مُنهىforbiddenعَنْهَاfrom itوَإِلَّاand unlessكَانَit wasحَسَبaccording toصَاحِبِهِhis companionرَفَعَliftingالإِثْمَthe sinعَنْهُfrom himمِنْfromجِهَةِthe directionالْحُزْنِof sadness
It is forbidden, unless it was according to his companion who lifted the sin from him regarding the sadness.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forإِنْifأَفْضَىit ledإِلَىtoضُعْفِweaknessالْقَلْبِof the heartوَاشْتِغَالِهِand its preoccupationبِهِwith itعَنْfromفَعَلِdoingمَاwhatأَمَرَcommandedاللَّهُAllahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messengerبِهِwith itكَانَit wasمَذْمُومًاblameworthyعَلَيْهِagainst himمِنْfromتِلْكَthatالْجِهَةِdirection
And as for if it led to the weakness of the heart and its preoccupation with it from doing what Allah and His Messenger commanded with it, it was blameworthy against him from that direction.
وَإِنْAnd ifكَانَit wasمَحْمُودًاpraiseworthyمِنْfromجِهَةٍthe directionأُخْرَىanother
And if it was praiseworthy from another direction.
وَأَمَّاAs forالْمَحَبَّةِloveلِلَّهِfor Allahوَالتَّوَكُّلِand relianceوَالإِخْلَاصِand sincerityلَهُto Himوَنَحْوَand similarذَلِكَto thatفَهَذِهِthis isكُلُّهَاallخَيْرٌgoodمَحْضٌpureوَهِيَand it isحَسَنَةٌa good deedمَحْبُوبَةٌbelovedفِيinحَقِّthe rightsكُلِّof allالنَّبِيِّينَthe Prophetsوَالصِّدِّيقِينَand the truthfulوَالشُّهَدَاءِand the martyrsوَالصَّالِحِينَand the righteous.
As for love for Allah, reliance, and sincerity toward Him, and similar, this is all pure good, and it is a beloved good deed in the rights of all Prophets, truthful ones, martyrs, and righteous people.
وَمَنْAnd whoeverقَالَsaidإِنَّthatهَذِهِtheseالْمَقَامَاتِstationsتَكُونُbeلِلْعَامَّةِfor the common peopleدُونَwithoutالْخَاصَّةِthe special onesفَقَدْhasغَلَطَerredفِيinذَلِكَthatإِنْifأَرَادَhe meantخُرُوجَthe exitالْخَاصَّةِthe special onesعَنْهَاfrom itفَإِنَّfor indeedهَذِهِtheseلَاdo notيَخْرُجُexitعَنْهَاfrom itمُؤْمِنٌa believerقَطُّat all.
And whoever said that these stations be for the common people without the special ones has erred in that if he meant the exit of the special ones from it, for indeed, no believer ever exits from it.
وَإِنَّمَاBut ratherيَخْرُجُexitعَنْهَاfrom itكَافِرٌa disbelieverوَمُنَافِقٌand a hypocrite.
But rather, it is only a disbeliever and a hypocrite who exits from it.
وَقَدْAnd indeedتَكَلَّمَsome have spokenبَعْضُهُمْsome of themبِكَلَامٍwith wordsبَيْنًاwhich were clearغَلَطَهُhis error in themفِيwas in itوَأَنَّهُand that it wasتَقْصِيرٌa shortcomingفِيinتَحْقِيقِrealizingهَذِهَاthisالْمَقَامَاتِstationsمِنَfromمُدَّةٍa periodوَلَيْسَand this is notهَذَاthisمَوْضِعَهُits place.
And indeed, some have spoken with words which were clear, his error in them was that it was a shortcoming in realizing these stations for a period, and this is not its place.
وَلَكِنَّButهَذِهِtheseالْمَقَامَاتُstationsيَنْقَسِمُare dividedالنَّاسُpeopleفِيهاin themإِلَىintoخُصُوصٍspecialوَعُمُومٍand general.
But these stations are divided among the people into special and general.
فَلِلْخَاصَّةِFor the special onesخَاصُّهَاits specialوَلِلْعَامَّةِand for the common peopleعَامُّهَاits general.
For the special ones, its special, and for the common people, its general.
مَثَالٌAn exampleذَلِكَof thatأَنَّis thatهَؤُلَاءِtheseقَالُواthey saidإِنَّthatالتَّوَكُّلَrelianceمُنَاضَلَةٌis a struggleعَنِforالنَّفْسِthe selfفِيinطَلَبِseekingالقُوتِprovisions.وَالْخَاصُّAnd the special oneلَاdoes notيُنَاضِلُstruggleعَنِforنَفْسِهِhis self.
An example of that is that these said that reliance is a struggle for the self in seeking provisions, while the special one does not struggle for his self.
وَقَالُواAnd they saidالمُتَوَكِّلُthe one who reliesيَطْلُبُseeksبِتَوَكُّلِهِwith his relianceأَمْرًاa matterمِنْofالأُمُورِthe affairs.وَالْعارِفُAnd the knowerيَشْهَدُwitnessesالأُمُورَthe affairsبِفَرَاغِهِwith their easeمِنْهَاof themفَلَاso he does notيَطْلُبُseekشَيْئًاanything.
And they said the one who relies seeks a matter of the affairs, while the knower witnesses the affairs with their ease from them, so he does not seek anything.
فَيُقَالُIt is saidأَمَّاas forالأَوَّلُthe firstفَإِنَّfor indeedالتَّوَكُّلُrelianceأَعْمُقُis broaderمِنَthanالتَّوَكُّلِrelianceفِيinمَصَالِحِthe interestsالدُّنْيَاof this world.فَإِنَّfor indeedالمُتَوَكِّلُthe one who reliesيَتَوَكَّلُreliesعَلَىonاللَّهِAllahفِيinصَلَاحِthe righteousnessقَلْبِهِof his heartوَدِينِهِand his religion.وَحِفْظِand the preservationلِسَانِهِof his tongueوَإِرَادَتِهِand his will.وَهَذَاand thisأَهَمُّis the most importantالأُمُورُmattersإِلَيْهِto him.
It is said as for the first, for indeed, reliance is broader than reliance in the interests of this world. For indeed, the one who relies relies on Allah in the righteousness of his heart and his religion, and the preservation of his tongue and his will. And this is the most important of matters to him.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for thisيُنَاجِيhe conversesرَبَّهُwith his Lordفِيinكُلِّeveryصَلَاةٍprayerبِقَوْلِهِby sayingإِيَّاكَYou aloneنَعْبُدُwe worshipوَإِيَّاكَand You aloneنَسْتَعِينُwe seek help.كَمَاAs inفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingهودHudفَاعْبُدْهُso worship Himوَتَوَكَّلْand relyعَلَيْهِon Him.وَقَوْلِهِAnd His sayingهودHudوَالشُّورَىand Ash-Shuraعَلَيْهِon HimتَوَكَّلْتُI relyوَإِلَيْهِand to HimأُنِيبُI turn.
And for this, he converses with his Lord in every prayer by saying, 'You alone we worship, and You alone we seek help,' as in His saying, 'Hud, so worship Him and rely on Him,' and His saying, 'Hud and Ash-Shura, on Him I rely and to Him I turn.'
فَهُوَHeقَدْindeedجَمَعَcombinedبَيْنَbetweenالْعَبَادَةِworshipوَالتَّوَكُّلِand relianceفِيinعِدَّةٍmanyمَوَاضِعٍplaces.
He has indeed combined between worship and reliance in many places.
لِأَنَّBecauseهَذَيْنِthese twoيَجْمَعَانِcombineالدِّينَthe religionكُلَّهُall.
Because these two combine all of the religion.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for thisقَالَit is saidمَنْbyقَالَthose who saidمِنَfromالسَّلَفِthe predecessorsإِنَّthatاللَّهَAllahجَمَعَcombinedالْكُتُبَthe booksالْمُنَزَّلَةَrevealedفِيinالْقُرْآنِthe Quran.وَجَمَعَAnd He combinedعِلْمَthe knowledgeالْقُرْآنِof the Quranفِيinالْمُفَصَّلِthe detailed.وَجَمَعَAnd He combinedعِلْمَthe knowledgeالْمُفَصَّلِof the detailedفِيinفَاتِحَةِthe openingالْكِتَابِof the book.وَجَمَعَAnd He combinedعِلْمَthe knowledgeفَاتِحَةِof the openingالْكِتَابِof the bookفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingإِيَّاكَYou aloneنَعْبُدُwe worshipوَإِيَّاكَand You aloneنَسْتَعِينُwe seek help.
And for this, it is said by those who said among the predecessors that Allah combined the revealed books in the Quran, and He combined the knowledge of the Quran in the detailed, and He combined the knowledge of the detailed in the opening of the book, and He combined the knowledge of the opening of the book in His saying, 'You alone we worship and You alone we seek help.'
وَهَاتَانِAnd these twoالكَلِمَتَانِwordsالْجَامِعَتَانِthat encompassاللَّتَانِthe twoلِلرَّبِّfor the Lordوَالْعَبْدِand the servant.كَمَاAs inفِيinالْحَدِيثِthe hadithالصَّحِيحِthe authenticالَّذِيwhichفِيinصَحِيحِthe authenticمُسْلِمٍMuslim.عَنْfromأَبِيAbuهُرَيْرَةَHurairaعَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe Prophetصَلَّىpeaceاللَّهُof Allahعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَand peace.أَنَّهُthat heقَالَsaidيَقُولُHe saysاللَّهُAllahسُبْحَانَهُGlorified is HeقَسَمْتُI have dividedالصَّلَاةَthe prayerبَيْنِيbetweenوَبَيْنَand betweenعَبْدِيMy servantنِصْفَيْنِinto two halves
And these two encompassing words for the Lord and the servant are as in the authentic hadith found in Sahih Muslim from Abu Huraira that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'Allah says: I have divided the prayer between Me and My servant into two halves...'
نِصْفُهَاhalf of it belongs to Meلِيto Meوَنِصْفُهَاand half of itلِعَبْدِيto My servant.وَلِعَبْدِيAnd to My servantمَاwhatسَأَلَhe asked.
Half of it belongs to Me and half of it to My servant, and to My servant is what he asks.
قَالَHe saidرَسُولُ اللَّهِthe Messenger of Allahصَلَّىpeaceاللَّهُof Allahعَلَيْهِupon himوَسَلَّمَand peace.يَقُولُHe saysالْعَبْدُthe servantالْحَمْدُpraiseلِلَّهِfor Allahرَبِّthe Lordالْعَالَمِينَof all worlds.يَقُولُHe saysاللَّهُAllahحَمَدَنِيhas praised Me.عَبْدِيMy servant.يَقُولُHe saysالْعَبْدُthe servantالرَّحْمَانُthe Most Gracious.الرَّحِيمُthe Most Merciful.يَقُولُHe saysاللَّهُAllahأَثْنَىhas praisedعَلَىuponعَبْدِيMy servant.يَقُولُHe saysالْعَبْدُthe servantمَالِكُMasterيَوْمِof the Dayالدِّينِof Judgment.
He said, the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) says: 'The servant says: Praise be to Allah, Lord of all worlds.' Allah says: 'My servant has praised Me.' The servant says: 'The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.' Allah says: 'My servant has praised Me.' The servant says: 'Master of the Day of Judgment.'
يَقُولُHe saysاللَّهُAllahمَجَّدَنِيhas glorified Me.عَبْدِيMy servant.يَقُولُHe saysالْعَبْدُthe servantإِيَّاكَYou aloneنَعْبُدُwe worshipوَإِيَّاكَand You aloneنَسْتَعِينُwe seek help.يَقُولُHe saysاللَّهُAllahفَهَذِهِso thisالْآيَةُverseبَيْنِيbetween Meوَبَيْنَand betweenعَبْدِيMy servantوَلِعَبْدِيand to My servantمَاwhatسَأَلَhe asked.
He says: Allah has glorified Me. My servant says: 'You alone we worship and You alone we seek help.' Allah says: 'So this verse is between Me and My servant, and to My servant is what he asks.'
يَقُولُHe saysالْعَبْدُthe servantاهْدِنَاGuide usالصِّرَاطَthe pathالْمُسْتَقِيمَthe straight.صِرَاطَThe pathالَّذِينَof those whoأَنْعَمْتَYou have bestowed favors upon themعَلَيْهِمupon them.غَيْرُNotالْمَغْضُوبِthe ones upon whom wrath isعَلَيْهِمupon themوَلَاand notالضَّالِّينَthe misguided.يَقُولُAllah saysفَهَؤُلَاءِSo theseلِعَبْدِيare for My servantوَلِعَبْدِيand to My servantمَاwhatسَأَلَhe asked.
He says: 'Guide us to the straight path, the path of those upon whom You have bestowed favors, not of those upon whom wrath is, and not of the misguided.' Allah says: 'So these are for My servant, and to My servant is what he asks.'
يَقُولُHe saysاللَّهُAllahفَهَذِهِSo thisالْآيَةُverseبَيْنِيis between Meوَبَيْنَand betweenعَبْدِيMy servant.
Allah says: 'So this verse is between Me and My servant.'