاءٍdiseaseأَدْوَأَis more harmfulمِنَthanالْبُخْلِstinginess.
And what disease is more harmful than stinginess?
فَاعْلَمُواSo knowأَنَّthatهَذَاthisمَرَضٌis a disease.وَقَدْAnd it hasجَاءَcomeفِيinحَدِيثٍa hadithآخَرٍanother.
So know that this is a disease. And it has come in another hadith.
أَعُوذُI seek refugeبِكَwith Youمِنْfromمُنْكَرَاتِthe evilsالْخُلُقَاتِof characteristicsوَالْأَهْوَاءِand whimsوَالْأَدْوَاءِand diseases.
I seek refuge with You from the evils of characteristics, whims, and diseases.
فَعَطَفَSo he linkedالْأَدْوَاءِthe diseasesعَلَىtoالْأَخْلَاقِthe characterوَالْأَهْوَاءِand whims.
So he linked the diseases to the character and whims.
فَإِنَّBecauseالْخُلْقَcharacterمَاis whatصَارَbecameعَادَةًa habitلِلنَّفْسِfor the self.وَسَجِيَّةًand disposition.
Because character is what became a habit for the self and disposition.
قَالَHe saidتَعَالَىexaltedالْقَلَمَthe penوَإِنَّكَAnd indeed, youلَعَلَىare uponخُلُقٍcharacterعَظِيمٍgreat.
He said: 'And indeed, you are upon great character.'
قَالَHe saidابْنُIbnعَبَّاسٍAbbasوandابْنُIbnعُيَيْنَةَUyaynahوandأَحْمَدُAhmadابْنُIbnحَنْبَلٍHanbalرَضِيَmay Allah be pleasedاللَّهُwith Allahعَنْهُمwith them.
Ibn Abbas, Ibn Uyaynah, and Ahmad Ibn Hanbal may Allah be pleased with them.
عَلَىonدِينٍthe religionعَظِيمٍgreat.
On the great religion.
وَفِيAnd inلَفْظٍwordعَنْfromابْنِIbnعَبَّاسٍAbbasعَلَىonدِينٍthe religionالإِسْلَامِof Islam.
And in another word from Ibn Abbas, it is on the religion of Islam.
وَكَذَلِكَAnd likewiseقَالَتْAishaرَضِيَmay Allah be pleasedاللَّهُwith Allahعَنْهَاwith her.
And likewise, Aisha may Allah be pleased with her said.
كَانَHe wasخُلُقُهُhis characterالْقُرْآنَQuran.
His character was the Quran.
وَكَذَلِكَAnd likewiseقَالَAl-HassanالْبَصْرِيُّAl-BasriآدَابَThe etiquetteالْقُرْآنِof the Quranهُوَisالْخُلُقُthe characterالْعَظِيمُgreat.
And likewise, Al-Hassan Al-Basri said: 'The etiquette of the Quran is the great character.'
وَأَمَّاAnd as forالْهَوَىthe whimsفَقَدْit mayيَكُونَbeعَارِضًاtemporary.
And as for whims, it may be temporary.
وَالْدَّاءُAnd the diseaseهُوَisالْمَرَضُthe illness.وَهُوَAnd it isتَأَلُّمُthe painالْقَلْبِof the heart.وَالْفَسَادُand the corruptionفِيهِin it.
And the disease is the illness. And it is the pain of the heart and the corruption in it.
وَقَرَنَAnd he relatedفِيinالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالأوَّلِthe firstالْحَسَدَthe jealousyبِالْبَغْضَاءِwith the hatred.
And he related in the first hadith the jealousy with the hatred.
لِأَنَّBecauseالْحَاسِدَthe jealousيَكْرَهُhatesأَوَّلًاfirstفَضْلَthe graceاللَّهِof Allahعَلَىonذَلِكَthat
Because the jealous first hates the grace of Allah upon that.
الْغَيْرَthe other.ثُمَّThenيَنْتَقِلُtransfersإِلَىtoبُغْضِهِhatred.
Then he transfers to hatred.
فَإِنَّBecauseبُغْضَthe hatred of the necessaryاللَّازِمِthe requiredيَقْتَضِيrequiresبُغْضَthe hatred ofالْمَلْزُومِthe accompanying.
Because the hatred of the necessary requires the hatred of the accompanying.
فَإِنَّBecauseنِعْمَةَthe blessingاللَّهِof Allahإِذَاifكَانَتْisلَازِمَةًnecessaryوَهُوَand itيُحِبُّlovesزَوَالَهَاto remove it.
Because the blessing of Allah, if it is necessary and he loves to remove it.
وَهِيَAnd it isلَاnotتَزُولُwill ceaseإِلَّاexceptبِزَوَالِهَاby its removal.
And it will not cease except by its removal.
أَبْغَضَهَاHe hates itوَأَحَبَّand lovesعَدَمَهَاits absence.
He hates it and loves its absence.
وَالْحَسَدُAnd jealousyيُوجِبُcausesالْبَغْيَaggression.
And jealousy causes aggression.
كَمَاAsأَخْبَرَAllah informedتَعَالَىExaltedعَمَّنْfrom whomقَبْلَنَاbefore us.آلُThe familyعِمْرَانَof Imranأَنَّهُمْthat theyاخْتَلَفُواdifferedمِنْafterبَعْدَwhatجَاءَهُمُcame to themالْعِلْمُthe knowledgeبِغَيٍّby transgressionبَيْنَهُمamong them.
As Allah informed us about those before us, the family of Imran, that they differed after the knowledge that came to them by transgression among them.
فَلَمْSo they did notيَكُنْhave aاخْتِلَافُهُمْtheir differenceلِعَدَمِdue to absenceالْعِلْمِof knowledge.
So their difference was not due to the absence of knowledge.
بَلْRatherعَلِمُواthey knewالْحَقَّthe truth.وَلَكِنْButبَغَىsome of them transgressedبَعْضَهُمْagainst one another.
Rather, they knew the truth, but some of them transgressed against one another.
كَمَاAsيَبْغِيthe jealous one transgressesالْحَاسِدُagainst the envied.
As the jealous one transgresses against the envied.
وَفِيAnd inالصَّحِيحَيْنِthe two SahihsعَنْfromأَنَسِAnasابْنِIbnمَالِكٍMalikرَضِيَmay Allah be pleasedاللَّهُwith Allahعَنْهُwith him.
And in the two Sahihs from Anas Ibn Malik may Allah be pleased with him.
أَنْthatالنَّبِيَّthe Prophet(صلى(peaceاللَّهُbe upon Allahعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَ)and peace)قَالَsaidلَاdo notتَحَاسَدُواenvy one another.وَلَاAnd do notتَبَاغَضُواhate one another.
And in the two Sahihs from Anas Ibn Malik may Allah be pleased with him that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'Do not envy one another, and do not hate one another.'
وَلَاAnd do notتَدَابَرُواturn your backsوَلَاand do notتَقَاطَعُواcut off (relations).
And do not turn your backs, and do not cut off (relations).
وَكُونُواAnd beعِبَادَservantsاللَّهِof Allahإِخْوَانًاbrothers.
And be servants of Allah, brothers.
وَلَاAnd do notيَحِلُّit is permissibleلِمُسْلِمٍfor a Muslimأَنْtoيَهْجُرَforsakeأَخَاهُhis brotherفَوْقَfor overثَلاثِthreeلَيَالٍnights.
And it is not permissible for a Muslim to forsake his brother for over three nights.
يَلْتَقِيَانِwhen they meet.فَيَصْدُّOne of them turns awayهَذَاthis oneوَيَصْدُّand this one turn away.هَذَاThis oneوَخَيْرُهُمَاand the better of themالَّذِيis the oneيَبْدَأُwho beginsبِالسَّلَامِwith the salam.
When they meet, one of them turns away, and this one turns away. And the better of them is the one who begins with the salam.
وَقَدْAnd indeedقَالَhe said(صلى(peaceاللَّهُbe upon Allahعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَ)and peace)
And indeed, he said (peace be upon Allah be upon him)...
فِيInالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالْمُتَّفِقِagreedعَلَىonصِحَّتِهِits authenticityمِنْfromرِوَايَةِthe narrationأَنَسٍof Anas.
In the hadith agreed on its authenticity from the narration of Anas.
أَيْضًاalsoوَالَّذِيand the oneنَفْسِيmy soulبِيَدِهِin His Handلَاnoيُؤْمِنُbelievesأَحَدُكُمone of youحَتَّىuntilيُحِبَّhe lovesلِأَخِيهِfor his brotherمَاwhatيُحِبُّhe lovesلِنَفْسِهِfor himself.
Also, the one who my soul is in His Hand, no one of you believes until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.
وَقَدْAnd indeedقَالَHe saidتَعَالَىExaltedوَandقَالَHe saidالتَّعَالَىthe exalted
And indeed, He said Exalted and He said the exalted.