لَاDo notتسْأَلaskالْإِمَارَةthe authorityفَإِنَّكَfor youإِنifأَعْطَيْتَهَاyou give itعَنْaboutمَسْأَلَةa questionوَكَلَتْand entrustedإِلَيْهَاto itوَإِنand ifأَعْطَيْتَهَاyou give itمِنْwithoutغَيْرِanyمَسْأَلَةquestionأَعَنْتَyou assistedعَلَيْهَاin it
Do not ask the authority, for if you give it about a question, you have entrusted it, and if you give it without a question, you have assisted it.
وَإِذَاAnd ifحَلَفْتَyou swearعَلَىbyيَمِينٍan oathفَرَأَيْتَand you seeغَيْرَهَاother than itخَيْرًاbetterمِنْهَاthan itفَأْتِthen comeالَّذِيthat whichهُوَisخَيْرٌbetterوَاكْفُرْand breakعَنْfromيَمِينِكَyour oath
And if you swear an oath and see something better than it, then come to that which is better and break your oath.
وَثَبَتَAnd it is establishedعَنْهُfrom himفِيinالصَّحِيحَيْنِthe two authenticأَنَّهُthat he saidقَالَsaidفِيaboutالطَّاعُونِthe plagueإِذَاIfسَمِعْتُمْyou hearبِهِabout itبِأَرْضٍin a landفَلَاthen do notتَقْدَمُواadvanceعَلَيْهِto itوَإِذَاAnd ifوَقَعَit occursبِأَرْضٍin a landوَأَنْتُمْand youبِهَاin itفَلَاthen do notتَخْرُجُواexitمِنْهَاfrom it
And it is established from him in the two authentic books that he said about the plague: If you hear about it in a land, then do not advance to it; and if it occurs in a land while you are in it, then do not exit from it.
وَثَبَتَAnd it is establishedفِيinالصَّحِيحَيْنِthe two authenticأَنَّهُthat he saidقَالَsaidلَاDo notتَتَمَنَّوْاwishلِقَاءِto meetالْعَدُوِّthe enemyوَbutاسْأَلُواaskاللَّهَAllahالْعَافِيَةَsafetyوَلَكِنَbutإِذَاifلَقِيتُمُوهُمْyou encounter themفَاصْبِرُواthen be patientوَاعْلَمُواand knowأَنَّthatالْجَنَّةَparadiseتَحْتَis underظِلَالِthe shadowsالسُّيُوفِof swords
And it is established in the two authentic books that he said: Do not wish to meet the enemy, but ask Allah for safety; but if you encounter them, then be patient and know that paradise is under the shadows of swords.
وَأَمْثَالُAnd similarذَلِكَthatمِمَّاfrom whatيَقْتَضِيnecessitatesأَنَّthatالإِنْسَانَthe humanلَاshould notيَنْبَغِيbe obligatoryلَهُfor himأَنْtoيَسْعَىstriveفِيمَاin whatيُوجِبُobligatesعَلَيْهِupon himأَشْيَاءَthingsفَيَبْخَلَand be miserlyبِالْوَفَاءِwith fulfillingكَمَاasيَفْعَلُdoesكَثِيرٌmanyمِمَّنْof those whoيُعَاهِدُswore allegianceاللَّهَAllahعُهُودًاcovenantsعَلَىonأُمُورٍmattersوَغَالِبَand mostهَؤُلَاءِof theseيُبْتَلَوْنَare testedبِنَقْضِby breakingالْعُهُودِthe covenants
And similar cases necessitate that a person should not strive in what obligates him to be miserly with fulfilling, as many of those who make oaths to Allah regarding matters do; and most of these are tested by breaking their covenants.
وَيَنْبَغِيAnd it is necessaryأَنْthatالإِنْسَانَthe personإِذَاifاِبْتُلِيَafflictedفَعَلَيْهِthen upon himأَنْtoيَصْبِرَbe patientوَيَثْبُتَand remain steadfastوَلَاand do notيَكِلَّbe wearyحَتَّىuntilيَكُونَhe becomesمِنَofالرِّجَالِthe menالْمُوفِينَwho fulfillالْقَائِمِينَthe standingبِالْوَاجِبَاتِby obligations
And it is necessary for the person, when he is afflicted, to be patient and remain steadfast, and not to be weary until he becomes one of the men who fulfill their obligations.
وَلَاAnd there is noبُدٌّdoubtفِيinجَمِيعِallذَلِكَthatمِنَofالصَّبْرِpatienceوَلِهَذَاand for thisكَانَwasالصَّبْرُpatienceوَاجِبًاmandatoryبِاتِّفَاقِby the consensusالْمُسْلِمِينَof Muslimsعَلَىonأَدَاءِperformingالْوَاجِبَاتِthe obligationsوَتَرْكِand leavingالْمَحْظُورَاتِthe prohibited things
And there is no doubt in all of that, for patience was made mandatory by the consensus of Muslims on performing obligations and avoiding the prohibited.
وَيَدْخُلُAnd it includesفِيinذَلِكَthatالصَّبْرِpatienceعَلَىonالْمَصَائِبِthe calamitiesعَنْaboutأَنْtoيَخْرُجَexitوَandالصَّبْرُpatienceعَنْaboutابْتِغَاءِseekingأَهْوَاءِthe desiresالنَّفْسِof the soulفِيمَاin whatنَهَىprohibitedاللَّهُAllahعَنْهُabout it
And it includes patience on calamities by not exiting, and patience about seeking the desires of the self in what Allah prohibited.
وَقَدْAnd indeedذَكَرَmentionedاللَّهُAllahالصَّبْرَpatienceفِيinكِتَابِهِHis bookفِيinأَكْثَرِmore thanمِنْninetyمَوْضِعًاplacesوَاقَرَنَand correlatedبِالصَّلَاةِwith prayerفِيinقَوْلِهِHis wordsالْبَقَرَةِAl-Baqarah
And indeed, Allah mentioned patience in His book in more than ninety places and correlated it with prayer in His statement from Al-Baqarah.
اسْتَعِينُواSeek helpبِالصَّبْرِwith patienceوَالصَّلَاةِand prayerوَإِنَّهَاAnd indeed itلَكَبِيرَةٌis difficultإِلَّاexceptعَلَىforالْخَاشِعِينَthe humble
Seek help with patience and prayer, and indeed it is difficult except for the humble.
الْبَقَرَةُAl-BaqarahاسْتَعِينُواSeek helpبِالصَّبْرِwith patienceوَالصَّلَاةِand prayerإِنَّSurelyاللَّهَAllahمَعَis withالصَّابِرِينَthe patient
Indeed, Allah is with the patient.
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His wordsهُودٌHudوَأَقِمِAnd establishالصَّلَاةَthe prayerطَرَفَيِat the two endsالنَّهَارِof the dayوَزُلْفًاand in the earlyمِنَpart ofاللَّيْلِthe nightإِلَىtoقَوْلِهِHis statementوَاصْبِرْand be patientفَإِنَّfor indeedاللَّهَAllahلَا يَضِيعُdoes not wasteأَجْرَthe rewardالْمُحْسِنِينَof the doers of good
And His words: 'And establish prayer at the two ends of the day and at the dawn.' And be patient, for indeed Allah does not waste the reward of the doers of good.
طَهTa-HaفَاصْبِرْSo be patientعَلَىagainstمَاwhatيَقُولُونَthey sayوَسَبِّحْAnd glorifyبِحَمْدِwith the praiseرَبِّكَof your Lordقَبْلَbeforeطُلُوعِthe risingالشَّمْسِof the sunوَقَبْلَand beforeغُرُوبِهَاits setting
So be patient regarding what they say and glorify with the praise of your Lord before the rising of the sun and before its setting.
غَافِرٌGhafirفَاصْبِرْSo be patientإِنَّIndeedوَعْدَthe promiseاللَّهِof Allahحَقٌّis trueوَاسْتَغْفِرْand seek forgivenessلِذَنْبِكَfor your sin
Indeed, the promise of Allah is true, and seek forgiveness for your sin.
الْآيَةُThe verseوَجَعَلَAnd He madeالإِمَامَةَImamateفِيinالدِّينِthe religionمُرَاثَةًinheritedعَنْfromالصَّبْرِpatienceوَالْيَقِينِand certaintyبِقَوْلِهِby His sayingالسَّجْدَةِAs-Sajdah
And He made Imamate in the religion inherited from patience and certainty.
وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْAnd We made themأَئِمَّةًleadersيَهْدُونَguidingبِأَمْرِنَاby Our commandلَمَّاfor whenصَبَرُواthey were patientوَكَانُواand they wereبِآيَاتِنَاby Our signsيُوقِنُونَcertain
And We made them leaders guiding by Our command for when they were patient and had certainty in Our signs.
فَإِنَّFor indeedالدِّينَthe religionكُلَّهُallعِلْمٌknowledgeبِالْحَقِّof the truthوَعَمَلٌand actionبِهِby it
For indeed, all of the religion is knowledge of the truth and action by it.
فَالْعَمَلُSo the actionبِهِby itلَاnotبُدٌّdoubtفِيهِin itمِنَfromالصَّبْرِpatienceبَلْbutوَطَلَبُthe seekingعِلْمِهِof its knowledgeيَحْتَاجُneedsإِلَىtoالصَّبْرِpatience
So the action by it is in need of patience, and the seeking of its knowledge needs patience.
كَمَاAsقَالَit was saidمُعَاذٌby Muadhابْنُson ofجَبَلٍJabalعَلَيْكُمYou shouldبِالْعِلْمِwith knowledgeفَإِنَّfor indeedطَلَبَهُseeking itلِلَّهِfor Allahعِبَادَةٌis worshipوَمَعْرِفَتُهُand knowing itخَشْيَةٌis fearوَالْبَحْثُand the seekingعَنْهُof itجِهَادٌis strivingوَتَعْلِيمُهُand teaching itلِمَنْto whomلَاdoes notيُعَلِّمْهُteach himصَدَقَةٌis charityوَمُذَاكَرَتُهُand discussing itتَسْبِيحٌis glorification
As it was said by Muadh son of Jabal: You should engage in knowledge, for seeking it for Allah is worship, and knowing it is fear, and seeking it is striving, and teaching it to those who are not taught is charity, and discussing it is glorification.
بِهِby itيُعَرَّفُknowsاللَّهُAllahوَيُعْبَدُand worshipsبِهِby itيُجَلَّglorifiedوَيُوَحَّدُand unifiedيَرْفَعُexaltsاللَّهُAllahبِالْعِلْمِby knowledgeأَقْوَامٌa peopleيَجْعَلُهُمْHe makes themلِلنَّاسِfor the peopleقَادَةًleadersوَأَئِمَّةًand imamsيَهْتَدُونَthey are guidedبِهِمْby themوَيَنْتَهُونَand they guideإِلَىtoرَأْيِهِمْtheir opinions
By it, Allah is known and worshiped, glorified and unified. Allah raises by knowledge a people and makes them leaders and imams for the people, guiding by them and leading to their opinions.
فَجَعَلَSo He madeالْبَحْثَseekingعَنْforالْعِلْمِknowledgeمِنَofالْجِهَادِstrivingوَلَاand there is noبُدٌّdoubtفِيinالْجِهَادِstrivingمِنَofالصَّبْرِpatienceوَلِهَذَاand for thisقَالَHe saidتَعَالَىthe Most HighوَالْعَصْرِAnd by TimeإِنَّIndeedالْإِنْسَانَmanلَفِيis certainlyخُسْرٍin lossإِلَّاexceptالَّذِينَthose whoآمَنُواbelieveوَعَمِلُواand doالصَّالِحَاتِrighteous deedsوَتَوَاصَوْاand encourageبِالْحَقِّto the truthوَتَوَاصَوْاand encourageبِالصَّبْرِto the patienceوَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَىthe Most HighاذْكُرْAnd mentionعِبَادَنَاthe nameإِبْرَاهِيمَof Our servantsوَإِسْحَاقَIbrahim and Ishaqوَيَعْقُوبَand Yaqubأُولِيthe possessors ofالْأَيْدِيstrengthوَالْأَبْصَارِand the sight
So He made seeking knowledge a type of striving, and there is no doubt that striving requires patience; for this, Allah, the Most High, said: 'By Time, indeed, man is in loss, except for those who believe and do righteous deeds and encourage one another to the truth and encourage one another to patience.' And He said, the Most High: 'And mention the name of Our servants, Ibrahim, and Ishaq, and Yaqub, those possessing strength and sight.'