صِفَةٌattributeفِيinالْأَزَلِeternityوَخَالِقًاand a creatorبِتَخْلِيقِهِby His creationوَالتَّخْلِيقِand creationصِفَةٌattributeفِيinالْأَزَلِeternity
An attribute in eternity and a creator by His creation, and creation is an attribute in eternity.
(وَفَاعِلًا(and actingبِفَعْلِهِby His actionوَالفِعْلِand the actصِفَةٌattributeفِيinالْأَزَلِ)eternity)الفِعْلُThe actبِالْفَتْحِwith an openingمَصْدَرٌsourceوَبِالكَسْرِand with a breakإِسْمٌnameوَهُنَاAnd hereبِالْفَتْحِis with an openingبِمَعْنَىmeaningالتَّكْوِينِthe formationوَالْوَضْعِand creationوَالْإِيجَادِand existence
(And acting by His act, and the act is an attribute in eternity.) The act, with the opening, is a source, and with a break, is a name. And here, with the opening, means formation and creation and existence.
، , وَقَالAnd the sayingالإِمَامُof the Imamالأَعْظَمِthe greatestلَمْhas notيَزَلْceaseعالِمًاknowingبِعِلْمِهِby His knowledgeالْخَand so onيَرُدُّrefutesقَوْلَthe sayingالْمُعْتَزِلَةِof the Mu'tazilaفَإِنَّهُمْfor theyقَالُواsaidصِفَاتٌattributesاللَّهِof Allahعَيْنٌare identityذَاتِهِof His essenceوَهُوَand He isعالِمٌall-knowingقَادِرٌcapableبِمُجَرَّدِby mereالذَّاتِessenceلَاnotبِالْعِلْمِby knowledgeوَالْقُدْرَةِand capabilityوَيكْفِيand it sufficesلَنَاfor usدَلِيلًاevidenceقَوْلَthe sayingالإِمَامِof the Imamالأَعْظَمِthe greatestوَسَائِرِand the otherأَئِمَّةِImamsالهَدْيِof guidanceوَالدِّينِand religionمِنْfromأَهْلِthe peopleالسُّنَّةِof the Sunnahوَالجَمَاعَةِand the group
And the saying of the greatest Imam that He has always been knowing by His knowledge refutes the saying of the Mu'tazila, for they said that the attributes of Allah are identity of His essence, and He is all-knowing and capable by mere essence, not by knowledge and capability, and it suffices for us evidence the saying of the greatest Imam and the other Imams of guidance and religion from the people of Sunnah and the group.
وَنَقُولُAnd we sayكَمَاasقَالَhe saidهَـؤُلَاءِtheseالْأَئِمَّةُImamsرَحِمَهُمُmay Allah have mercy on themاللَّهُAllah:صِفَاتٌ: attributesاللَّهِof Allahتَعَالَىthe Exaltedلَيْسَتْare notعَيْنُthe identityذَاتِهِof His essenceوَلَاand notغَيْرُother thanذَاتِهِHis essenceوَلَاand notيَجِبُit is necessaryعَلَيْنَاfor usالِاسْتِقْصَاءِto investigateفِيinمَثَلِsuchهَذِهِthisالْمَسْأَلَةِmatter
And we say as these Imams, may Allah have mercy on them: the attributes of Allah, the Exalted, are neither the identity of His essence nor other than His essence, and it is not necessary for us to investigate in such a matter.
وَالْفَاعِلُAnd the actorهُوَis HeاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Exaltedوَالفِعْلُand the actصِفَةٌattributeفِيinالْأَزَلِeternityوَالْمَفْعُولُand the objectمَخْلُوقٌis createdوَفِعْلُand the actاللَّهُof Allahتَعَالَىthe Exaltedغَيْرُis notمَخْلُوقٌ)created)
And the actor is Allah, the Exalted, and the act is an attribute in eternity, and the object is created, and the act of Allah is not created)
يَعْنِيthat meansأَنَّthatاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Exaltedإِذَاwhenفَعَلَdoes an actشَيْئًاsomethingيَفْعَلُهُHe doesبِفَعْلِهِby His actionالَّذِيthat whichهُوَ لَهُis an attribute for Himصِفَةٌattributeأَزَلِيَّةٌeternalلَاnotبِفَعْلٍby a created actحَادِثٍincidentلَأَنَّbecauseالْحَادِثُthe incidentهُوَisأَثَرٌthe effectفَعْلِهِof his actionلَاnotفِعْلٌhis actionبِخِلَافِunlikeالْمَفْعُولِthe objectفَإِنَّهُfor itمَحَلٌّplaceلِوَقُوعِof occurrenceأَثَرٌthe effectالْفِعْلِof the actوَهُوَand it isمَخْلُوقٌcreatedبِالْإِتِّفَاقِby agreementبِلَاwithoutكَانَthere wasاللَّهُAllahتَعَالَىthe Exaltedخَالِقًاa creatorفِيinاللَّأَزَلِeternityوَلَمْand He has notيَخْلُقْcreateالْخَلْقَthe creation
That means that Allah, the Exalted, when He does something, He does it by His action, which is an eternal attribute for Him, not by a created act as an incident, because the incident is the effect of His action, not His action unlike the object, for it is the place of occurrence of the effect of the act and it is created by agreement, without there being Allah, the Exalted, a creator in eternity had not created creation.
فَلَمَّاSo whenكَلَّمَHe spoke toاللَّهُAllahكَلِمَةًwordsبِكَلَامِهِby His wordsالَّذِيwhichهُوَisلَهُfor Himصِفَةٌattributeفِيinالْأَزَلِeternityوَصِفَاتُهُand His attributesكُلُّهَاall of themمُوسَىare eternalبِخِلَافِunlikeصِفَاتِthe attributesالْمَخْلُوقِينَof created beings
So when Allah spoke to him with words which are an attribute in eternity, and all of His attributes are eternal, unlike the attributes of created beings.
يَعْلَمُHe knowsلَاnotكَعِلْمِنَاlike our knowledgeوَيَقْدِرُand He is capableلَاnotكَقُدْرَتِنَاlike our power
He knows not like our knowledge and He is capable not like our power.