fiqh al akbar

Page 207

كُنْBeكَانَWasلِلْقَوْلِFor the sayingقَوْلًاA sayingوَهَذَاAnd thisيُوجِبُNecessitatesأَحَدَOneأَمْرَيْنِOf two mattersإمَّاEitherأَنْThatيُؤَوِّلُIt entailsالأَمْرَThe matterإِلَىToأَنْThatقَوْلَSayingاللَّهِOf GodغَيْرَNotمَخْلُوقٍCreatedأوOrيَكُونُIt isكُلُّEveryقَوْلٍSayingوَاقِعٍOccurringبِقَوْلٍBy sayingلاNotإِلَىToغَايَةٍAn endوَذَٰلِكَAnd thatمُحَالٌIs impossibleوَإِذَاAnd ifاُسْتُحِلَّIt is impossibleذَلِكَThatصَحَّIt is trueوَثَبَتَAnd it is establishedأَنْThatاللَّهَGodعَزَThe ExaltedوَجَلَّAnd MajesticقَوْلًاSayingغَيْرَNotمَخْلُوقٍCreated

Be was for the saying, and this necessitates one of two matters: either that the saying of God is not created or that every saying becomes a saying without an end, and that is impossible. And if that is impossible, it is true that God, the Exalted and Majestic, has a saying that is not created.

(سُؤَالٌ)(Question)فَإِنَّThen ifقَالَSaidقَائِلٌA speakerمَعْنَىThe meaningقَوْلِSayingاللَّهِOf GodأَنْThatيَقُولُSaysلَهُTo himكُنْBeفَيَكُونُAnd it is soإِنَّمَاOnlyيَكُونُهُMakes it isفَيَكُونُAnd it is soقِيلَIt is saidالظَّاهِرُThe apparentأَنْThatيَقُولُSaysلَهُTo himوَلَاAnd notيَجُوزُIs permissibleأَنْThatيَكُونَIt isقَوْلُSayingاللَّهِOf GodلِلْأَشْيَاءِFor the thingsكُلُّهَاAll of themكُنْBeهُوَIt isالأَشْيَاءِThe thingsلِأَنَّBecauseهَذَاThisيُوجِبُNecessitatesأَنْThatتَكُونَAreالأَشْيَاءِThe thingsكُلُّهَاAll of themكَلَامَWordsاللَّهِOf GodعَزَThe ExaltedوَجَلَّAnd MajesticوَمَنAnd whoeverقَالَSaidذَٰلِكَThatأَعْظَمُThe greatestالْفَرِيَّةِFalsehoodلِأَنَّهُBecause it necessitatesيَلْزَمُهُIt obliges himأَنْThatيَكُونَIt isكُلُّEveryشَيْءٍThingفِيInالْعَالَمِThe worldمِنْOfإِنْسَانٍA humanوَفَرَسٍAnd a horseوَحِمَارٍAnd a donkeyوَغَيْرِهِمْAnd othersذَٰلِكَThatكَلَامٌWordsاللَّهِOf GodوَفِيAnd inهَذَاThisمَاWhatفِيهIn itفَلَمَّاSo whenاُسْتُحِلَّIt became impossibleذَٰلِكَThatأَنْThatقَوْلَSayingاللَّهِOf GodلِلْأَشْيَاءِFor the thingsكُنْBeصَحَّIt is trueغَيْرَهَاOther than itوَإِذَاAnd ifكَانَWasغَيْرُNotالْمَخْلُوقَاتِThe created beingsفَقَدْThen itخَرَجَExitedكَلَامُWordsاللَّهِOf GodعَزَThe ExaltedوَجَلَّAnd MajesticعَنْFromأَنْThatيَكُونَIt isمَخْلُوقًاCreatedوَيَلْزَمُAnd it necessitatesمِنْFromأَثْبَتَEstablishedكَلَامٌWordsاللَّهِOf GodمَخْلُوقًاAs createdأَنْThatيُثَبِّتُIt establishesاللَّهَGodغَيْرَNotمُتَكَلِّمًاA speakerوَلَاAnd notقَائِلًاA speakerوَذَٰلِكَAnd thatفَاسِدٌIs invalidكَمَاAsيُفْسِدُIt is corruptedأَنْThatيَكُونَIt isعِلْمٌKnowledgeاللَّهِOf GodمَخْلُوقًاCreatedوَأَنْAnd thatيَكُونَIt isاللَّهَGodغَيْرَNotعَالِمًاKnowingفَلَمَّاSo whenكَانَWasاللَّهُGodعَزَThe ExaltedوَجَلَّAnd MajesticلَمْDid notيَزَلْBecomeعَالِمًاKnowerإِذْWhenلَمْDid notيُجَزَIs allowedأَنْThatيَكُونَIt isلَمْDid notيَزَلْBecomeبِخِلَافِIn contrast toالْعِلْمِKnowledgeمَوْصُوفًاBeing describedاُسْتُحِلَّIt became impossibleأَنْThatيَكُونَIt isلَمْDid notيَزَلْBecomeبِخِلَافِIn contrast toالكَلَامِThe speechالَّذِيWhichلَاNotيَكُونَBeمَعَهُWith itكَلَامًاWordsسُكُوتٍSilenceأوOrآفَةٍAn afflictionكَمَاAs

(Question) Then if a speaker said, the meaning of God's saying is that He says 'Be,' and it is made so, it is said that it apparently means that He says to him, and it is not permissible for God's saying to all things to be 'Be,' it is the things. Because this necessitates that all things are the words of God, the Exalted and Majestic. And whoever said that has committed the greatest falsehood, because it obliges him to believe that everything in the world, from a human, a horse, a donkey, and other than that, is the word of God. And in this what it holds.

فَلَمَّاSo whenاُسْتُحِلَّIt became impossibleذَٰلِكَThatأَنْThatقَوْلَSayingاللَّهِOf GodلِلْأَشْيَاءِFor the thingsكُنْBeصَحَّIt is trueغَيْرَهَاOther than itوَإِذَاAnd ifكَانَWasغَيْرُNotالمَخْلُوقاتِThe created beingsفَقَدْThen itخَرَجَExitedكَلَامُWordsاللَّهِOf GodعَزَThe ExaltedوَجَلَّAnd MajesticعَنْFromأَنْThatيَكُونَIt isمَخْلُوقًاCreatedوَيَلْزَمُAnd it necessitatesمِنْFromأَثْبَتَEstablishedكَلَامٌWordsاللَّهِOf GodمَخْلُوقًاAs createdأَنْThatيُثَبِّتُIt establishesاللَّهَGodغَيْرَNotمُتَكَلِّمًاA speakerوَلَاAnd notقَائِلًاA speakerوَذَٰلِكَAnd thatفَاسِدٌIs invalidكَمَاAsيُفْسِدُIt is corruptedأَنْThatيَكُونَIt isعِلْمٌKnowledgeاللَّهِOf GodمَخْلُوقًاCreatedوَأَنْAnd thatيَكُونَIt isاللَّهَGodغَيْرَNotعَالِمًاKnowing

So when it became impossible for God’s saying for things to be 'Be,' it was true that other than it, and if every created thing appears, then the words of God, the Exalted and Majestic, are not created. And it necessitates that whoever establishes the words of God as created must prove that God is not speaking and not saying, and that is invalid as it corrupts that God cannot be created. Also, it is corrupted for God’s knowledge to be created and that God is not knowledgeable.

فَلَمَّاSo whenكَانَWasاللَّهُGodعَزَThe ExaltedوَجَلَّAnd MajesticلَمْDid notيَزَلْBecomeعَالِمًاKnowerإِذْWhenلَمْDid notيُجَزَIs allowedأَنْThatيَكُونَIt isلَمْDid notيَزَلْBecomeبِخِلَافِIn contrast toالْعِلْمِKnowledgeمَوْصُوفًاBeing describedاُسْتُحِلَّIt became impossibleأَنْThatيَكُونَIt isلَمْDid notيَزَلْBecomeبِخِلَافِIn contrast toالكَلَامِThe speechالَّذِيWhichلَاNotيَكُونَBeمَعَهُWith itكَلَامٍWordsسُكُوتٍSilenceأوOrآفَةٍAn afflictionكَمَاAs

So when God, the Exalted and Majestic, was not eternal as being knowledgeable since it is contrary to the knowledge, it became impossible that He was not in contrast to the description of knowledge due to the speech which cannot stand without words, silence, or an affliction. It is just as non-existent as the non-existence of speech.