صُهَيْبٌSuhaybلَوْIfلَمْnotيَخْفَfearاللَّهَAllahلَمْnotيَعْصِهِdisobey Himأَيْmeaningهُوَheلَمْnotيَعْصِهِdisobey Himوَلَوْand ifلَمْnotيَخْفَهُfear Himفَإِنَّforإِجْلالَهُhis reverenceوَإِكْرَامَهُand honor for Himلِلَّهِfor Allahيَمْنَعُهُprevents himمِنْfromمَعْصِيَتِهِdisobedience to Him
Suhayb said, if he did not fear Allah, he would not disobey Him, meaning he would not disobey Him even if he did not fear Him, for his reverence and honor for Allah prevents him from disobeying Him.
وَالْرَّاجِيAnd the hopefulالْخَائِفُthe fearfulإِذَاifتَعَلَّقَhis fearخَوْفَهُand hopeوَرَجَاؤُهُhopeبِالتَّعَذُّبِis connected to sufferingبِاحْجَابٍby being veiledالرَّبِّby the Lordعَنْهُfrom Himوَالتَّنَعُّمِand enjoyingبِتَجَلِّيَةِthe manifestation of Him.
And the hopeful fearful, if his fear and hope are connected to suffering due to being veiled by the Lord from Him and enjoying His manifestation.
فَمَعْلُومٌIt's knownأَنَّthatهَذَاthisمِنْis fromتَوَابِعِthe consequencesمَحَبَّتِهِof his love for Him.
It's known that this is one of the consequences of his love for Him.
فَالْمَحَبَّةُFor loveهِيَisأَوْجَبَتْthe reason forمَحَبَّةَthe love ofالتَّجَلِّيthe manifestationوَالْخَوْفِand fearمِنَfromالِاحْتِجَابِbeing veiled.
For love is the reason for the love of manifestation and fear of being veiled.
وَإِنْAnd ifتَعَلَّقَhe is attachedخَوْفَهُto fearوَرَجَاؤُهُand hopeبِالتَّعَذُّبِto sufferingبِمَخْلُوقٍby a creatureوَالتَّنَعُّمِand enjoyingبِهِitفَهَذَاthisإِنَّمَاonlyيَطْلُبُseeksذَٰلِكَthatبِعِبَادَةِthrough worship ofاللَّهِAllahالْمُسْتَلْزِمَةِwhich necessitatesمَحَبَّتِهِHis love for Him.
And if his fear and hope are attached to suffering through a creature and enjoying it, this only seeks that through the worship of Allah which necessitates His love.
وَهِيَAnd it isأَحْلَىsweeterمِنْthanكُلِّallمَحَبَّةٍloves.
And it is sweeter than all loves.
وَلِهَذَاAnd for this reasonيَكُونُthere isاِشْتِغَالٌengagementأَهْلُof the peopleالْجَنَّةِof Paradiseبِذَٰلِكَwith thatأَعْظَمُgreaterمِنْthanكُلِّallشَيْءٍthings.
And for this reason, the engagement of the people of Paradise with that is greater than all things.
كَماAsفِيinالْحَدِيثِthe hadithإِنَّthatأَهْلَthe peopleالْجَنَّةِof Paradiseيُلْهَمُونَare inspiredالتَّسْبِيحَto glorify Allahكَماasتُلْهَمُونَyou are inspired.
As in the hadith, the people of Paradise are inspired to glorify Allah as you are inspired.
وَهُوَAnd thisيُبَيِّنُclarifiesغَايَةَthe ultimateتَنَعُّمِهِمُenjoyment of themبِذِكْرِby rememberingاللَّهِAllahوَمَحَبَّتِهِand His love.
And this clarifies the ultimate enjoyment of them in remembering Allah and His love.
فَالخَوْفُSo fearمِنَofالتَّعَذُّبِsufferingبِمَخْلُوقٍby a creatureوَالرَّجَاءُand hopeلَهُfor himيَسُوقُهُdrives himإِلَىtoمَحَبَّةِthe love ofاللَّهِAllahالَّتِيwhichهِيَisالأَصْلُthe origin.
So fear of suffering by a creature and hope for him drives him to the love of Allah, which is the origin.
وَهَذَاAnd thisكُلُّهُallيَنْبَنِيis basedعَلَىonأَصْلِthe foundationالْمَحَبَّةِof love.
And this is all based on the foundation of love.
فَيُقَالُIt is saidقَدْthat hasنُطِقَbeen spokenالْكِتَابِby the Bookوَالسُّنَّةِand the Sunnahبِمَحَبَّةِabout the love ofالْعِبَادِthe servantsالْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersلِلَّهِfor Allahكَماasفِيthe sayingالْبَقَرَةِof Al-Baqarahوَالَّذِينَand thoseآمَنُواwho have believedأَشَدُّare strongerحُبًّاin loveلِلَّهِfor Allah.
It is said that it has been spoken in the Book and the Sunnah about the love of the believers for Allah, as in the verse of Al-Baqarah: 'And those who have believed are stronger in love for Allah.'
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His sayingالْمَائِدَةِin Surah Al-MaidahيُحِبُّهُمْHe loves themوَيُحِبُّونَهُand they love Him.
And His saying in Surah Al-Maidah: 'He loves them and they love Him.'
وَقَوْلُهُAnd His sayingالتَّوْبَةِin Surah At-TawbahأَحَبَّHe lovesإِلَيْكُمْto youمِنْmore thanاللَّهِAllahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messengerوَجِهَادٍand JihadفِيinسَبِيلِهِHis way.
And His saying in Surah At-Tawbah: 'He loves you more than Allah and His Messenger and striving in His cause.'
وَفِيAnd inالصَّحِيحَيْنِthe two Sahihsعَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe Prophet(صَلَّى(peaceاللَّهُbe uponعَلَيْهِhimوَسَلَّمَ)and upon him) أَنَّهُthat heقَالَsaidثَلَاثٌthreeمِنْofكُنْwhoever hasفِيهِin himوَجَدَhe findsحَلَاوَةَthe sweetnessالإِيمَانِof faith.
And in the two Sahihs from the Prophet (peace be upon him) that he said: 'Three qualities, whoever has them, will find the sweetness of faith.'
أَنْthatيَكُونَhe shouldاللَّهُAllahوَرَسُولُهُand His Messengerأَحَبَّare more belovedإِلَيْهِto himمِمَّاthan anythingسِوَاهُمَاelse.
That Allah and His Messenger are more beloved to him than anything else.
وَأَنْAnd thatيُحِبَّhe lovesالْمَرْءَa personلَاnotيُحِبُّهُlove himإِلَّاexceptلِلَّهِfor Allah.
And that he loves a person only for Allah.
وَأَنْAnd thatيَكْرَهَhe hatesأَنْthatيَرْجِعَhe returnsفِيto theالْكُفْرِdisbeliefبَعْدَafterإِذْheأَنْقَذَهُwas savedاللَّهُby Allahمِنْهُfrom it.كَمَاAsيَكْرَهُhe hatesأَنْthatيُلْقَىhe be thrownفِيintoالنَّارِthe Fire.
And that he hates returning to disbelief after Allah has saved him from it, just as he hates being thrown into the Fire.
بَلْButمَحَبَّةُthe loveرَسُولِ اللَّهِof the Messenger of Allah(صَلَّى(peaceاللَّهُbe uponعَلَيْهِhimوَسَلَّمَ)and upon him) وَجَبَتْis necessaryلِمَحَبَّةِfor the loveاللَّهِof AllahكَماasفِيinقَوْلِهِHis sayingالتَّوْبَةِin Surah At-TawbahأَحَبَّHe lovesإِلَيْكُمْto youمِنْmore thanاللَّهِAllahوَرَسُولِهِand His Messenger.
But the love of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) is necessary for the love of Allah, as in His saying in Surah At-Tawbah: 'He loves you more than Allah and His Messenger.'
وَكَماAnd asفِيinالصَّحِيحَيْنِthe two Sahihsعَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe Prophet(صَلَّى(peaceاللَّهُbe uponعَلَيْهِhimوَسَلَّمَ)and upon him) أَنَّهُthat heقَالَsaidوَالَّذِيAnd the one whoنَفْسِيmy soulبِيَدِهِis in His handلَاnotيُؤْمِنُbelievesأَحَدُكُمْany of youحَتَّىuntilأَكُونَI amأَحَبَّmore belovedإِلَيْهِto himمِنْthanوَلَدِهhis sonوَوَالِدِهِand his fatherوَالنَّاسِand all peopleأَجْمَعِينَaltogether.
And as in the two Sahihs from the Prophet (peace be upon him) that he said: 'And the one who has my soul in His hand, none of you truly believes until I am more beloved to him than his son, his father, and all the people together.'
وَفِيAnd inصَحِيحِSahihالْبُخَارِيِّAl-BukhariعَنْfromعُمَرَUmar ibnالْخَطَّابِAl-Khattabأَنَّهُthat heقَالَsaidوَاللَّهِBy AllahيَاOرَسُولَ اللَّهِMessenger of Allahلَأَنتَyou are indeedأَحَبُّmore beloved to meمِنْthanكُلِّallشَيْءٍthingsإِلَّاexceptمِنْfromنَفْسِيmyself.
And in Sahih Al-Bukhari from Umar ibn Al-Khattab that he said: 'By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, you are indeed more beloved to me than all things except my own self.'
فَقَالَHe saidلَاNoيَاOعُمَرُUmarحَتَّىuntilأَكُونَI amأَحَبَّmore belovedإِلَيْكَto youمِنْthanنَفْسِكَyourself.
He said: 'No, O Umar, until I am more beloved to you than yourself.'
فَقَالَHe saidوَاللَّهِAnd by Allahلَأَنتَyou are indeedأَحَبُّmore beloved to meمِنْthanنَفْسِيmyself.
He said: 'And by Allah, you are indeed more beloved to me than myself.'
وَكَذَلِكَAnd likewiseمَحَبَّةُthe loveصَحَابَتِهِof his companionsوَقَرَابَتِهِand his kin.
And likewise, the love of his companions and his kin.
كَماAsفِيinالصَّحِيحِthe Sahihعَنْfromالنَّبِيِّthe Prophet(صَلَّى(peaceاللَّهُbe uponعَلَيْهِhimوَسَلَّمَ)and upon him) أَنَّهُthat heقَالَsaidآيَةٌThe signالْإِيمَانِof faithحُبُّis the loveالْأَنْصَارِof the Ansar.
As in the Sahih from the Prophet (peace be upon him) that he said: 'The sign of faith is the love of the Ansar.'
وَآيَةٌAnd the signالنِّفَاقِof hypocrisyبُغْضٌis the hatredالْأَنْصَارِof the Ansar.
And the sign of hypocrisy is the hatred of the Ansar.
وَقَالَAnd he saidلَاDo notيَبْغَضْhateالْأَنْصَارَthe Ansarرَجُلٌa manيُؤْمِنُwho believesبِاللَّهِin Allahوَالْيَوْمِand the Dayالْآخِرِof Judgment.
And he said: 'Do not let a man who believes in Allah and the Day of Judgment hate the Ansar.'
وَقَالَAnd Aliرَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُmay Allah be pleased with himإِنَّهُIndeedلَعَهْدٌit is the covenantالنَّبِيِّof the Prophetالْأُمِّيِّthe unletteredإِلَيَّto meأَنَّهُthat he saidلَاdo notيُحِبَّنِيlove meإِلَّاexceptمُؤْمِنٌa believer.
And Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: 'Indeed, it is the covenant of the unlettered Prophet to me that no one loves me except a believer.'
وَلَاAnd noيَبْغَضُنِيhate meإِلَّاexceptمُنَافِقٌa hypocrite.
And no one hates me except a hypocrite.
وَفِيAnd inالسُّنَّةِthe Sunnahأَنَّهُthat heقَالَsaidلِلْعَبَّاسِto Al-Abbasوَالَّذِيand the one whoنَفْسِيmy soulبِيَدِهِis in His handلَاnotيَدْخُلُونَthey will enterالْجَنَّةَParadiseحَتَّىuntilيُحِبُّونَكُمْthey love youلِلَّهِfor Allahوَلِقُرَابَتِيand for my kinيَعْنِيmeaningبَنِيBaniهَاشِمَHashim.
And in the Sunnah, he said to Al-Abbas: 'And the one who has my soul in His hand, they will not enter Paradise until they love you for Allah and for my kin, meaning Bani Hashim.'
وَقَدAnd hasرَوَىnarratedحَدِيثًاa hadithعَنْfromابْنِIbnعَبَّاسٍAbbasمَرْفُوعًاthat is raisedأَنَّهُthat heقَالَsaidأَحِبُّواloveاللَّهَAllahلِمَاfor whatيُغْذِيكُمْHe feeds youبِهِwith.مِنْfromنِعْمَةِHis blessings.
And has narrated a hadith from Ibn Abbas raised that he said: 'Love Allah for what He feeds you with His blessings.'
وَأَحِبُّونِيAnd love meبِحُبِّfor the loveاللَّهِof Allahوَأَحِبُّواand loveأَهْلَthe peopleبَيْتِيof my houseلِأَجْلِيfor my sake.
And love me for the love of Allah, and love the people of my house for my sake.
وَأَمَّاAnd as forمَحَبَّةُthe loveالرَّبِّof the Lordلِعَبْدِهِfor His servantفَقَالَ تَعَالَىAllah the Most High saidالنساءSurah An-NisaوَاتَّخَذَAnd tookاللَّهُAllahإِبْرَاهِيمَIbrahimخَلِيلًاas a friend.
And as for the love of the Lord for His servant, Allah the Most High said in Surah An-Nisa: 'And Allah took Ibrahim as a friend.'
وَقَالَAnd He saidتَعَالَىthe Most Highالْمَائِدَةِin Surah Al-MaidahيُحِبُّهُمْHe loves themوَيُحِبُّونَهُand they love Him.
And He said the Most High in Surah Al-Maidah: 'He loves them and they love Him.'
وَقَالَAnd He saidالْبَقَرَةِin Surah Al-BaqarahوَأَحْسِنُواAnd do goodإِنَّIndeedاللَّهَAllahيُحِبُّlovesالْمُحْسِنِينَthe doers of good.
And He said in Surah Al-Baqarah: 'And do good; indeed, Allah loves the doers of good.'
الْحُجُرَاتِIn Surah Al-HujuratوَأَقْسِطُواAnd be justإِنَّIndeedاللَّهَAllahيُحِبُّlovesالْمُقْسِطِينَthose who are just.
In Surah Al-Hujurat: 'And be just; indeed, Allah loves those who are just.'